本文選題：官報(bào) + 民報(bào)　； 參考：《江西師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：晚清報(bào)紙的出現(xiàn)與興盛,見(jiàn)證了近代早期政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)變遷各方面的內(nèi)容。早期具有新思想的知識(shí)份子大量投身于地方報(bào)紙的創(chuàng)辦或撰稿工作中。以這些報(bào)紙為媒介,當(dāng)時(shí)的新思想、新意識(shí)得以傳播,這在很大程度上促進(jìn)了晚清經(jīng)濟(jì)、政治上的諸多方面變革,從而引起整個(gè)社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)的連鎖反應(yīng)。晚清報(bào)紙?jiān)谂d盛的同時(shí),也呈現(xiàn)出鮮明的地域化特色。本文以安徽地方報(bào)紙為中心,揭示當(dāng)時(shí)安徽地方報(bào)紙所呈現(xiàn)的特點(diǎn),其與晚清新政、革命的關(guān)系等問(wèn)題,從另一個(gè)側(cè)面理解晚清新政及革命在地方社會(huì)中具體表象。清末官報(bào),是一種由清政府各級(jí)部門主辦的官方報(bào)刊。它服務(wù)于清王朝的統(tǒng)治需要,是清王朝傳遞思想、方針、政策的形象代言人,也是清末新政口號(hào)下的附屬產(chǎn)物。清官方辦理的官報(bào)來(lái)源于傳統(tǒng)中國(guó)的官報(bào),但又自己的特點(diǎn)。其在收錄大量政府公文同時(shí),也包含有大量的時(shí)政論文、調(diào)查報(bào)告、科普文章等五花八門的內(nèi)容,可以透射出晚清新政中地方社會(huì)具體運(yùn)作情況。與官報(bào)相比,清末安徽地方非官方報(bào)紙呈現(xiàn)出多元的辦報(bào)模式,內(nèi)容更加豐富,大體上形成了安慶、蕪湖兩個(gè)辦報(bào)中心。其辦報(bào)人、辦報(bào)活動(dòng)、辦報(bào)思想與上海關(guān)系密切。但并未出現(xiàn)財(cái)團(tuán)、學(xué)會(huì)、政黨等社會(huì)組織辦起來(lái)的報(bào)紙,往往是一群新式知識(shí)分子臨時(shí)聯(lián)合起來(lái)維持報(bào)館的運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn),存在的壽命都較短,在很多方面都不太規(guī)范。其所含內(nèi)容就更為廣泛,既有對(duì)西方新思想、新制度的引介,也有對(duì)于時(shí)局的看法,同時(shí)也不乏對(duì)當(dāng)局的批評(píng)或贊揚(yáng),甚至在改造國(guó)民性、移風(fēng)易俗方面亦有所涉及,可謂紛繁復(fù)雜。本文則主要針對(duì)上述兩類報(bào)紙中涉及新政與革命的內(nèi)容時(shí)行研究。面對(duì)內(nèi)憂外患的時(shí)局,安徽地方各類報(bào)紙都有所回應(yīng)。在《安徽官報(bào)》中,雖然絕大多數(shù)是官方文件的匯編,但從中依然可以看出新政推行的困難,新式學(xué)堂廣泛開辦和各級(jí)官員對(duì)新政的理解。而《安徽俗話報(bào)》、《安徽白話報(bào)》、《安徽通俗公報(bào)》等非官方報(bào)紙,則呈現(xiàn)出一種具有獨(dú)立性格,主張改良,力主普及教育,為民眾增進(jìn)知識(shí)的特點(diǎn),在宣傳新知識(shí)、普及教育的方面做了大量的工作,但能否認(rèn)定為“革命”報(bào)紙,則值得商榷。本文最后通過(guò)對(duì)《安徽俗話報(bào)》、《安徽白話報(bào)》、《安徽通俗公報(bào)》三報(bào)有關(guān)清末安徽路礦事件的報(bào)道和分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)三報(bào)的愛(ài)國(guó)熱情很高,也不畏懼清政府的壓力敢于大膽揭露黑暗面。但也暴露了以《安徽俗話報(bào)》、《安徽白話報(bào)》、《安徽通俗公報(bào)》為代表的安徽?qǐng)?bào)紙的缺陷,即沒(méi)有自己的專屬記者因而無(wú)法獲知詳細(xì)和細(xì)節(jié)性的新聞,大量?jī)?nèi)容屬于轉(zhuǎn)載或道聽途說(shuō),或因與紳商階層保持距離,因而無(wú)法有深刻的經(jīng)濟(jì)報(bào)道和經(jīng)濟(jì)分析,主觀性較強(qiáng)。
[Abstract]:The emergence and prosperity of newspapers in the late Qing Dynasty witnessed the political, economic and social changes in the early modern times.Early intellectuals with new ideas were heavily involved in the creation or writing of local newspapers.With these newspapers as the medium, the new ideas and new consciousness were spread, which to a great extent promoted the economic and political changes in the late Qing Dynasty, thus causing the chain reaction of the whole social structure.Newspapers in the late Qing Dynasty flourished, but also showed distinct regional characteristics.Taking Anhui local newspapers as the center, this paper reveals the characteristics of Anhui local newspapers at that time, the relationship between them and the new policies of the late Qing Dynasty, the revolution, and so on, so as to understand the concrete appearance of the late Qing New deal and the revolution in the local society from the other side.The official newspaper of late Qing Dynasty is an official newspaper sponsored by all levels of Qing government.It serves the ruling needs of the Qing Dynasty and is the image spokesman of the Qing Dynasty transmitting ideas, principles and policies, as well as a subsidiary