本文選題：抗戰(zhàn)時期　切入點(diǎn)：軍事工業(yè)　出處：《昆明理工大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：中國近代軍事工業(yè)始于19世紀(jì)60年代。云南地處邊疆,位于外國入侵的西南大門,近代軍事工業(yè)比內(nèi)地落后,19世紀(jì)末,20世紀(jì)初才開始產(chǎn)生,發(fā)展更為緩慢。然而,云南的近代軍工在半個世紀(jì)中,從無到有,逐漸發(fā)展,技術(shù)水平不斷提高。特別是在抗戰(zhàn)時期,云南的軍事工業(yè)科學(xué)技術(shù)取得了顯著的進(jìn)步,對云南的政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、軍事、科技等方面也有重要的影響。 伴隨著晚清時期清王朝政府進(jìn)行的三次改革和兩個階段,在晚清時期云南軍事工業(yè)開始興起,民國初云南地方軍閥割據(jù)勢力控制云南軍事工業(yè),到民國時期地方政府主持云南軍事工業(yè)生產(chǎn)。1937年7月7日,日本侵略者蓄意制造了盧溝橋事變,發(fā)動了侵華戰(zhàn)爭,中國人民同仇敵愾,國共合作,團(tuán)結(jié)一致,展開了全面抗戰(zhàn)。兵工生產(chǎn)進(jìn)入了戰(zhàn)爭時期。兵工廠西遷,建立后方兵工基地。隨著1937年沿海及內(nèi)地企業(yè)的抗戰(zhàn)內(nèi)遷,作為國民黨中央政府的軍事工業(yè)部分,也開始向西南遷移,國民政府軍政部兵工署遂決定將由南京遷到重慶的軍用光學(xué)器材工廠遷往昆明,并在昆明新建了四個兵工廠。軍工企業(yè)不僅為云南帶來了較先進(jìn)的工業(yè)設(shè)施和科學(xué)技術(shù),還為本地培養(yǎng)了大批技術(shù)工人和專業(yè)技術(shù)、管理人才,為促進(jìn)云南地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展和社會進(jìn)步發(fā)揮了積極的作用。 中國的軍用光學(xué)工業(yè)起源于20世紀(jì)30年代初期,兵工署第五十三兵工廠在戰(zhàn)爭中求生存求發(fā)展,軍用品制造引進(jìn)西歐技術(shù)。1939年4月29日,二十二廠在昆明柳壩制造成功中國第一架6×30雙筒軍用望遠(yuǎn)鏡,開始了軍用光學(xué)儀器的生產(chǎn)歷史。在抗日戰(zhàn)爭的烽火中,制造出80公分倒影測遠(yuǎn)鏡、美特克式迫擊炮瞄準(zhǔn)鏡、勃朗特式迫擊炮瞄準(zhǔn)鏡、五角測遠(yuǎn)鏡、象限儀、指南針等產(chǎn)品,為中華民族的抗日戰(zhàn)爭做出了貢獻(xiàn)。 總結(jié)抗戰(zhàn)時期云南軍事工業(yè)發(fā)展的經(jīng)驗(yàn),最根本的一條就是抓住機(jī)遇�？箲�(zhàn)時期,國民政府大力開發(fā)西南,云南地方當(dāng)局抓住了這個歷史契機(jī),這是云南軍事工業(yè)發(fā)展的重要經(jīng)驗(yàn)。云南在歷史上已有過抓住機(jī)遇,發(fā)展自己的成功經(jīng)驗(yàn)。目前云南的發(fā)展又面臨著千載難逢的機(jī)遇,只要我們緊緊抓住機(jī)遇,我們相信在新世紀(jì),云南是能夠再創(chuàng)造新的輝煌的。
[Abstract]:China's modern military industry began in the 1860s. Yunnan is located on the frontier and in the southwest gate of foreign invaders. The modern military industry began to come into being in the late 19th century and the early 20th century, and its development was slower than that in the interior. In the past half century, Yunnan's modern military industry has developed from scratch, gradually developed, and its technological level has been continuously improved. Especially during the War of Resistance against Japan, Yunnan's military industrial science and technology have made remarkable progress, which has contributed to Yunnan's political, economic and military affairs. Science and technology also have an important impact. Along with the three reforms and two stages of the Qing Dynasty government in the late Qing Dynasty, Yunnan military industry began to rise in the late Qing Dynasty, and the local warlords in the early Republic of China controlled the Yunnan military industry. On July 7, 1937, the Japanese invaders deliberately created the Lugou Bridge incident and launched the war of aggression against China. An all-out war of resistance was launched. The production of soldiers and workers entered a period of war. The arms factories moved westward and established a rear military and industrial base. With the internal migration of enterprises in the coastal and inland areas in 1937, as part of the military industry of the central government of the Kuomintang, They also began to move southwestward, and the military and Industrial Administration of the military and Government Department of the National Government decided to move from Nanjing to the military optical equipment factory in Chongqing to Kunming. Four new arms factories have been built in Kunming. Military enterprises have not only brought more advanced industrial facilities and science and technology to Yunnan, but also trained a large number of skilled workers and specialized technical and managerial personnel for the region. In order to promote economic development and social progress in Yunnan region has played a positive role. China's military optical industry originated in the early 1930s, when the 53 Ordnance Factory of the PLA sought survival and development during the war, and the manufacture of military articles introduced Western European technology. The 22 factory successfully manufactured China's first 6 脳 30 binoculars in Liuba, Kunming, and began the production history of military optical instruments. In the beacon fires of the War of Resistance against Japan, 80 centimeters of reflectors and 80 centimeters of muttke mortar sight were manufactured. Bronte mortar sight, Pentagonal Telescope, Quadrant, Compass and other products contributed to the Chinese War of Resistance against Japan. To sum up the experience of Yunnan's military industry development during the War of Resistance against Japan, one of the most fundamental things is to seize the opportunity. During the War of Resistance against Japan, the National Government vigorously developed southwest China, and the local authorities in Yunnan seized this historical opportunity. This is an important experience in the development of Yunnan's military industry. Yunnan has already seized the opportunity and developed its own successful experience in history. At present, Yunnan's development is faced with an opportunity once in a lifetime, so long as we firmly grasp the opportunity. We believe that in the new century, Yunnan is able to create new brilliance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：K265

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