發(fā)布時間：2018-05-13 08:03

  本文選題：楊增新 + 軍力��； 參考：《中央民族大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：十月革命后,俄國內(nèi)爆發(fā)了三年內(nèi)戰(zhàn)。大量的白俄潰兵武裝不斷侵犯西北邊境,企圖把新疆變成其給養(yǎng)基地。在這種情況下,白俄、蘇俄、英、日各方勢力對新疆各有企圖。面對各方勢力的博弈,楊增新始終恪守中立政策,采取各種防范措施,避免了新疆卷入俄國內(nèi)戰(zhàn),成為外蒙第二,從而維護(hù)了中國西北邊疆的穩(wěn)定。 自俄國內(nèi)戰(zhàn)以來,竄入新疆的白俄殘兵不下三萬,歷時達(dá)三年之久。楊增新采用對俄不干涉政策,恪守中立,不與其發(fā)生直接的軍事沖突,多采用政治與外交的方式化解危機(jī),這與當(dāng)時新疆的軍力息息相關(guān)。 在中立政策的指導(dǎo)下,面對各方勢力對新疆的唆使企圖,楊增新巧妙動用各種手段,拒絕了白俄臨時政府的拉攏結(jié)盟,回絕了蘇俄政權(quán)謀求派領(lǐng)的要求。同時,積極與英國政府合作,抑制十月革命的影響。此外,楊增新斷然否定了日本密謀派兵入新的計劃。楊增新以國際慣例為依托,恪守中立,拒外兵入新,未雨綢繆,防止各種勢力進(jìn)入新疆,這是保證新疆穩(wěn)定的重要前提。 1918年7月,塔城首先被俄內(nèi)戰(zhàn)波及,隨后各地先后告急,大量白俄殘兵侵入,新疆局勢相當(dāng)嚴(yán)峻。楊增新采取各種措施,一方面命令邊防軍隊嚴(yán)防邊境,對于入境官兵一律沒收軍械,另一方面又令地方官員合理安排食宿,積極與俄新舊雙方進(jìn)行交涉,保證了前一階段新疆局勢的總體穩(wěn)定。對于后一階段,楊增新聯(lián)合蘇聯(lián)紅軍一舉消滅境內(nèi)的白俄殘兵,新疆進(jìn)入到了一個較為穩(wěn)定的事時期。 平定白俄殘兵暴動后,楊增新積極與蘇聯(lián)合作,建立相對平等的經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系,外部環(huán)境得到較大的改善。但楊增新的對內(nèi)統(tǒng)治政策并沒有發(fā)生變化,閉關(guān)自守,無為而治,財政狀況急劇惡化,統(tǒng)治集團(tuán)內(nèi)部矛盾日趨尖銳,潛在的危機(jī)一觸即發(fā)。 楊增新主政新疆17年,治新功過自民國以來一直備受爭議。論其功,大都集于兩點：一,使阿爾泰劃入新疆版圖,免隨外蒙以存亡；二,白俄敗北涌入新疆,能使其解除武裝,地方不受損害,國家未失寸土。楊增新妥善的處理了白俄殘兵竄擾新疆這一事件,這對于以后新疆歷史的發(fā)展產(chǎn)生了重大的意義。
[Abstract]:After the October Revolution, three years of civil war broke out in Russia. A large number of Russian troops repeatedly violated the northwest border, trying to turn Xinjiang into its supply base. Under such circumstances, the forces of Belarus, Russia, Russia, Britain and Japan have their own intentions against Xinjiang. In the face of the game of various forces, Yang Zengxin always adhered to the neutral policy, took all kinds of preventive measures, avoided Xinjiang from getting involved in the Russian civil war, became the second in Outer Mongolia, and thus maintained the stability of the northwest frontier of China. Since the Russian civil war, the number of white-Russian soldiers in Xinjiang has been no less than 30, 000, and lasted for three years. Yang Zengxin adopted the policy of non-interference with Russia, adhered to the neutrality, did not have direct military conflicts with it, and mostly used political and diplomatic methods to resolve the crisis, which was closely related to the military strength of Xinjiang at that time. Under the guidance of the neutral policy, in the face of the instigation attempts of various forces to Xinjiang, Yang Zengxin skillfully used various means to reject the alliance of the white Russian interim government, and rejected the request of the Soviet regime to seek the party. At the same time, actively cooperate with the British Government to curb the impact of the October Revolution. In addition, Yang Zengxin flatly rejected the Japanese conspiracy to send troops into the new plan. Relying on international practice, Yang Zengxin strictly abides by neutrality, refuses foreign troops to enter Xinjiang, makes good plans ahead of time, and prevents various forces from entering Xinjiang, which is an important prerequisite for ensuring Xinjiang's stability. In July 1918, Tacheng was first affected by the Russian civil war. Yang Zengxin took various measures. On the one hand, he ordered the border defense troops to strictly guard against the border, confiscating ordnance for all officers and soldiers entering the country, and on the other hand, made local officials reasonably arrange food and accommodation and actively negotiate with both sides of Russia, both old and new. This has ensured the overall stability of the situation in Xinjiang during the previous period. In the latter stage, Yang Zengxin, together with the Red Army of the Soviet Union, wiped out the remaining white and Russian troops in one fell swoop, and Xinjiang entered a relatively stable period. After the riots, Yang Zengxin actively cooperated with the Soviet Union to establish relatively equal economic and trade relations, and the external environment was greatly improved. However, Yang Zengxin's internal governance policy has not changed, closing the door, doing nothing to govern, the financial situation has deteriorated sharply, the internal contradictions of the ruling group are becoming increasingly sharp, and the potential crisis is imminent. Yang Zengxin took power in Xinjiang for 17 years and has been controversial since the Republic of China. Most of its achievements are focused on two points: one is to draw Altai into the territory of Xinjiang so as not to live or die with outer Mongolia; second, the defeat of Belarus into Xinjiang can disarm it, and the place will not be damaged, and the country will not lose an inch of land. Yang Zengxin properly dealt with the incident of the white Russian army stalking Xinjiang, which is of great significance to the historical development of Xinjiang.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中央民族大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：K258

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