本文選題：山西水稻 + 技術(shù)革新��； 參考：《山東大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：山西稻作栽培歷史悠久,最早可溯源到春秋時期,但受自然地理環(huán)境的制約,種植范圍始終有限,主要集中于泉涌與河谷地帶。明清時期,山西水資源漸趨貧乏,而需水量極大的水稻的種植范圍竟得以擴大,這既與政府政策的引導(dǎo)有關(guān),也與山西人口不斷增多的現(xiàn)實有相當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)聯(lián)。水稻種植范圍的擴展,客觀上更加劇了水資源的緊張程度。近代以來,由于戰(zhàn)爭、市場、政策等各種因素扭結(jié)在一起,使得山西水稻的種植范圍呈現(xiàn)出很大的波動性。 隨著種植技術(shù)的不斷改進(jìn),水稻的產(chǎn)量在緩慢提高,同時也表現(xiàn)出很大的波動性,一方面,傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)驗的積累以及稻作技術(shù)的不斷改良促使水稻畝產(chǎn)出現(xiàn)緩慢提高的狀況；另一方面,受生態(tài)環(huán)境、市場以及國家政策等因素的影響,水稻產(chǎn)量又呈現(xiàn)很大的不穩(wěn)定性。 稻谷的供銷也是人們特別關(guān)心的議題,尤其是新中國成立后,國家實行計劃經(jīng)濟體制,山西稻谷的供應(yīng)范圍狹窄,稻谷價格波動很小,遠(yuǎn)未與市場的供求關(guān)系掛鉤。改革開放后,隨著計劃經(jīng)濟向市場經(jīng)濟體制的轉(zhuǎn)變,稻谷的供銷和價格開始反映市場的供求狀況,逐漸與市場掛鉤。 談到山西水稻,對晉祠稻的研究成為我們無法回避的問題。作為山西稻作的杰出代表,晉祠稻不僅色香味俱全,而且產(chǎn)量大,一度成為華北地區(qū)水稻種植史上一顆璀璨的明珠。但是隨著國家工業(yè)化和城鎮(zhèn)化的逐步推進(jìn),晉祠稻的發(fā)展也開始面臨嚴(yán)峻的挑戰(zhàn),表現(xiàn)為種植面積不斷縮減和缺乏穩(wěn)定的水源保障。因而如何破解晉祠稻發(fā)展面臨的困局,成為我們必須思考的一個問題。
[Abstract]:Shanxi has a long history of rice cultivation, which can be traced back to the Spring and Autumn period, but restricted by the natural geographical environment, the planting range is always limited, mainly concentrated in Quanyong and the valley area. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, the water resources of Shanxi gradually became poor, and the growing range of rice with great water demand was expanded, which was related to the guidance of the government policy and the reality of the increasing population in Shanxi. The expansion of rice planting range objectively intensifies the water resources. Since modern times, due to the war, market, policy and other factors kink together, Shanxi rice planting range presents great volatility. With the continuous improvement of planting technology, the yield of rice is increasing slowly, but also showing great volatility. On the one hand, the accumulation of traditional agricultural experience and the continuous improvement of rice planting technology promote the slow increase of rice yield per mu; On the other hand, due to the influence of ecological environment, market and national policy, rice yield presents great instability. The supply and marketing of rice is also a topic of special concern, especially after the founding of New China, the state implements the planned economy system, the supply range of Shanxi rice is narrow, the price fluctuation of rice is very small, and it is far from the relation between supply and demand in the market. After reform and opening up, with the transition from planned economy to market economy, the supply and marketing of rice and the price of rice began to reflect the supply and demand of the market and gradually linked to the market. Talking about Shanxi rice, the research of Jinci rice has become an unavoidable problem. As an outstanding representative of Shanxi rice cultivation, Jinci rice is not only full of color, fragrance and yield, but also has become a bright pearl in the history of rice planting in North China. However, with the development of industrialization and urbanization in China, the development of Jinci rice is also facing severe challenges, such as the continuous reduction of planting area and the lack of stable water source protection. Therefore, how to solve the difficulties in the development of Jinci rice has become a problem that we must think about.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：K25;S511

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