1950—1952年甘肅定西土地改革研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-12 15:13
【摘要】：從1950年末至1952年底，在中國共產(chǎn)黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，全國新解放區(qū)開展了土地改革運(yùn)動。與中國共產(chǎn)黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的以往的土地改革運(yùn)動不同，這次土改運(yùn)動是在全國的人民政權(quán)已經(jīng)建立的情況下開展的，建國初期中國共產(chǎn)黨依然面對各種各樣的挑戰(zhàn)和不利局面，新區(qū)土改發(fā)生在這樣一個(gè)非常時(shí)期，有著它的歷史必然性。 其時(shí)，在擁有2.64億農(nóng)業(yè)人口的新解放區(qū)，廣大農(nóng)民與地主階級的尖銳矛盾依然存在，農(nóng)村中的封建舊勢力蠢蠢欲動，進(jìn)行各種破壞活動，妄想改天換日。完成土地改革是中國新民主主義革命的必然要求，也是鞏固農(nóng)村人民基層政權(quán)的需要。加之當(dāng)時(shí)處于新舊經(jīng)濟(jì)體制轉(zhuǎn)變中，國內(nèi)面臨嚴(yán)峻的經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢，中共中央要實(shí)現(xiàn)我國財(cái)政經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況的根本好轉(zhuǎn)，邁出的重要一步便是有步驟有秩序地進(jìn)行土地改革。 本文以新中國成立初期定西縣的土地改革為個(gè)案研究對象，在查閱檔案資料、吸收學(xué)術(shù)界研究成果和土改當(dāng)事人口述資料收集的基礎(chǔ)上，客觀考察了定西縣在土改時(shí)期的農(nóng)民、地主、農(nóng)村干部、政府和國家政策等情況，并分析了土改進(jìn)程中鄉(xiāng)村社會、農(nóng)民、農(nóng)村干部以及政策之間相互影響的微妙關(guān)系。 全文共六部分：第一部分是緒言，分析了建國初期定西縣土改的研究價(jià)值和進(jìn)行了土改研究的學(xué)術(shù)史回顧。第二部分交待了中央及省地的相關(guān)政策法規(guī)，為地方進(jìn)行土地改革提供了法律依據(jù)。第三部分闡述了建國初期定西縣進(jìn)行土地改革的準(zhǔn)備工作，從減租減息運(yùn)動，到剿匪反霸鎮(zhèn)壓反革命，到對土地占有狀況的調(diào)查，這些準(zhǔn)備工作的進(jìn)行，為土地改革運(yùn)動的順利完成，，提供了良好的基礎(chǔ)。第四部分，介紹土地改革運(yùn)動的過程，運(yùn)動首先從試辦鄉(xiāng)開始，經(jīng)過試驗(yàn)的成功，繼而推向全縣，從而取得較大成功，加上土改復(fù)查階段的糾正，最終完成了土地改革的任務(wù)，實(shí)現(xiàn)了“耕者有其田”的理想。第五部分總結(jié)了定西縣土地改革運(yùn)動，肯定了工作取得的成績，并提出工作中存在的問題，也總結(jié)了運(yùn)動中取得的經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn)。第六部分結(jié)語。
[Abstract]:From the end of 1950 to the end of 1952, under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, the land reform movement was launched in the newly liberated areas. Unlike the previous land reform movement led by the Communist Party of China, the current land reform movement was carried out under the conditions of the establishment of the people's power throughout the country. In the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China, the Communist Party of China still faced all kinds of challenges and disadvantages. Land reform in the new area occurred in such an extraordinary period, with its historical inevitability. At that time, in the new liberated areas with a population of 264 million, the sharp contradiction between the broad masses of peasants and the landlord class still existed. The completion of land reform is an inevitable requirement of China's new democratic revolution and the need to consolidate the grassroots power of the rural people. In addition, at that time in the transformation of the old and new economic system, China is facing a severe economic situation. If the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China wants to realize the fundamental improvement of the financial and economic situation of our country, the important step taken is to carry out the land reform step by step and in an orderly manner. Taking the land reform of Dingxi County in the early stage of the founding of New China as the case study object, this paper, on the basis of consulting the archives, absorbing the academic research results and collecting the oral data of the land reform parties, objectively investigates the peasants in the period of the land reform in Dingxi County. The paper also analyzes the subtle relationship between rural society, peasants, rural cadres and policies in the process of land reform. This paper consists of six parts: the first part is the introduction, which analyzes the research value of land reform in Dingxi County in the early years of the people's Republic of China and reviews the academic history of land reform research. The second part introduces the relevant policies and regulations of the central government and provincial land, and provides the legal basis for the local land reform. The third part deals with the preparations for land reform in Dingxi County in the early years of the founding of the people's Republic of China, from the movement of reducing rent and interest rates to the suppression of counter-revolutionaries by bandits and tyrants, to the investigation of land tenure, and the progress of these preparations. For the successful completion of the land reform movement, provided a good