本文選題：民權(quán) + 國權(quán)��； 參考：《社會科學(xué)輯刊》2017年06期

【摘要】："民權(quán)""國權(quán)"是清末民初思想文獻(xiàn)中反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的概念,但人們使用這一對概念時,其所指卻比較復(fù)雜。清末民初思想人士對于"民權(quán)"的使用,或指參政權(quán),或指參政權(quán)與自由權(quán),或指人民的權(quán)力、權(quán)利能力。民國初年,思想界所稱"民權(quán)",其所指一般包括自由權(quán)與參政權(quán)兩個方面,但其重心在參政權(quán)。國民黨大張"民權(quán)"的旗幟,立憲黨人乃大張"國權(quán)"的旗幟以與之抗衡。一般情況下,民國初年的立憲黨人所使用的"民權(quán)"一詞,可能指國民之參政權(quán),也可能指國民之自由權(quán),有時也可能兩者都包括。清末民初人們對"國權(quán)"一詞的使用,比較復(fù)雜,在不同的語境中,其所指有所不同,需要加以細(xì)致的區(qū)分,或指國家權(quán)力,或指主權(quán),或指主權(quán)之某一方面如統(tǒng)治權(quán)、獨立權(quán),或又指政府權(quán)。
[Abstract]:The concept of "civil rights" and "national power" is a concept that appears repeatedly in the ideological literature of the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, but when people use this pair of concepts, their reference is quite complex. The use of civil rights by ideological personages in the late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China refers to the right to participate in political power and freedom, or to the power and ability of the people. In the early years of the Republic of China, the ideological circle referred to "civil rights", which generally included two aspects: freedom and political participation, but its focus was on political participation. The Nationalist Party held the banner of civil rights, and the constitutionalists opposed it to the banner of national power. In general, the term "civil rights" used by constitutionalists in the early years of the Republic of China may refer to the right of citizens to participate in political power, to their right to freedom, and sometimes to both. In the late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China, the use of the term "national power" was quite complicated. In different contexts, the meaning of "national power" was different and needed to be carefully distinguished, either referring to state power or to one aspect of sovereignty, such as sovereignty. Independence, or the power of government.
【作者單位】： 中國社會科學(xué)院近代史研究所;
【分類號】：K252

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