本文關(guān)鍵詞： 趙爾巽 清末 奉天 新政改革　出處：《齊齊哈爾大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：日俄戰(zhàn)爭后,東北政局動蕩。趙爾巽于1905年受命出任盛京將軍,并奉命在其任內(nèi)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)了奉天的清末新政改革。本文以近代以來東北政局為背景,對趙爾巽主政奉天新政改革的原因、內(nèi)容進行了較為全面系統(tǒng)的梳理和剖析,并探討了此次改革的特點、歷史作用與影響。本文認為:作為全國推行新政之一部分,趙爾巽主持的東北新政改革,由于其特殊的地理環(huán)境、人文淵源以及趙爾巽個人品質(zhì)與執(zhí)政風(fēng)格,使其獨樹一幟,具有特殊的意義;新政表現(xiàn)了趙爾巽突出的綜合素質(zhì)、主政能力和發(fā)展理念;奉天新政改革開啟了東北新政的序幕,為東北清末新政后續(xù)發(fā)展奠定了基礎(chǔ),成為奉天省乃至整個東北地區(qū)的近代化發(fā)展的源動力。 趙爾巽的新政改革,全面務(wù)實,成就斐然。經(jīng)濟上,堅持農(nóng)、工、商、牧副漁業(yè)的全面發(fā)展,主張立足奉天本地實際,充分利用已有資源,輔以先進技術(shù)和新式管理模式,使奉天經(jīng)濟擺脫了戰(zhàn)前的死寂和戰(zhàn)后的蕭條,重新煥發(fā)了新的生機,也為新政繼續(xù)發(fā)展奠定了扎實的經(jīng)濟基礎(chǔ);啟動官制改革,為東北地區(qū)由軍府制向近代行省制過渡做了深入的探索,是較為成功的一次嘗試;趙爾巽視教育為關(guān)系民族興衰和國家興亡的大計,銳意進取,使奉天地方興學(xué)、辦學(xué)蔚然成風(fēng),成為奉天新式教育的奠基人;通過對原財政機構(gòu)的刷新,將東北的財政機制納入了近代化的軌道,其成果直接為各項新政的次第開展,提供了強大的財力支撐;軍警改革后,使其整體素質(zhì)有所提高,一定程度上改變了東北地區(qū)國防落后的局面,為新政的順利進行提供了一個相對穩(wěn)定的社會環(huán)境,同時,推動了奉天近代警政事業(yè)的建立和發(fā)展;電訊事業(yè)改革,改變了本地區(qū)內(nèi)部之間及本地與外界之間彼此隔絕的狀態(tài),推動了東北地區(qū)經(jīng)濟、商貿(mào)等事業(yè)的繁榮,也打破了外人壟斷的局面,一定程度上挽回了部分利權(quán)。趙爾巽開啟奉天新政改革,對奉天乃至東北走向近代化起到了奠基的作用。固然,趙爾巽一生功過自有公論,但東北新政之于趙爾巽,是其對歷史的貢獻,不應(yīng)苛求。
[Abstract]:After the war between Japan and Russia, the political situation in Northeast China was turbulent. Zhao Erxun was appointed General Sheng Jing on 1905 and was instructed to lead the reform of the New deal in the late Qing Dynasty during his term of office. This article is based on the political situation in Northeast China since modern times. This paper makes a comprehensive and systematic analysis of the causes and contents of the reform of the Fengtian New deal under Zhao Erxun's administration, and probes into the characteristics, historical role and influence of the reform. This article holds that as part of the national implementation of the New deal, The reform of the New deal in Northeast China, which Zhao Erxun presided over, is unique and of special significance because of its special geographical environment, cultural origin, Zhao Erxun's personal quality and ruling style, and the New deal has demonstrated Zhao's outstanding comprehensive qualities. The reform of Fengtian New deal opened the prelude of the Northeast New deal, laid the foundation for the follow-up development of the New deal in the end of the Northeast Qing Dynasty, and became the source of the modernization development of Fengtian Province and even the whole Northeast region. Zhao Erxun's new policy reform was comprehensive and pragmatic, with remarkable achievements. Economically, he insisted on the overall development of agriculture, industry, commerce and animal husbandry and fisheries, and advocated that he should base himself on the actual situation in Fengtian, make full use of existing resources, and be supplemented by advanced technology and new management models. Fengtian's economy got rid of the dead silence before the war and the depression after the war, rekindled new vitality, laid a solid economic foundation for the continued development of the New deal, and initiated the reform of the official system. It was a more successful attempt to make a thorough exploration of the transition from the military government system to the provincial system in modern times in the Northeast region. Zhao Erxun saw education as a great plan related to the rise and fall of the nation and the rise and fall of the country, so as to forge ahead and make the Fengtian place start school. School running became popular and became the founder of Fengtian new-style education, and the northeast financial mechanism was brought into the track of modernization through the renovation of the former financial institutions, and its achievements directly provided powerful financial support for the secondary development of the New deal. After the reform of the military and police, the overall quality of the military and police has been improved, which to some extent has changed the backward situation of national defense in Northeast China, and provided a relatively stable social environment for the smooth implementation of the New deal. At the same time, It promoted the establishment and development of the modern police affairs in Fengtian, and the reform of the telecommunications industry changed the state of isolation within the region and between the local and the outside world, and promoted the prosperity of the northeast region's economy, commerce and other undertakings. It also broke the monopoly of outsiders, and to a certain extent recovered some of its interests. Zhao Erxun opened the reform of the New deal in Fengtian, which laid the foundation for the modernization of Fengtian and even the Northeast. Of course, Zhao Erxun had his own public comment on his merits and failures in his life. But the Northeast New deal to Zhao Erxun, is its contribution to history, should not be demanding.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：齊齊哈爾大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：K257

【引證文獻】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 陳希;東三省陸軍測繪學(xué)堂研究（1909-1920）[D];遼寧大學(xué);2012年

2 張恩強;清末民初奉天法政學(xué)堂研究（1906-1916）[D];遼寧大學(xué);2012年

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本文編號：1499643