本文選題：計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì) + 廣西　； 參考：《廣西師范大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì)時(shí)期,廣西的社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)得到了較為快速的發(fā)展,工業(yè)化進(jìn)程開始起步,但是隨之而來(lái)的是水旱災(zāi)害的頻發(fā)及其破壞程度的加劇。這一背景下,如何應(yīng)對(duì)水旱災(zāi)害的嚴(yán)重威脅成為廣西各級(jí)政府施政的重要內(nèi)容之一。這一時(shí)期,廣西水旱的防治工作帶有鮮明的計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì)體制特色。本文擬就計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì)時(shí)期廣西的水旱災(zāi)害為背景,探討廣西在計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì)體制下防災(zāi)救災(zāi)工作的舉措,進(jìn)而總結(jié)其特點(diǎn)與不足,時(shí)間的跨度為1957-1992年。 文章首先概述了計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì)時(shí)期廣西水旱災(zāi)害發(fā)生的概況,在此基礎(chǔ)上,論述了災(zāi)害發(fā)生的自然原因與社會(huì)原因,以及其對(duì)廣西社會(huì)造成的嚴(yán)重創(chuàng)傷與影響。第二章簡(jiǎn)要論述了面對(duì)日益頻發(fā)的水旱災(zāi)害,廣西政府采取的防災(zāi)措施,如推進(jìn)氣象事業(yè)發(fā)展,提高預(yù)報(bào)水平、大力發(fā)展水利設(shè)施建設(shè)以及加強(qiáng)水土保持工作等。第三章重點(diǎn)論述了計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì)時(shí)期廣西的救災(zāi)舉措,主要包括救災(zāi)管理體制的完善,搶救和安置災(zāi)民,組織災(zāi)民生產(chǎn)自救、節(jié)約渡荒,廣泛開展群眾互助互濟(jì)工作以及及時(shí)進(jìn)行國(guó)家救濟(jì)等五個(gè)方面。第四章在前兩章的論述基礎(chǔ)上,深入分析了廣西在計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì)體制下防災(zāi)救災(zāi)工作的特點(diǎn),并總結(jié)其不足。文章認(rèn)為,國(guó)家掌控社會(huì)資源,能夠迅速發(fā)動(dòng)各種力量參與防災(zāi)救災(zāi)是這一時(shí)期廣西防御水旱災(zāi)害的重要特點(diǎn),但是這一時(shí)期突出政治的特點(diǎn)也在一定程度上干擾了防災(zāi)救災(zāi)決策的科學(xué)化,另外救災(zāi)主體與方式單一,救助水平不高也是其面臨的主要問(wèn)題之一,而權(quán)利分配失衡,中央與地方、政府與災(zāi)民間的利益協(xié)調(diào)不足則是這一體制下救災(zāi)工作的深層次矛盾。 水旱災(zāi)害的應(yīng)對(duì),歷來(lái)是地方政府施政內(nèi)容的一個(gè)重要方面。掌握水旱災(zāi)害的發(fā)生規(guī)律,制定及時(shí)有效的應(yīng)對(duì)措施,對(duì)于抗災(zāi)意義重大。廣西生態(tài)環(huán)境本就脆弱,水旱災(zāi)害歷來(lái)是其面對(duì)的主要災(zāi)害,并且在未來(lái)相當(dāng)長(zhǎng)的一段時(shí)間內(nèi)仍然是其要解決的主要問(wèn)題。本文通過(guò)對(duì)計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì)時(shí)期廣西對(duì)水旱災(zāi)害的應(yīng)對(duì)研究,總結(jié)其在同自然災(zāi)害作斗爭(zhēng)過(guò)程中的經(jīng)驗(yàn)和教訓(xùn),希望能對(duì)廣西乃至全國(guó)的災(zāi)害防治工作提供有益的借鑒。
[Abstract]:During the planned economy period, the social economy of Guangxi was developed rapidly, and the industrialization process began to start, but the frequent occurrence of flood and drought disasters and the intensification of the degree of destruction were followed. Under this background, how to deal with the serious threat of flood and drought disaster has become one of the important contents of Guangxi government administration. In this period, Guangxi flood and drought prevention and control work with distinctive characteristics of planned economy system. Based on the background of the flood and drought disasters in Guangxi during the planned economy period, this paper discusses the measures of disaster prevention and relief in Guangxi under the planned economic system, and then summarizes its characteristics and shortcomings. The time span is 1957-1992. This paper first summarizes the general situation of the flood and drought disasters in Guangxi during the planned economy period, and on this basis, discusses the natural and social causes of the disasters, as well as its serious trauma and influence on the Guangxi society. The second chapter briefly discusses the disaster prevention measures taken by Guangxi government in the face of frequent flood and drought disasters, such as promoting meteorological development, improving forecasting level, vigorously developing water conservancy facilities and strengthening soil and water conservation. The third chapter focuses on the planned economic period of Guangxi disaster relief measures, mainly including the improvement of disaster relief management system, rescue and resettlement of disaster victims, organize the production of disaster victims to help themselves, save wasteland, Widely carry out the work of mutual assistance and mutual assistance among the masses and carry out state relief in a timely manner. On the basis of the first two chapters, the fourth chapter deeply analyzes the characteristics of disaster prevention and relief in Guangxi under the planned economy system, and summarizes its shortcomings. The article holds that the control of social resources by the state and the ability to quickly mobilize all kinds of forces to participate in disaster prevention and relief are the important characteristics of preventing floods and drought disasters in Guangxi during this period. However, the prominent political characteristics of this period also interfered with the scientific decision-making of disaster prevention and relief to a certain extent. In addition, the single subject and mode of disaster relief and the low level of relief are also one of the main problems they face, and the distribution of rights is out of balance. Lack of coordination between central and local governments and disaster victims is a deep contradiction in disaster relief work under this system. The response to flood and drought disasters has always been an important aspect of local government administration. It is of great significance to grasp the occurrence law of flood and drought disasters and to formulate timely and effective countermeasures. Guangxi's ecological environment is fragile, flood and drought disaster is always the main disaster, and in the future for a long period of time is still the main problem to be solved. Based on the study of Guangxi's response to flood and drought disasters in the planned economy period, this paper summarizes its experiences and lessons in the process of combating natural disasters, and hopes to provide useful reference for the disaster prevention and control work in Guangxi and even the whole country.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：X43;K27;D632.5

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