product under the slogan of the New deal in the late Qing Dynasty.The official newspapers of the Qing Dynasty originated from the traditional Chinese official newspapers, but their own characteristics.In the collection of a large number of government documents, but also contains a large number of current political papers, investigation reports, popular science articles and other diverse content, can be transmitted in the late Qing Dynasty in the new deal of the specific operation of the local society.Compared with official newspapers, local unofficial newspapers in Anhui showed a diversified mode of running newspapers in the late Qing Dynasty, and the contents were more abundant, and the two newspaper centers, Anqing and Wuhu, were formed on the whole.Its newspaper person, run newspaper activity, run newspaper thought and Shanghai close relation.However, there are no consortia, societies, political parties and other social organizations to run a newspaper, often a group of new intellectuals to temporarily unite to maintain the operation of the newspaper, the existence of a short life, in many ways not very standard.Its contents are even more extensive, including the introduction of new ideas and systems in the West, the views on the current situation, and the criticism or praise of the authorities, even in reforming the national character and changing the customs.It can be described as complicated.This paper focuses on the two types of newspapers involved in the New deal and revolution.In the face of internal and external troubles, Anhui local newspapers have responded.Although the vast majority of official documents are compiled in the Anhui official newspaper, we can still see the difficulties in the implementation of the New deal, the extensive opening of new schools and the understanding of the New deal by officials at all levels.On the other hand, the unofficial newspapers, such as the Anhui Folk dialect newspaper, the Anhui vernacular newspaper, and the Anhui popular Bulletin, have shown an independent character, advocated improvement, urged the popularization of education, promoted the characteristics of knowledge for the people, and propagated new knowledge.A great deal of work has been done in the field of universal education, but it is open to question whether it can be regarded as a "revolutionary" newspaper.In the end, through the report and analysis of Anhui Folk dialect newspaper, Anhui vernacular newspaper and Anhui popular Bulletin on the incident of Anhui Road Mine in the late Qing Dynasty, it is found that the third newspaper has a high patriotic enthusiasm.Nor is it afraid of the pressure of the Qing government to boldly expose the dark side.But it also exposed the shortcomings of the Anhui newspapers, represented by the "Anhui Folk Daily", the "Anhui vernacular newspaper", and the "Anhui popular Bulletin". That is, without its own exclusive reporters, it was unable to obtain detailed and detailed news.A great deal of content belongs to reprint or hearsay, or because of keeping distance from the gentry and business class, it is unable to have profound economic report and economic analysis, so the subjectivity is strong.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：G219.29;K257

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