晚清《西國近事匯編》研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-08-02 09:47
【摘要】：采用原文獻分析與考證方法,通過調閱《西國近事匯編》從清同治十二年創(chuàng)刊(1873)至光緒二十六年(1900)停刊28年間的108卷、1330期的影印原始文獻,擬出了早期36卷、428期8129條消息的標題,重新研究評價該刊的編輯出版概況、編輯傳播策略、傳播內容,重點研究該刊的經濟新聞、科技新聞和政治新聞,力圖廓清該刊在中國新聞傳播史和科技傳播史中的歷史發(fā)展軌跡,以期解讀該刊在當時社會中的價值和對后人所起到的啟發(fā)作用,探究該刊在中國新聞事業(yè)史和西學東漸的歷史進程中所扮演的重要角色。 《西國近事匯編》是洋務運動時期由江南機器制造局翻譯館主辦的惟一一份周刊,在《東西洋考每月統(tǒng)計傳》開辟經濟貿易專欄和《遐邇貫珍》論述自由貿易重要性的基礎之上,首次系統(tǒng)傳播近代西方財政管理思想,首次全面?zhèn)鞑ソ鞣秸{控經濟的思想,把西方的專利保護制度、金融資本的魅力、國際貿易的兩面性等經濟思想引入中國；最早報道西方工人運動,首次報道德國社會民主黨；科技新聞共572條,重點報道船舶制造技術,有關船舶制造技術的報道有223條,主要涉及船舶種類、總體設計和相關制造技術,種類有鐵甲船、木質船、水雷船、通信船,總體設計包括船名、船長、船闊、容量、重量、速率、動力配置和火炮配置,相關制造技術有修水道、建船廠、救生船、溷水衣、起沉船之法。該刊是集國際性、綜合性、新聞性于一體的期刊,啟發(fā)并引導了維新派的辦刊辦報理念,是早期國人辦報的成功嘗試,是晚清官方主辦的持續(xù)時間最長的期刊,在新聞傳播史上具有重大意義；大規(guī)模地傳播近代西方經濟學思想及其實際運用;最早傳播社會主義思潮,是近代中國西學傳播中影響力最大的報刊之一,對中西跨文化傳播和社會主義思想在中國的傳播具有重要的作用；首次持續(xù)廣泛地傳播船舶制造技術、機器及軍械制造技術,直接啟發(fā)指導了江南制造局工程師的設計理念,提高了該局的船舶制造技術和軍械機器制造水平,在中國科學技術傳播史中具有里程碑的地位。
[Abstract]:By using the method of original literature analysis and textual research, the original documents of 108-volume / 1330 issues from the founding publication of Tongzhi in Qing Dynasty (1873) to the discontinuation of Guang Xu in 26 years (1900) were reviewed. This paper draws out the titles of 8129 messages in the early 36 volumes and 428 issues, restudies and evaluates the general situation of editing and publication, the editorial and communication strategies, the content of the news, and focuses on the economic news, science and technology news and political news of the journal. This paper tries to clarify the historical development of the journal in the history of Chinese news communication and the history of scientific and technological communication, in order to interpret its value in the society at that time and its enlightening role for future generations. To explore the important role that the journal plays in the history of Chinese journalism and the historical process of the eastward spread of Western learning. The compilation of Western countries' recent Affairs was the only weekly magazine sponsored by the Translation Institute of the Jiangnan Machine Manufacturing Bureau during the Westernization Movement. On the basis of the opening of the Economic and Trade column and the exposition of the importance of free trade in the monthly Statistical Bibliography of the East and the West, it is the first time that the ideas of modern western financial management have been systematically disseminated. For the first time, the idea of economic regulation and control by modern western governments was comprehensively disseminated, and Western economic ideas such as patent protection system, charm of financial capital and dual character of international trade were introduced into China. The earliest report was on the workers' movement in the West. For the first time, the Social Democratic Party of Germany, 572 science and technology news reports, with emphasis on ship manufacturing technology, and 223 reports on ship manufacturing technology, mainly covering the types of ships, general design and related manufacturing technologies, including iron armour vessels, Wood vessel, mine ship, communication ship, overall design includes ship name, captain, ship width, capacity, weight, speed, power configuration and artillery configuration. Related manufacturing techniques include repair roads, shipyards, lifeboats, water jackets, and shipwreck methods. It is an international, comprehensive and newsworthy journal that inspired and guided the reformist idea of running a newspaper. It was a successful attempt by the early Chinese people to run a newspaper, and it was the longest-lasting periodical officially sponsored by the late Qing Dynasty. It is of great significance in the history of news dissemination, the large-scale dissemination of modern western economic thoughts and their practical application, and the earliest dissemination of socialist thought, which is one of the most influential newspapers and periodicals in the dissemination of western studies in modern China. It plays an important role in the cross-cultural communication between China and the West and the spread of socialist thought in China. The continuous and extensive dissemination of shipbuilding technology, machinery and ordnance manufacturing technology for the first time has directly inspired the design concepts of engineers in Jiangnan Manufacturing Bureau. It has improved the shipbuilding technology and ordnance machine manufacturing level of the bureau, and has been a milestone in the history of science and technology communication in China.
