本文選題：堆棧業(yè)　切入點(diǎn)：客商　出處：《華中師范大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：漢口是一個(gè)典型的商業(yè)型城市,而堆棧業(yè)的繁榮是一個(gè)商業(yè)中心城市具備強(qiáng)大輻射性必不可少的條件。漢口堆棧業(yè)于民國初年興起,其發(fā)展經(jīng)歷了“兼業(yè)”—“專業(yè)”—“并業(yè)”三個(gè)階段。并且,多元化的發(fā)展路徑促進(jìn)了漢口堆棧業(yè)的繁榮。為了適應(yīng)商業(yè)發(fā)展的需要,堆棧業(yè)從棧房的開設(shè)、組織結(jié)構(gòu)、職員管理和業(yè)務(wù)職能都建立了相應(yīng)的制度,采取了一定措施。民國時(shí)期漢口堆棧業(yè)已建立了明確的經(jīng)營范圍、業(yè)務(wù)種類、棧租等。 堆棧業(yè)組織功能的完善使得客商對(duì)堆棧的依賴性日漸加強(qiáng),特別是在1927年以后,堆棧業(yè)與銀行的合作在很大程度上解決了客商資金周轉(zhuǎn)的困難。堆棧業(yè)逐漸成為漢口商業(yè)運(yùn)作不可或缺的一部分�？蜕特溸\(yùn)貨物到漢,均先將貨物存入堆棧,這成為了一種固定的模式。漢口的客商與堆棧二者密不可分,相互依賴,呈現(xiàn)一種共生的狀態(tài)。在客商與堆棧業(yè)共生的這種固定模式中,客商獲得商品保管、資金融通、保險(xiǎn)、搬運(yùn)、買賣等各方面的便利,從而減少了異地間貿(mào)易的阻礙,有利于加強(qiáng)漢口與腹地的聯(lián)系,擴(kuò)大漢口的腹地,促進(jìn)口岸與腹地之間的商品流通。 漢口堆棧業(yè)的發(fā)展可謂歷盡艱難。1927年以后,受到政治局勢(shì)的影響,漢口的商業(yè)貿(mào)易疲滯,堆棧業(yè)面臨著危機(jī)。因此,尋求銀行的庇護(hù)成為堆棧業(yè)得以生存發(fā)展的一條重要途徑。于是,堆棧商紛紛向寄存貨物之商人介紹押款,代銀行承做押款,進(jìn)而與銀行簽訂合約,發(fā)展成銀行的特約堆棧。此外,碼頭糾紛是伴隨堆棧業(yè)始終的一個(gè)重要阻礙因素。堆棧商為減少糾紛和碼頭工人的勒索,與碼頭勢(shì)力、政府進(jìn)行著艱辛的博弈,在維護(hù)自身利益的同時(shí)也為客商爭取了實(shí)際利益。 總之,民國時(shí)期漢口堆棧業(yè)為尋求發(fā)展進(jìn)行了艱難的探索,而探索的過程亦是自身業(yè)務(wù)不斷完善和為客商提供更大便利的過程。并且,堆棧業(yè)的規(guī)模及資金融通的能力直接影響著漢口口岸與腹地之間的貿(mào)易規(guī)模。
[Abstract]:Hankou is a typical commercial city, and the prosperity of stack industry is an indispensable condition for a commercial center city to have strong radiation. Its development has experienced three stages of "concurrent business", "specialty" and "merger industry". Moreover, the diversified development path has promoted the prosperity of Hankou stack industry. Staff management and business functions have established the corresponding system and taken certain measures. During the period of the Republic of China Hankou stack has established a clear business scope business types stacks rent and so on. With the improvement of the organization function of the stack industry, the merchants' dependence on the stack is increasing, especially after 1927. The cooperation between the stack industry and the bank largely solved the difficulty of the merchant's capital flow. The stack industry gradually became an indispensable part of Hankou's business operation. When the merchants trafficked goods to the Han Dynasty, they first put the goods on the stack. This has become a fixed pattern. Hankou merchants and stacks are inseparable, interdependent, and present a symbiotic state. In this fixed mode of symbiosis between merchants and stacks, merchants obtain commodity custody, capital financing, and insurance. The convenience of handling, trading and so on reduces the obstruction of trade between different places, helps to strengthen the connection between Hankou and hinterland, expands the hinterland of Hankou, and promotes the circulation of commodities between ports and hinterlands. The development of Hankou stack industry has been difficult. After 1927, due to the influence of the political situation, Hankou's business and trade were weak, and the stack industry was facing a crisis. Seeking shelter from the bank became an important way for the stack industry to survive and develop. As a result, the stack merchants introduced the money to the merchants who deposited the goods, pledged the money on behalf of the bank, and signed contracts with the bank. What's more, wharf disputes are an important impediment to the stack industry all the time. Stack dealers play a hard game with wharf power to reduce disputes and extortion from dock workers. In the protection of their own interests, but also for the actual interests of the merchants. In short, during the Republic of China, Hankou stack industry made a difficult exploration for its development, and the process of exploration was also a process of continuous improvement of its own business and greater convenience for the merchants. The scale of stack industry and the ability of financing directly affect the scale of trade between Hankou port and hinterland.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F259.29;K258

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