本文選題：重慶利濟(jì)財(cái)團(tuán) + 組建原因�。� 參考：《西南大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：重慶利濟(jì)財(cái)團(tuán)成立于1937年1月,1939年8月1日結(jié)束,歷時(shí)兩年零七個(gè)月。其由川鹽銀行、美豐銀行、川康殖業(yè)銀行、重慶銀行、四川商業(yè)銀行、江海銀行、四川省銀行等重慶七家銀行組建而成。財(cái)團(tuán)的組建與當(dāng)時(shí)四川所開展的禁煙運(yùn)動(dòng)息息相關(guān),其實(shí)質(zhì)是重慶金融業(yè)為配合四川省政府所實(shí)行的煙土統(tǒng)制政策,而由七家銀行所臨時(shí)組成的金融聯(lián)盟。以往學(xué)術(shù)界對(duì)于該財(cái)團(tuán)的研究相對(duì)較少,本文根據(jù)已掌握的材料,意圖重新對(duì)此問題加以探討,以期有所突破。利濟(jì)財(cái)團(tuán)的組建是一種時(shí)代的產(chǎn)物,它的組建與1935年四川省政府迫于國(guó)民政府壓力厲行禁煙有著莫大的關(guān)聯(lián)。而1937年四川省政府迫于財(cái)政困境,一改寓禁于征的禁煙政策為煙土統(tǒng)制,意圖獲取巨額利益,卻苦于統(tǒng)制資金無著,不得已求助于重慶金融界,是為財(cái)團(tuán)產(chǎn)生的直接動(dòng)因。從利濟(jì)財(cái)團(tuán)各成員行同政府的關(guān)系考量,利濟(jì)財(cái)團(tuán)得以組建的原因,除了巨大的獲利前景外,另一方面則主要得益于長(zhǎng)久以來各行與四川政府間各種錯(cuò)綜復(fù)雜的利益關(guān)系。就財(cái)團(tuán)的運(yùn)行而言,重慶利濟(jì)財(cái)團(tuán)作為四川煙土統(tǒng)制體系的重要一環(huán),它通過開立期票、墊付款項(xiàng)、提供貸款等方式,對(duì)保障該體系的順利運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)揮了重要作用。而在實(shí)際運(yùn)行過程中,由于財(cái)團(tuán)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人基于以往與四川省政府合作進(jìn)行煙土貿(mào)易的經(jīng)驗(yàn)以及感情等方面的考量,盲目樂觀,對(duì)于可能潛在的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)估計(jì)不足。導(dǎo)致財(cái)團(tuán)運(yùn)行逐漸出現(xiàn)偏差,墊款日多,危機(jī)開始顯現(xiàn)�？箲�(zhàn)爆發(fā)后,各行在艱難渡過七底比期之后,財(cái)團(tuán)無力兌付財(cái)團(tuán)所立七底期票,“重慶利濟(jì)財(cái)團(tuán)風(fēng)潮”爆發(fā),提存風(fēng)起,受此“重慶利濟(jì)財(cái)團(tuán)風(fēng)潮”影響“重慶公債風(fēng)潮”爆發(fā),重慶金融界陷于絕境。而后在劉航琛等人以及國(guó)民政府、四川省政府等的大力救濟(jì)下,風(fēng)潮得以平息。風(fēng)潮平息后圍繞著財(cái)團(tuán)未兌期票、墊款等問題,利濟(jì)財(cái)團(tuán)、四川省財(cái)政廳、禁煙總局等經(jīng)過協(xié)商,通過發(fā)放煙土實(shí)物,由各行白行銷售,撥付款項(xiàng)等方式加以解決。就重慶利濟(jì)財(cái)團(tuán)的影響而言,一方面“重慶利濟(jì)財(cái)團(tuán)風(fēng)潮”及“重慶公債風(fēng)潮”的爆發(fā)促使重慶金融格局發(fā)生變化。另一方面,它推動(dòng)了四川禁煙控權(quán)由四川省政府向國(guó)民政府的轉(zhuǎn)移。此外,利濟(jì)財(cái)團(tuán)配合四川省禁煙局實(shí)施煙土統(tǒng)制,實(shí)質(zhì)上是重慶金融業(yè)與二十一軍、四川省政府長(zhǎng)期合作的延續(xù),通過對(duì)它的研究不僅有助于我們對(duì)民國(guó)時(shí)期重慶地區(qū)金融業(yè)與政府之間的關(guān)系有所了解,亦可對(duì)于現(xiàn)在我們?nèi)绾翁幚砥髽I(yè)與政府間的關(guān)系提供借鑒。
[Abstract]:Chongqing Liji consortium was founded in January, 1937, and ended on August 1, 1939, lasting two years and seven months. It is set up by seven banks including Sichuan Salt Bank, Meifeng Bank, Chuankangge Bank, Chongqing Bank, Sichuan Commercial Bank, Jianghai Bank, Sichuan Bank of Sichuan, etc. The formation of consortia is closely related to the anti-smoking movement carried out in Sichuan at that time. The essence of the consortia is a financial alliance formed temporarily by seven banks in order to cooperate with the tobacco and soil control policy carried out by the Sichuan Provincial Government. In the past, there were relatively few studies on the consortium in academic circles. According to the materials we have mastered, this paper intends to discuss this problem again in order to make a breakthrough. The formation of Liji consortia is a product of the times, and its formation is greatly related to the suppression of smoking by the Sichuan Provincial Government in 1935 under the pressure of the National Government. In 1937, the Sichuan provincial government forced by the financial difficulties, changed the