本文選題：中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨 + 三民主義��； 參考：《東北師范大學(xué)》2012年博士論文

【摘要】：三民主義，即民族主義、民權(quán)主義和民生主義。它是孫中山政治思想的主體和精華，是他在繼承中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化的基礎(chǔ)上，吸取西方資本主義政治制度而形成的思想體系。本文主要論述了1924年國(guó)民黨“一大”至1949年中華人民共和國(guó)建立的20余年間，中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨在不同時(shí)期在對(duì)待三民主義問(wèn)題上，政策的不斷演變和理論發(fā)展。全文概括如下： 第一章：1920年共產(chǎn)國(guó)際“二大”后，隨著共產(chǎn)國(guó)際東方戰(zhàn)略的逐漸形成及其在中國(guó)的實(shí)施，使得中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨改變了對(duì)三民主義排斥的態(tài)度，幫助國(guó)民黨改組，與其建立了合作關(guān)系。而且，在共產(chǎn)國(guó)際和共產(chǎn)黨的幫助下，孫中山重新解釋了三民主義，將舊三民主義發(fā)展為新三民主義，并且成為了國(guó)共合作的政治基礎(chǔ)。1925年3月12日，孫中山逝世后，各派之間的矛盾開始激化，斗爭(zhēng)也更加激烈，反共的戴季陶主義應(yīng)運(yùn)而生，中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨在第一時(shí)間對(duì)戴季陶主義進(jìn)行了批判，國(guó)共展開了一場(chǎng)關(guān)于三民主義的論爭(zhēng)。在這場(chǎng)論戰(zhàn)過(guò)程中，共產(chǎn)黨對(duì)三民主義有了擺脫的趨勢(shì)，開始用馬克思主義理論來(lái)言說(shuō)三民主義。 第二章：國(guó)民革命失敗后，三民主義成為了國(guó)民黨內(nèi)部各派別進(jìn)行政治斗爭(zhēng)的有力武器，，他們?yōu)榱烁髯缘恼文康�，不同程度的利用了三民主義的不確定性等不足，任意篡改三民主義理論為己所用，從而使得國(guó)民黨內(nèi)部出現(xiàn)了各種版本的“三民主義”。從共產(chǎn)黨方面來(lái)講，由于蔣介石、汪精衛(wèi)對(duì)“聯(lián)俄、聯(lián)共和扶助農(nóng)工”三大政策的破壞，開始丟開三民主義，對(duì)三民主義采取了否定批判的態(tài)度。1935年華北事變后，民族危機(jī)愈發(fā)嚴(yán)重，為了停止內(nèi)戰(zhàn)、一致抗日，一直在積極尋找能夠聯(lián)合各種政治力量的政治資源的中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨，在共產(chǎn)國(guó)際“七大”的指導(dǎo)下，再次高高舉起了三民主義大旗。 第三章：1931年，“九·一八事變”后，國(guó)家民族危亡之際，三民主義再次被提上歷史的舞臺(tái)，在中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨和國(guó)民黨內(nèi)部民主人士和愛國(guó)將領(lǐng)的共同努力下，1937年，經(jīng)歷了十年對(duì)峙時(shí)期的國(guó)共兩黨以三民主義為橋梁再次合作，建立起抗日民族統(tǒng)一戰(zhàn)線。但是，由于統(tǒng)一戰(zhàn)線外汪精衛(wèi)的偽三民主義，統(tǒng)一戰(zhàn)線內(nèi)部蔣介石集團(tuán)“溶共、防共、限共、反共”方針的確定及其法西斯化的三民主義、葉青的三民主義等對(duì)共產(chǎn)主義和共產(chǎn)黨的攻擊，國(guó)共在抗戰(zhàn)時(shí)期掀起了一場(chǎng)激烈的三民主義論戰(zhàn)，這場(chǎng)論戰(zhàn)使共產(chǎn)黨人對(duì)三民主義有了更深一步的研究，革命理論日趨成熟，最終形成了新民主主義理論。抗戰(zhàn)時(shí)期，為了在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)勝利之后建立一個(gè)新中國(guó)，共產(chǎn)黨提出了三民主義共和國(guó)的構(gòu)想，但最終沒有被國(guó)民黨方面所接受。 第四章：抗戰(zhàn)勝利之初，建立三民主義共和國(guó)的構(gòu)想，通過(guò)重慶談判和政治協(xié)商會(huì)議得到了各黨派的認(rèn)可和共識(shí)，但是好景不長(zhǎng)，由于1946年6月全面內(nèi)戰(zhàn)的爆發(fā)，這兩次建國(guó)的初步嘗試最終破產(chǎn)。在合作建立三民主義國(guó)家實(shí)現(xiàn)無(wú)望的形勢(shì)下，中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨于是改變了建國(guó)方略，由新民主主義共和國(guó)取代了三民主義共和國(guó)。而且，由于國(guó)共力量的對(duì)比，二戰(zhàn)后國(guó)際時(shí)局的變化等原因，抗戰(zhàn)勝利之后，共產(chǎn)黨開始很少言及三大政策。內(nèi)戰(zhàn)爆發(fā)后，中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨先后制定和提出了《中國(guó)土地法大綱》和新民主主義革命的三大經(jīng)濟(jì)綱領(lǐng)，開始在實(shí)際行動(dòng)中全面實(shí)現(xiàn)孫中山三民主義的理想。
[Abstract]:The three people's doctrine, namely nationalism, civil rights and people's livelihood, is the main body and essence of Sun Zhongshan's political thought. He is the ideological system which he has formed on the basis of inheriting the traditional Chinese culture and absorbing western capitalist political system. This article mainly discusses the establishment of the "one big" of the Kuomintang in the 1924 to People's Republic of China in 1949. Over the past 20 years, the CPC's policy evolution and theoretical development have been summarized in the following three stages:
Chapter one: after the "two major" of the Communist International in 1920, with the gradual formation of the eastern strategy of the Communist International and its implementation in China, the Communist Party of China changed the attitude to the exclusion of the three people's principles, helped the Kuomintang reorganize, and established a cooperative relationship with it. And, with the help of the Communist International and the Communist Party, Sun Zhongshan reinterpreted it. The three people's doctrine developed the old three people's principles into the new three people's principles, and became the political basis for the cooperation of the Kuomintang and the Communist Party of China in March 12th. After Sun Zhongshan's death, the contradictions between the various schools began to intensify and the struggle was more intense. The anti Communist Dai Ji Tao came into being, and the Communist Party of China criticized Dai Ji Tao at the first time, and the Kuomintang Communist Party was criticized. The Communist Party of China was criticized by the Communist Party in the first time. The Communist Party of China was criticized by the Communist Party of China. In this debate, the Communist Party had a tendency to get rid of the three people's principles and began to talk about the three people's principles with the theory of Marx.
