發(fā)布時間：2018-05-08 19:33

  本文選題：蔭昌 + 袁世凱��； 參考：《中國國家博物館館刊》2017年11期

【摘要】：辛亥武昌起事后,清廷迅派陸軍大臣蔭昌南下督師,鎮(zhèn)壓革命。通過考察陸軍大臣蔭昌南下行程,可知從1911年10月17日夜抵達信陽到10月22日抵達孝感,蔭昌耽擱了近5天之久;從10月22抵達孝感到10月27日黎明令清軍進攻,蔭昌又耽擱了近5天之久。其行動可謂"一波三折":先"踴躍前行",既而"遲遲不發(fā)",最終"固布守局"。蔭昌之所以如此,并非因為北洋軍不聽其命令,也不是他顢頇畏戰(zhàn)。而是10月18日清軍與革命軍首戰(zhàn)失利,令蔭昌意識到,對付革命軍并非易如反掌。因此,蔭昌一方面要求調(diào)用大炮、機關(guān)槍等武器,一方面則贊同袁世凱提出的"固布守局"戰(zhàn)略。早在10月21日,在盛宣懷、載澤的幕后推動下,清廷就已決定調(diào)回蔭昌,予以袁世凱軍事全權(quán),目的則是令袁世凱迅速南下。之所以如此,是因為盛宣懷等人主張"速剿",對蔭昌在信陽"遲遲未發(fā)"十分不滿。同時,朝野內(nèi)外,因"事權(quán)不一"之危害,紛紛要求清廷調(diào)回蔭昌。這也是清廷決定調(diào)回蔭昌的重要原因。
[Abstract]:Xinhai Wuchang hindsight, the Qing Dynasty sent Minister of the Army Yanchang South Governor Division, the suppression of the revolution. On his trip to the south of Yin-chang, the Secretary of State of the Army, we can see that from the night of 17 October 1911 to the arrival of Xiaogan on October 22, Yanchang was delayed for nearly five days; from the arrival of Xiaogan on October 22 to the early dawn of October 27, the Qing Dynasty ordered the Qing army to attack. Yanchang was delayed for nearly five days. Its actions can be described as "twists and turns": first "enthusiastically forward", and then "delayed", finally "fixed bureau." Yanchang did not do this because the Northern Rebellion did not listen to his orders, nor did he dread war. It was October 18 th, when the Qing army and the revolutionary army lost the first battle, making Yanchang realize that it was not easy to deal with the revolutionary army. Therefore, Yanchang on the one hand requires the use of artillery, machine guns and other weapons, on the other hand, agreed with Yuan Shikai's "fixed distribution and guard bureau" strategy. As early as October 21, under the impetus of Sheng Xuanhuai and Zaize, the Qing government had decided to send back Yin-chang and give Yuan Shikai military full powers, in order to make Yuan Shikai go southward quickly. This is because Sheng Xuanghuai and others advocate "quick suppression" and are very dissatisfied with Yanchang's "delay" in Xinyang. At the same time, both inside and outside, because of the harm of "different powers", one after another called for the Qing Dynasty to return to Yanchang. This is also an important reason for the Qing government's decision to return to Yanchang.
【作者單位】： 北京大學歷史學系;
【分類號】：K25

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