ban on smoking policy to the tobacco and soil control, with the intention to obtain a huge amount of benefits, but suffered from the control of funds, and had to resort to the financial circles of Chongqing, which was the direct cause for the consortia to produce. Considering the relationship between the members of the Liji consortium and the government, apart from the huge profit prospects, the main reason for the formation of the Liji consortium is mainly due to various complicated interests between the banks and the Sichuan government for a long time. As far as the operation of consortia is concerned, as an important part of Sichuan tobacco and soil control system, Chongqing Liji consortium has played an important role in ensuring the smooth operation of the system by issuing promissory notes, making advances and providing loans. However, in the actual operation process, the leaders of the consortium are blindly optimistic and underestimate the potential risks due to the past experience and feelings of cooperating with the Sichuan Provincial Government in carrying out tobacco and soil trade. As a result of the running of the consortium gradually deviated, more and more advances, the crisis began to appear. After the outbreak of the War of Resistance against Japan, after the banks had been struggling through the seven-tiered period, the consortia were unable to pay the seven-floor promissory notes set up by the consortia. The "Chongqing Liji consortium storm" broke out, and the collection of funds started. Affected by the "Chongqing Liji consortia", "Chongqing government bond storm" broke out, Chongqing financial sector is in a desperate situation. Then Liu Hangchen and other people, as well as the National Government, Sichuan Provincial Government and other relief, the tide was quelled. After the tide subsided, the problems surrounding the consortia 'outstanding promissory notes and advances, such as the Liji consortia, the Sichuan Provincial Finance Department, the General Administration of Non-smoking, etc., were settled by way of distribution of tobacco and soil materials through sales and disbursement of funds by various white banks. As far as the influence of Chongqing Liji consortia is concerned, on the one hand, the breakout of "Chongqing Liji consortium" and "Chongqing government bonds" make the financial structure of Chongqing change. On the other hand, it promoted the transfer of smoking control power from Sichuan provincial government to national government. In addition, the Liji consortium cooperated with the Sichuan Anti-Tobacco Bureau to implement the tobacco and soil control system, which is essentially a continuation of the long-term cooperation between Chongqing's financial industry and the 21 Army and the Sichuan Provincial Government. The study not only helps us understand the relationship between finance and government in Chongqing during the Republic of China, but also provides a reference for us to deal with the relationship between enterprises and government.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：F832.9;K265

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