本文選題：徐家匯觀象臺(tái)　切入點(diǎn)：氣象學(xué)　出處：《學(xué)術(shù)月刊》2017年09期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：耶穌會(huì)通過創(chuàng)辦徐家匯觀象臺(tái)將氣象學(xué)引入中國。外人主導(dǎo)下的海關(guān)、電政和海舶等機(jī)構(gòu)在制度上的配合保證了徐家匯觀象臺(tái)在觀測(cè)和研究方面享有國際聲望。與此形成對(duì)照的是,徐家匯觀象臺(tái)的示范長期未能引起中國社會(huì)的反應(yīng),它也未能改變?nèi)藗儗?duì)氣象的傳統(tǒng)觀念。中國本土氣象學(xué)的骨干是由海外留學(xué)生構(gòu)成,他們與徐家匯觀象臺(tái)并無直接的淵源,但在學(xué)術(shù)和制度上對(duì)徐家匯觀象臺(tái)借鑒頗多。在行政力量的推動(dòng)下,本土學(xué)術(shù)團(tuán)體逐步收回了中國氣象事業(yè)的主導(dǎo)權(quán),而中外形勢(shì)的變動(dòng)則徹底結(jié)束了這一教會(huì)科學(xué)機(jī)構(gòu)的命運(yùn)。這一曲折的歷程深刻地反映了思潮變動(dòng)、學(xué)術(shù)轉(zhuǎn)型、觀念變遷、以及中外勢(shì)力消長之間的微妙關(guān)系和復(fù)雜動(dòng)態(tài)。
[Abstract]:The Jesuit Society introduced meteorology into China by setting up the Xujiahui Observatory. Customs under the leadership of outsiders, By contrast, the demonstration of the Xujiahui Observatory has not been able to arouse the reaction of Chinese society for a long time, because the cooperation of the electric power administration and the sea ship and other institutions has ensured that the Xujiahui Observatory enjoys an international reputation in terms of observation and research. It has also failed to change people's traditional perceptions of meteorology. The backbone of China's native meteorology is made up of overseas students who have no direct origin with the Xujiahui Observatory. But the academic and institutional aspects of Xujiahui Observatory have been used for reference quite a lot. Driven by administrative forces, local academic groups have gradually taken back the leading role in China's meteorological cause. The change of the situation at home and abroad has brought an end to the fate of this church scientific institution. This tortuous course profoundly reflects the subtle relationship and complex dynamics between ideological change, academic transformation, conceptual change, and the growth and decline of Chinese and foreign forces.
【作者單位】： 上海大學(xué)歷史系;
【基金】：國家社科基金重大項(xiàng)目“漢語基督教文獻(xiàn)書目的整理與研究”(12&ZD128)的階段性成果
【分類號(hào)】：K25

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