本文選題：杞縣 + 建國初期��； 參考：《河南大學》2010年碩士論文

【摘要】： 中華人民共和國建國初期,中國共產(chǎn)黨面臨著與建國前明顯不同的局勢,國家重要的任務(wù)是穩(wěn)定局勢和重建秩序。在新的國家形勢下,土地改革運動也呈現(xiàn)出與建國前幾次土改運動不同的特點。本文以建國初期杞縣土改為個案研究對象,在查閱檔案資料、吸收學術(shù)界研究成果和土改當事人口述資料收集的基礎(chǔ)上,客觀考察了杞縣在土改時期的農(nóng)民、地主、農(nóng)村干部、政府和國家政策等情況,并分析了土改進程中鄉(xiāng)村社會、農(nóng)民、農(nóng)村干部以及政策之間相互影響的微妙關(guān)系。 全文共九部分:第一部分是前言,分析了建國初期杞縣土改的研究價值和進行了土改研究的學術(shù)史回顧。第二部分闡述了建國初期杞縣土改的背景,簡要介紹了杞縣的地理狀況和建國前的歷次土改。建國前杞縣的歷次土改方式激進,隨著形勢發(fā)展時斷時續(xù),發(fā)展的程度也不平衡。第三部分分析了建國初期杞縣土改運動的過程。減租減息、剿匪反霸作為土改運動前準備階段,農(nóng)民并沒有被完全組織起來,民兵作為剿匪反霸主力并且為后來土改做了干部鍛煉和秩序穩(wěn)定的準備。人民法庭成為建國后土改的一個法制亮點。第四部分論述了民眾心理與土改運動的關(guān)系。在建國初期民眾情緒由于土改政策的變動而低落,政府為了調(diào)動農(nóng)民不惜變通中央的土改政策,其間還結(jié)合分析了農(nóng)村社會和農(nóng)民觀念對土改的影響。第五部分研究了杞縣土改中的地主,在建國初期的土改中有的地主并未受到嚴厲批斗甚至有的地主免于批斗,并且有的村莊顯示了斗地主的理性。第六部分研究了土改運動中的基層干部。通過土改運動和整風運動的鍛煉,土改干部基本成為農(nóng)村領(lǐng)導階層。第七部分探討了土地改革復查運動。復查運動是土改必不可少的部分。在復查運動中徹底貫徹土改政策和頒發(fā)土地證,最終確立了農(nóng)民土地所有權(quán)。第八部分是余論,分析并強調(diào)土地改革運動最大的意義不是在于經(jīng)濟上而是在于社會上的變革。
[Abstract]:At the beginning of the founding of the people's Republic of China, the Communist Party of China was faced with a different situation from that before the founding of the people's Republic of China. The important task of the state is to stabilize the situation and rebuild order. In the new national situation, the land reform movement also showed different characteristics from the previous land reform movements. Taking the land reform of Qi County in the early years of the people's Republic of China as a case study object, on the basis of consulting the archives, absorbing the academic research results and collecting the oral data of the land reform parties, this paper objectively investigates the peasants, landlords and rural cadres in Qi County during the period of land reform. The paper also analyzes the subtle relationship among rural society, farmers, rural cadres and policies in the process of land reform. The first part is the preface, which analyzes the research value of the land reform in Qi County in the early years of the founding of the people's Republic of China and reviews the academic history of the land reform research. The second part expounds the background of the land reform in Qi County in the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China, and briefly introduces the geographical situation of Qi County and the previous land reforms before the founding of the people's Republic of China. The land reform of Qi County before the founding of the people's Republic of China was radical, and the degree of development was not balanced with the intermittent development of the situation. The third part analyzes the process of the land reform movement in Qi County in the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China. Rent and interest reduction, suppression of bandits and anti-hegemony as the preparatory stage before the land reform movement, the peasants were not completely organized, the militia acted as the main force to suppress bandits against hegemonism and made preparations for cadre training and stability of order for later land reform. The people's Court became a legal highlight of land reform after the founding of the people's Republic of China. The fourth part discusses the relationship between popular psychology and land reform movement. In the early years of the people's Republic of China, the mood of the people was depressed because of the change of the land reform policy. In order to mobilize the peasants to change the central land reform policy, the government also analyzed the influence of the rural society and the peasant concept on the land reform. The fifth part studies the landlords in the land reform of Qi County. Some landlords did not receive severe criticism or even some landlords were exempted from criticism in the early period of the founding of the people's Republic of China, and some villages showed the rationality of fighting landlords. The sixth part studies the grassroots cadres in the land reform movement. Through the land reform movement and the rectification movement exercise, the land reform cadres basically become the rural leadership class. The seventh part discusses the land reform reexamination movement. Review movement is an essential part of land reform. Carry out the land reform policy and issue land certificate thoroughly in the reexamination movement, finally established the farmer land ownership. The eighth part is the conclusion that the greatest significance of the land reform movement lies not in economy but in social change.
【學位授予單位】：河南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：K27

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