民國時(shí)期北京人力車夫生活研究(1912—1937)
本文選題:北京人力車夫 + 生活; 參考:《河北大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文
【摘要】:在北京現(xiàn)代交通工具還沒有普及的時(shí)候,人力車為市民的便利出行做出了巨大的貢獻(xiàn),是北京街頭巷口的一道獨(dú)特風(fēng)景線。當(dāng)時(shí)人力車業(yè)發(fā)展迅速,車夫群體隨之壯大,不少北京市民加入了拉車的隊(duì)伍,還有一些近郊農(nóng)民也參與進(jìn)來。人力車夫的工作環(huán)境糟糕,且每日收入難以與付出成正比。微薄的收入給他們?cè)斐闪司薮蟮纳顗毫?嚴(yán)重拉低了他們的家庭生活水準(zhǔn),甚至有不少人過不上正常的家庭生活。沉重的生活負(fù)擔(dān),加之職業(yè)病頻發(fā),使車夫們?cè)噲D尋找一些方式消遣以解苦悶,然而他們的經(jīng)濟(jì)支付能力又不允許其過度消費(fèi)。為了盡可能多的獲得消遣資本,一些車夫難免會(huì)通過非常手段獲取。引人注目的是,車夫的政治態(tài)度開始明朗起來。隨著新式交通工具的不斷引進(jìn),分流了一部分人力車夫的客源,這就使車夫的生活更加不堪,加上對(duì)當(dāng)局管理不滿的增加,他們逐漸傾向于代表勞苦大眾的共產(chǎn)黨。車夫在與共產(chǎn)黨的互動(dòng)中開始有思想上的靠攏,甚至有些車夫隨著思想的升華直接加入到黨組織之中。值得一提的是,終日奔跑在大街小巷的車夫,從側(cè)面潛移默化地影響北京城市現(xiàn)代化的發(fā)展。通過客觀公正地還原生活場景,既能加深對(duì)民國時(shí)期北京人力車夫這樣群體的客觀認(rèn)識(shí),也能管窺當(dāng)時(shí)北京的下層社會(huì)的具體細(xì)節(jié),還有利于全面了解北京城市化的進(jìn)程。
[Abstract]:At a time when modern transportation in Beijing has not been popularized, rickshaw has made a great contribution to the convenience of travel, and it is a unique scenic spot at the entrance of Beijing street lane.At that time, the rickshaw industry developed rapidly, and the group of rickshaw drivers grew. Many Beijing residents joined the rickshaw pullers, and some suburban farmers also joined in.Rickshaw drivers work in poor working conditions, and their daily income is hard to match their pay.The meagre income has caused great living pressure to them, has seriously lowered their family standard of living, even many people cannot lead the normal family life.The heavy burden of living, combined with the frequent occurrence of occupational diseases, makes rickshaw drivers try to find ways to relieve their distress, but their financial ability to pay does not allow them to overspend.In order to obtain as much recreational capital as possible, some rickshaws will inevitably obtain it by extraordinary means.Remarkably, the political attitude of the coachman began to become clear.With the introduction of new modes of transport, a portion of the patronage of rickshaw drivers was diverted, which made their lives even worse, and, coupled with an increase in dissatisfaction with the management of the authorities, they gradually tended to the Communist Party, which represented the labouring masses.In the interaction with the Communist Party, the rickshaw began to have a close thought, and some rickshaws even joined the Party organization directly with the sublimation of their ideas.It is worth mentioning that the drivers running all day long in the streets and alleys have a subtle influence on the development of Beijing's urban modernization.Through the objective and fair restoration of the life scene, not only can we deepen the objective understanding of such groups as the Beijing rickshaw drivers in the period of the Republic of China, but also get a glimpse of the specific details of the lower class in Beijing at that time, and it is also conducive to an overall understanding of the process of Beijing's urbanization.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:河北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2017
【分類號(hào)】:K258
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