發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-06 06:35

  本文選題：北京政府時(shí)期 + 直隸省�。� 參考：《河北師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：公債,又稱(chēng)公共債務(wù),是政府及政府所屬機(jī)構(gòu)以債務(wù)人的身份,按照信用的方式向國(guó)內(nèi)外籌集資金、取得收入的一種有償形式。按債權(quán)人分,可分為外債(國(guó)外公債)和內(nèi)債。按發(fā)行債券的政府不同級(jí)別劃分,可分為中央公債和地方公債。公債作為政府財(cái)政的重要組成部分,有著籌集資金、調(diào)節(jié)社會(huì)資源的作用。我國(guó)的公債發(fā)行始于晚清。近代以來(lái),政府因?yàn)閼?zhàn)爭(zhēng)賠款、舉辦新政,需款甚多甚急,于是模仿西方發(fā)行公債。我國(guó)最早的公債是1894年的息借商款。直隸公債是我國(guó)最早的地方公債,1905年,直隸省因訓(xùn)練新軍經(jīng)費(fèi)不足,在直隸總督袁世凱的主持下,發(fā)行了直隸公債。該公債章程條例詳備,開(kāi)歷史之先河,對(duì)晚清、民國(guó)時(shí)期的公債有著重要的影響。之后的湖北公債、安徽公債以及直隸省此后發(fā)行的公債無(wú)不受其影響。民國(guó)初期,袁世凱控制著北京政府,直隸省也受其牢牢控制,供給中央,在袁世凱去世之前,直隸省未發(fā)行過(guò)地方公債。1916年,袁氏凱去世以后,軍閥混戰(zhàn),政權(quán)更迭頻繁。在此期間,地方政府權(quán)力上升,濫發(fā)公債。直隸省也于此時(shí)期發(fā)行了大量公債,然而因?yàn)樾庞貌患训仍?基本都沒(méi)有取得應(yīng)有的作用。直隸二次興利公債,就是其中的典型范例,該公債原名直隸整理公債,計(jì)劃對(duì)之前發(fā)行直隸五次公債等公債進(jìn)行整理,最終卻因?yàn)楦鞣絼?shì)力的角力被修改為直隸二次興利公債。1926年,褚玉璞就任直隸省長(zhǎng),在其任上發(fā)行了直隸善后長(zhǎng)、短公債以及直隸六次公債,發(fā)行數(shù)額大,發(fā)行間隔短�？梢哉f(shuō),在此時(shí)期,直隸公債完全淪為褚玉璞聚斂軍費(fèi)的手段。
[Abstract]:Public debt, also known as public debt, is a kind of paid form that the government and its affiliated institutions raise funds from domestic and foreign countries according to credit as debtors. According to creditors, can be divided into foreign debt (foreign public debt) and domestic debt. According to the different levels of government issued bonds, can be divided into central and local government bonds. As an important part of government finance, public debt has the function of raising funds and regulating social resources. The issuance of public bonds in China began in the late Qing Dynasty. Since modern times, the government because of war reparations, the New deal, the need for money is very urgent, so imitation of the West to issue public debt. The earliest bond of our country was the interest loan of 1894. Zhili public debt was the earliest local public debt in our country. In 1905, Zhili province issued Zhili public debt under the auspices of Yuan Shikai, governor of Zhili, because of the shortage of funds for training the Forces nouvelles. The articles of association of the public bonds were prepared in detail, opening the first in history, which had an important influence on the public debt of the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China. Later Hubei government bonds, Anhui government bonds, and subsequent government bonds issued by Zhili province were all affected by them. At the beginning of the Republic of China, Yuan Shikai controlled the Beijing government, and Zhili province was firmly controlled and supplied to the central government. Before the death of Yuan Shikai, Zhili did not issue local government bonds. In 1916, after Yuan Shikai died, warlords fought and regimes changed frequently. During this period, local government power rose, excessive issuance of public debt. Zhili province also issued a large number of public debt in this period, but because of poor credit and other reasons, basically did not achieve its due role. A typical example of this is Zhili's second prosperous public debt, which was originally known as Zhili collated public debt, and plans to collate the public debt of Zhili five times before it was issued. In 1926, Chu Yupu took the post of head of Zhili Province and issued Zhili's good and aftergrowth, short public debt and Zhili's six public bonds, with a large amount of issue and short issuing interval. It can be said that in this period, Zhili government bonds were completely reduced to Chu Yupu's means of collecting military expenditure.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：K258.4

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