本文選題：李鴻章　切入點：海防思想　出處：《西北師范大學》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：李鴻章的海防思想隨時局不斷轉變,并最終成熟。在這種完備的海防思想的指導下建立了中國第一支近代化的海軍,并開創(chuàng)了系統(tǒng)的近代化海軍教育培養(yǎng)新式海軍人才。李鴻章對近代海軍教育的發(fā)展起了相當重要的作用,隨著近年來對李鴻章研究力度的加大,越來越多的人注意到了李鴻章在海軍建設,海軍教育上的歷史功績。本文就李鴻章的海防思想與海軍教育實踐著力研究,力圖挖掘出中國第一支近代化海軍的教育體系,以及李鴻章之于近代海軍教育的重要性。本文主要從以下幾方面展開: 首先,在晚清風雨飄搖的大背景下,以李鴻章為代表的少數(shù)開明官員海防思想發(fā)生了巨大的轉變。李鴻章的海防思想從19世紀60年代始至北洋海軍的建立經(jīng)歷了四次轉變,他的海防思想不斷完善,由原先的“以守為防”的消極防御轉變?yōu)椤耙詰?zhàn)為守”的積極防御。李鴻章海防戰(zhàn)略思想最終完備成熟,并在這種海防思想的指導下開始創(chuàng)建北洋海軍,最終于1888年建立了中國第一支近代化的北洋海軍。 其次,梳理李鴻章海軍教育實踐的內(nèi)容。主要由兩方面構成,一是創(chuàng)辦新式學堂培養(yǎng)海軍人才,創(chuàng)立的海軍學堂包括天津水師學堂、山東威海衛(wèi)水師學堂、旅順口魚雷學堂、北洋醫(yī)學堂等;二是主持留學教育引進西方先進科技,包括留學美國和留學歐洲。 再次,分析李鴻章海軍教育實踐的影響。李鴻章的海軍教育實踐培養(yǎng)了大批近代化的海軍人才,把西方先進的科學技術知識和思想引入中國,對封建專制文化起到了一定的沖擊作用,開拓了時人的視野,改變了人們的思維模式,為以后西學在中國的大量傳播奠定了良好的基礎,并創(chuàng)立了中國第一所官辦軍醫(yī)學堂,培養(yǎng)了第一批中國自己的海軍軍醫(yī),推動了西醫(yī)在我國的發(fā)展。李鴻章創(chuàng)辦的海軍學校教育,是對清末傳統(tǒng)海軍教育內(nèi)容及人才選拔制度的重大變革,開創(chuàng)了近代海軍教育的先河,形成了最早的中國近代海軍教育體制。 最后,應當客觀的對李鴻章海軍教育實踐進行評價。
[Abstract]:Li Hongzhang's idea of coastal defense is constantly changing, and finally mature.Under the guidance of this complete idea of coastal defense, the first modern navy of China was established, and the systematic modernization of navy education was initiated to train new naval personnel.Li Hongzhang has played a very important role in the development of modern naval education. With the increase of the research on Li Hongzhang in recent years, more and more people have noticed the historical achievements in the naval construction and navy education.Based on Li Hongzhang's thoughts on coastal defense and naval education practice, this paper tries to find out the educational system of China's first modern navy and the importance of Li Hongzhang to modern naval education.This paper mainly starts from the following aspects:First of all, under the background of the late Qing Dynasty, a small number of enlightened officials represented by Li Hongzhang changed their thoughts on coastal defense.Li Hongzhang's coastal defense thought has undergone four changes from the 1860s to the establishment of the Beiyang Navy. His coastal defense thought has been continuously improved from the negative defense of "defending to defense" to the positive defense of "taking war as defense".The strategic thought of Li Hongzhang's coastal defense was finally complete and mature. Under the guidance of this kind of coastal defense thought, Li Hongzhang began to establish the Beiyang Navy, and finally established China's first modern Beiyang Navy in 1888.Secondly, combing the content of Li Hongzhang's naval education practice.It is mainly composed of two aspects: one is to establish a new school to train naval personnel, the establishment of naval schools include Tianjin Water Division School, Shandong Weihaiwei Watermaster School, Lushun Kou Torpedo School, Beiyang Medical School and so on;The second is to introduce advanced western science and technology, including studying in the United States and studying in Europe.Thirdly, it analyzes the influence of Li Hongzhang's naval education practice.Li Hongzhang's naval education and practice trained a large number of modern naval personnel, introduced advanced western scientific and technological knowledge and ideas into China, played a certain impact on feudal autocratic culture, and broadened the vision of contemporary people.It has changed the thinking mode of people, laid a good foundation for the spread of western learning in China in the future, established the first official military medical school in China, cultivated the first group of naval doctors in China, and promoted the development of western medicine in our country.The naval school education founded by Li Hongzhang is a great change to the traditional naval education content and talent selection system in the late Qing Dynasty, which initiated the modern navy education and formed the earliest modern naval education system in China.Finally, we should objectively evaluate Li Hongzhang's naval education practice.
【學位授予單位】：西北師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：K256

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本文編號：1718172