foundation. The fourth part introduces the process of the land reform movement, which, first of all, began with the trial of the township, was successful in the experiment, and then pushed to the whole county, thus achieving greater success. Together with the correction of the re-examination stage of the land reform, the movement finally completed the task of land reform. The ideal of "the tiller has his field" has been realized. The fifth part summarizes the land reform movement in Dingxi County, affirms the achievements of the work, points out the problems existing in the work, and summarizes the experience and lessons gained in the movement. Conclusion of the sixth part.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：K27;F301
本文編號：2179443
[Abstract]:From the end of 1950 to the end of 1952, under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, the land reform movement was launched in the newly liberated areas. Unlike the previous land reform movement led by the Communist Party of China, the current land reform movement was carried out under the conditions of the establishment of the people's power throughout the country. In the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China, the Communist Party of China still faced all kinds of challenges and disadvantages. Land reform in the new area occurred in such an extraordinary period, with its historical inevitability. At that time, in the new liberated areas with a population of 264 million, the sharp contradiction between the broad masses of peasants and the landlord class still existed. The completion of land reform is an inevitable requirement of China's new democratic revolution and the need to consolidate the grassroots power of the rural people. In addition, at that time in the transformation of the old and new economic system, China is facing a severe economic situation. If the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China wants to realize the fundamental improvement of the financial and economic situation of our country, the important step taken is to carry out the land reform step by step and in an orderly manner. Taking the land reform of Dingxi County in the early stage of the founding of New China as the case study object, this paper, on the basis of consulting the archives, absorbing the academic research results and collecting the oral data of the land reform parties, objectively investigates the peasants in the period of the land reform in Dingxi County. The paper also analyzes the subtle relationship between rural society, peasants, rural cadres and policies in the process of land reform. This paper consists of six parts: the first part is the introduction, which analyzes the research value of land reform in Dingxi County in the early years of the people's Republic of China and reviews the academic history of land reform research. The second part introduces the relevant policies and regulations of the central government and provincial land, and provides the legal basis for the local land reform. The third part deals with the preparations for land reform in Dingxi County in the early years of the founding of the people's Republic of China, from the movement of reducing rent and interest rates to the suppression of counter-revolutionaries by bandits and tyrants, to the investigation of land tenure, and the progress of these preparations. For the successful completion of the land reform movement, provided a good foundation. The fourth part introduces the process of the land reform movement, which, first of all, began with the trial of the township, was successful in the experiment, and then pushed to the whole county, thus achieving greater success. Together with the correction of the re-examination stage of the land reform, the movement finally completed the task of land reform. The ideal of "the tiller has his field" has been realized. The fifth part summarizes the land reform movement in Dingxi County, affirms the achievements of the work, points out the problems existing in the work, and summarizes the experience and lessons gained in the movement. Conclusion of the sixth part.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：K27;F301
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