本文選題：南學(xué)會 + 湖南維新運(yùn)動(dòng)��； 參考：《中南大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：甲午戰(zhàn)爭之后,日本以及西方列強(qiáng)對中國虎視眈眈,中國的國家和民族危機(jī)日益加重。在與西方的交往過程中,一些立志于救國救民的仁人志士在對比了東西方政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)制度后,清醒地認(rèn)識到：只有通過變法,向西方學(xué)習(xí)才能拯救中國。同時(shí)由于湖南獨(dú)特的地理環(huán)境和人文環(huán)境,一大批愛國之士聚攏于此,掀起了一場聲勢浩大的拯救民族和國家危亡的維新運(yùn)動(dòng)。 在湖南維新運(yùn)動(dòng)中,南學(xué)會扮演著極為重要的角色。一方面南學(xué)會會員通過自身的經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力和條件參與湖南近代工礦企業(yè)以及政治、教育改革；另一方面通過講演、答問以及在各府廳州縣設(shè)分會,上通督撫,下聯(lián)士紳,積極聯(lián)絡(luò)各地開明士紳,以《湘學(xué)報(bào)》和《湘報(bào)》配合宣傳,廣泛地介紹了西學(xué)和變法思想,犀利地批判了傳統(tǒng)封建思想文化。在其影響下,湖南一系列的新政措施得到了士民的認(rèn)可,促進(jìn)了湖南人的覺醒,極大地推動(dòng)了湖南維新運(yùn)動(dòng)的發(fā)展。 隨著南學(xué)會宣傳的深入和維新運(yùn)動(dòng)的推進(jìn),南學(xué)會受到了頑固派的阻撓和攻擊,維新知識分子奮起反抗,掀起了一場令人矚目的新舊之爭,但由于自身的原因以及一些其他客觀原因,激進(jìn)的維新知識分子敗下陣來,南學(xué)會最終停辦,湖南所有的新政除保衛(wèi)局、礦務(wù)局外一律被取締,湖南維新運(yùn)動(dòng)陷入低潮。維新知識分子通過在湖南的實(shí)踐,為后續(xù)的全國性戊戌變法運(yùn)動(dòng)提供了必要的參照。 湖南維新運(yùn)動(dòng)最后雖然失敗了,但卻給湖南帶來了深刻的變革和思想沖擊,使得湖南在后來的清末新政中得到了較快發(fā)展；維新運(yùn)動(dòng)的失敗也使得一大批士紳和知識分子認(rèn)識到了清政府統(tǒng)治的腐敗和頑固勢力的強(qiáng)大,對隨后湖南自立軍起義產(chǎn)生了直接的影響。
[Abstract]:After the Sino-Japanese War, Japan and Western powers were eyeing China covetously, and China's national and national crisis worsened day by day. In the process of communication with the West, some people who are determined to save the country and save the people, after comparing the political and economic systems of the East and the West, soberly realize that only through reform can we save China from the West. At the same time, because of Hunan's unique geographical environment and humanistic environment, a large number of patriotic people gathered in this area, set off a huge national and national crisis of the reform movement. In the Hunan Reformation Movement, the South Institute played an extremely important role. On the one hand, the members of the South School participated in Hunan's modern industrial and mining enterprises and political and educational reforms through their own economic strength and conditions; on the other hand, through lectures, answers, and branch offices in various prefectures and counties, the Shang Tong Governor and the lower gentry, He actively liaised with the enlightened gentry in various places and, with the cooperation of the "Hunan Journal" and the "Xiangbao", extensively introduced western learning and reform thought, and sharply criticized the traditional feudal ideology and culture. Under its influence, a series of new policy measures in Hunan were recognized by scholars and people, promoted the awakening of Hunan people, and greatly promoted the development of Hunan Reformation Movement. With the deepening of the propaganda of the South Institute and the promotion of the reform movement, the South Institute was obstructed and attacked by the die-hards, and the reformist intellectuals rose up against it and set off a remarkable struggle between the old and the new. However, because of their own reasons and some other objective reasons, the radical reformist intellectuals were defeated, the South Institute was eventually suspended, all the new policies in Hunan except the Bureau of Defense and the Bureau of Mines were banned, and the reform movement in Hunan fell into a low tide. Through the practice in Hunan, the Reformation intellectuals provided the necessary reference for the national Reform Movement of 1898. Although the reform movement of Hunan failed in the end, it brought profound reform and ideological impact to Hunan, which made Hunan develop rapidly in the New deal of the late Qing Dynasty. The failure of the reform movement also made a large number of gentry and intellectuals realize the corruption and the diehard power of the Qing government, which had a direct influence on the uprising of Hunan Independence Army.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：K256.5

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