抗戰(zhàn)時期湖北難民救濟研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-08-15 15:54
【摘要】：抗戰(zhàn)時期的難民問題,是中國近現(xiàn)代社會史研究的重要課題。近年來,學術(shù)界關(guān)于這一研究課題的專著和專題論文陸續(xù)發(fā)表,取得了很多積極的成果。但是,關(guān)于湖北省抗戰(zhàn)時期的難民救濟工作目前尚欠缺專題研究。 本文擬通過對報刊雜志及相關(guān)文獻資料的搜集、整理和分析,考察抗戰(zhàn)時期湖北難民概況,難民救濟政策以及實施的情況,總結(jié)其歷史的經(jīng)驗和教訓,為當今湖北的社會救濟工作提供借鑒。 全文共分三個部分,四個章節(jié)。第一部分主要論述抗戰(zhàn)時期湖北難民問題的整體概況,包括湖北難民產(chǎn)生的原因、難民的流向以及湖北難民的諸多特點,作一較為詳細的考察�？箲�(zhàn)時期湖北由于戰(zhàn)亂破壞以及自然災害嚴重等因素的影響,形成眾多戰(zhàn)爭難民和災荒難民。難民最初的逃亡具有一定的盲目性、自發(fā)性和無組織性,南京淪陷后特別是武漢保衛(wèi)戰(zhàn)期間,湖北地區(qū)的難民其流動方向還是有一定的規(guī)律可循的。 第二部分分上、下兩部分。主要論述抗戰(zhàn)時期湖北難民的救濟與安置情況,以救濟對象的不同主要分為對戰(zhàn)爭難民和災荒難民的救濟和安置,其中災荒難民,既包括本省的也有豫省的災荒難民。為與南京國民政府相適應,同時也為順應新形勢下的救濟工作,湖北省政府制定了難民救濟的宗旨,新成立了很多難民救濟機關(guān),制定了難民救濟的政策和法令,對難民救濟的經(jīng)費來源也有明確的規(guī)定,采取了一系列的措施來解決這一問題；各種慈善團體、宗教團體等社會力量也紛紛參與其中,為難民救濟工作做出了一定的貢獻。另外,抗戰(zhàn)時期湖北省對一部分外省主要是豫省災荒難民也實施了救濟,使其得到了較好的安置。 第三部分主要對抗戰(zhàn)時期湖北難民救濟工作的特點,救濟工作的積極效果以及工作過程中的不足之處進行較為全面深入的評價。湖北難民救濟工作與河南、重慶等地既有共同之處同時也有自身的特點,取得了良好的效果,穩(wěn)定了社會秩序、促進了生產(chǎn)發(fā)展、保存了民族力量；但由于救濟經(jīng)費的有限、救濟過程中部分官員的官僚化以及腐敗化等問題,在一定程度上削弱了救濟工作的效果。
[Abstract]:The refugee problem during the War of Resistance against Japan is an important subject in the study of Chinese modern social history. In recent years, academic monographs and monographs on this subject have been published one after another, and many positive results have been obtained. However, there is still a lack of special research on the relief work of refugees during the Anti-Japanese War in Hubei Province. Through the collection, collation and analysis of newspapers, magazines and related documents, this paper will investigate the general situation of refugees, refugee relief policies and their implementation in Hubei during the War of Resistance against Japan, and sum up their historical experiences and lessons. To provide reference for the social relief work in Hubei. The full text is divided into three parts, four chapters. The first part mainly discusses the general situation of the refugee problem in Hubei during the Anti-Japanese War, including the causes of the refugees in Hubei Province, the flow of refugees and the characteristics of the refugees in Hubei Province, and makes a more detailed investigation. During the Anti-Japanese War, many war refugees and famine refugees were formed in Hubei province because of the destruction of war and the serious natural disasters. The initial flight of refugees has some blindness, spontaneity and unorganization. After Nanjing fell, especially during the defending war in Wuhan, the flow direction of refugees in Hubei is still regular. The second part is divided into two parts. This paper mainly discusses the relief and resettlement of Hubei refugees during the Anti-Japanese War. According to the different relief objects, it can be divided into relief and resettlement for war refugees and famine refugees. In order to adapt to the Nanjing National Government and also to comply with the relief work under the new situation, the Hubei Provincial Government formulated the purpose of refugee relief, established many new refugee relief agencies, and formulated policies and decrees on refugee relief. A series of measures have been taken to solve this problem, and various social forces, such as charitable organizations and religious groups, have also participated in it, and have made some contributions to the relief work of refugees. In addition, during the War of Resistance against Japan, Hubei Province also carried out relief to some of the famine refugees in Henan Province, which made it better to be resettled. The third part mainly evaluates the characteristics of the relief work of Hubei refugees during the Anti-Japanese War, the positive effect of the relief work and the shortcomings of the work process. The relief work of Hubei refugees, together with Henan, Chongqing and other places, has both common points and its own characteristics. It has achieved good results, stabilized social order, promoted the development of production, and preserved the national strength; however, due to the limited relief funds, The bureaucratism and corruption of some officials in the relief process weaken the effect of relief to some extent.
【學位授予單位】：華中師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：K265
本文編號：2184689
[Abstract]:The refugee problem during the War of Resistance against Japan is an important subject in the study of Chinese modern social history. In recent years, academic monographs and monographs on this subject have been published one after another, and many positive results have been obtained. However, there is still a lack of special research on the relief work of refugees during the Anti-Japanese War in Hubei Province. Through the collection, collation and analysis of newspapers, magazines and related documents, this paper will investigate the general situation of refugees, refugee relief policies and their implementation in Hubei during the War of Resistance against Japan, and sum up their historical experiences and lessons. To provide reference for the social relief work in Hubei. The full text is divided into three parts, four chapters. The first part mainly discusses the general situation of the refugee problem in Hubei during the Anti-Japanese War, including the causes of the refugees in Hubei Province, the flow of refugees and the characteristics of the refugees in Hubei Province, and makes a more detailed investigation. During the Anti-Japanese War, many war refugees and famine refugees were formed in Hubei province because of the destruction of war and the serious natural disasters. The initial flight of refugees has some blindness, spontaneity and unorganization. After Nanjing fell, especially during the defending war in Wuhan, the flow direction of refugees in Hubei is still regular. The second part is divided into two parts. This paper mainly discusses the relief and resettlement of Hubei refugees during the Anti-Japanese War. According to the different relief objects, it can be divided into relief and resettlement for war refugees and famine refugees. In order to adapt to the Nanjing National Government and also to comply with the relief work under the new situation, the Hubei Provincial Government formulated the purpose of refugee relief, established many new refugee relief agencies, and formulated policies and decrees on refugee relief. A series of measures have been taken to solve this problem, and various social forces, such as charitable organizations and religious groups, have also participated in it, and have made some contributions to the relief work of refugees. In addition, during the War of Resistance against Japan, Hubei Province also carried out relief to some of the famine refugees in Henan Province, which made it better to be resettled. The third part mainly evaluates the characteristics of the relief work of Hubei refugees during the Anti-Japanese War, the positive effect of the relief work and the shortcomings of the work process. The relief work of Hubei refugees, together with Henan, Chongqing and other places, has both common points and its own characteristics. It has achieved good results, stabilized social order, promoted the development of production, and preserved the national strength; however, due to the limited relief funds, The bureaucratism and corruption of some officials in the relief process weaken the effect of relief to some extent.
【學位授予單位】：華中師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：K265
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