【學位授予單位】：西北大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：K256
本文編號：2159043
[Abstract]:By using the method of original literature analysis and textual research, the original documents of 108-volume / 1330 issues from the founding publication of Tongzhi in Qing Dynasty (1873) to the discontinuation of Guang Xu in 26 years (1900) were reviewed. This paper draws out the titles of 8129 messages in the early 36 volumes and 428 issues, restudies and evaluates the general situation of editing and publication, the editorial and communication strategies, the content of the news, and focuses on the economic news, science and technology news and political news of the journal. This paper tries to clarify the historical development of the journal in the history of Chinese news communication and the history of scientific and technological communication, in order to interpret its value in the society at that time and its enlightening role for future generations. To explore the important role that the journal plays in the history of Chinese journalism and the historical process of the eastward spread of Western learning. The compilation of Western countries' recent Affairs was the only weekly magazine sponsored by the Translation Institute of the Jiangnan Machine Manufacturing Bureau during the Westernization Movement. On the basis of the opening of the Economic and Trade column and the exposition of the importance of free trade in the monthly Statistical Bibliography of the East and the West, it is the first time that the ideas of modern western financial management have been systematically disseminated. For the first time, the idea of economic regulation and control by modern western governments was comprehensively disseminated, and Western economic ideas such as patent protection system, charm of financial capital and dual character of international trade were introduced into China. The earliest report was on the workers' movement in the West. For the first time, the Social Democratic Party of Germany, 572 science and technology news reports, with emphasis on ship manufacturing technology, and 223 reports on ship manufacturing technology, mainly covering the types of ships, general design and related manufacturing technologies, including iron armour vessels, Wood vessel, mine ship, communication ship, overall design includes ship name, captain, ship width, capacity, weight, speed, power configuration and artillery configuration. Related manufacturing techniques include repair roads, shipyards, lifeboats, water jackets, and shipwreck methods. It is an international, comprehensive and newsworthy journal that inspired and guided the reformist idea of running a newspaper. It was a successful attempt by the early Chinese people to run a newspaper, and it was the longest-lasting periodical officially sponsored by the late Qing Dynasty. It is of great significance in the history of news dissemination, the large-scale dissemination of modern western economic thoughts and their practical application, and the earliest dissemination of socialist thought, which is one of the most influential newspapers and periodicals in the dissemination of western studies in modern China. It plays an important role in the cross-cultural communication between China and the West and the spread of socialist thought in China. The continuous and extensive dissemination of shipbuilding technology, machinery and ordnance manufacturing technology for the first time has directly inspired the design concepts of engineers in Jiangnan Manufacturing Bureau. It has improved the shipbuilding technology and ordnance machine manufacturing level of the bureau, and has been a milestone in the history of science and technology communication in China.
【學位授予單位】：西北大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：K256
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