The second chapter: after the failure of the national revolution, the three people's principles became a powerful weapon in the political struggle of the various factions within the Kuomintang. For their respective political purposes, they made use of the indeterminacy of the three people's principles in different degrees, and arbitrarily tampered with the theory of the three people's principles for their own use, thus making various versions of the Kuomintang's internal versions. In terms of the Communist Party, Jiang Jieshi and Wang Jingwei, because of the destruction of the three policies of "United Russia, the United States and the help of agricultural workers", began to throw away the three people's principles and have taken a negative and critical attitude towards the three people's principles in the North China incident of.1935, the national crisis became more and more serious. In order to stop the civil war and resist Japan, it has been active. The Communist Party of China, which is able to combine the political resources of various political forces, has once again raised the banner of the three people's principles under the guidance of the "Seventh National Congress of the Communist International".
The third chapter: in 1931, after the September 18th Incident, when the nation was in danger of peril, the three people's principles were put on the stage of history again. Under the joint efforts of the Communist Party of China and the democratic personages within the Kuomintang and the patriotic generals, in 1937, the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, who experienced ten years of confrontation, CO operated with the three people's principles and established the Anti Japanese war. However, because of Wang Jingwei's pseudo three people's principles outside the United Front, the policy of "dissolving communism, preventing communism, limiting communism, anti communism" and the Fascism of the three people's principles in the United Front, and the attack by Ye Qing's three people's principles on communism and the Communist Party, the Kuomintang and the Communist Party set off a fierce three in the period of the war of resistance. The debate of the people's doctrine led the Communists to have a deeper study of the three people's principles, and the theory of the revolution became mature and finally formed a new democratic theory. In the period of the war of resistance against war, in order to establish a new China after the victory of the war, the Communist Party proposed the concept of the three people's principle of the Communist Party and the state, but eventually it was not accepted by the Kuomintang. Accept.
The fourth chapter: at the beginning of the victory of the war of resistance, the idea of the establishment of the three people's Republic was established. Through the Chongqing negotiations and the Political Consultative Conference, the parties' recognition and consensus were obtained, but it was not long enough. Because of the outbreak of a comprehensive civil war in June 1946, the initial attempts of the two founding of the people's Republic were finally bankrupt. The Communist Party of China changed the plan of the founding of the people's Republic of China and replaced the three people's Republic by the New Democratic Republic. Moreover, after the victory of the war of resistance against the war, the Communist Party began to say three major policies. After the outbreak of the internal war, the Communist Party of China made and put forward the "middle" after the outbreak of the internal war. The outline of the land and land and the three major economic programs of the new democratic revolution began to fully realize the ideal of Sun Zhongshan's three people's principles in practical action.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：K26;D693.0

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