本文選題：軍機(jī)大臣　切入點(diǎn)：海枚　出處：《歷史檔案》2017年01期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：自古以來(lái),神鬼巫術(shù)始終浸透于政治與生活之中�！白蟮琅蚤T”“倡立邪教,傳徒惑眾”,既會(huì)削弱儒家正統(tǒng)思想的堅(jiān)守,影響社會(huì)的穩(wěn)定,更是對(duì)皇帝威權(quán)的挑戰(zhàn)。大清律例對(duì)“妄布妖言”、“妄談國(guó)家禍福、世道盛衰”、“師巫假降邪神,畫符咒水”等“左道異端之術(shù)”,都規(guī)定了嚴(yán)厲的處罰措施。道光三十年(1850年)六月,咸豐帝登基不久,京城發(fā)生了薛執(zhí)中案。從西北來(lái)到京城的道士薛執(zhí)中因“編造妖言”而被捕下獄,咸豐帝令軍機(jī)大臣會(huì)同宗人府、刑部嚴(yán)行審訊,并要求牽涉此案的大臣明白回奏。在罪名認(rèn)定上,刑部、軍機(jī)大臣、宗人府發(fā)生分歧,給出了三種量刑。刑部從律例的角度考量,將薛執(zhí)中定為“監(jiān)禁二十年,仍調(diào)發(fā)炓龍江給披甲為奴”;宗人府和軍機(jī)大臣則更多地從政治方面考慮,分別擬定為絞監(jiān)候和斬監(jiān)候。最終咸豐帝以“藉醫(yī)招搖,行蹤詭秘,到處煽惑人心,所寫書(shū)信,擅議時(shí)政,妄談休咎”等罪名,將薛執(zhí)中定為斬監(jiān)候,秋后處決。所有曾與薛執(zhí)中交往的宗室大員都受到不同程度的處分。由此案可以管窺清統(tǒng)治者對(duì)“左道異端”打擊嚴(yán)厲甚至寧枉勿縱的政策。現(xiàn)從館藏宮中朱批奏折、軍機(jī)處錄副奏折、軍機(jī)處上諭檔中輯錄相關(guān)史料,供研究參考。
[Abstract]:Since ancient times, the witchcraft of gods and ghosts has always been immersed in politics and life. "the left way by the door" "advocating evil cults, spreading acts of confusion" will not only weaken the adherence of Confucian orthodoxy, but also affect the stability of society. It is also a challenge to the authority of emperors. In the Qing Dynasty, the laws and regulations "pretends evil words", "falsehood and evil talk about the country, prosperity and decline of the world", and "master witches and false deities," "the art of incantation of the left", such as the art of charming water, prescribes severe penalties. Thirty years (1850) of Daoguang, soon after Emperor Xianfeng ascended the throne on June, Xue Zhengzhong, a Taoist priest who came to the capital from the northwest, was arrested and imprisoned for "fabricating evil words." Emperor Xianfeng ordered the military aircraft minister to live in the people's house, and the torture department strictly interrogated him. They also asked the ministers involved in the case to understand and play back. On the conviction of the charges, the Criminal Department, the Minister of military aircraft, and the Zong people's House were divided and gave three kinds of sentencing. The Ministry of torture considered Xue as "20 years' imprisonment" from the perspective of the laws and regulations. He still sends the Dragon River to the armour as a slave, "and the officials of the people's House and the military aircraft have more political considerations, and have drawn up, respectively, a warden and a chopping prison. Finally, Xianfeng Emperor used to" stir up people's hearts and write letters by means of medical treatment, mysterious movements, arousing people everywhere, " He was good at discussing current politics, talking about the blame of Xiu, and so on, and decided Xue Zhengzhong to wait for him to be chopped up in prison. Executed after autumn. All the members of the clan who had been in contact with Xue Zhenzhong were punished to varying degrees. From this case, one can see the ruler's policy of cracking down on "leftist heresy" or even perverting it. The military aircraft department record the collateral notes, military aircraft on the oracle document in the compilation of relevant historical materials for research reference.
【作者單位】： 中國(guó)第一歷史檔案館;

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