本文關(guān)鍵詞： 吳尚時(shí) 近代地理學(xué) 法國(guó)地理學(xué)派 中山大學(xué)　出處：《地理學(xué)報(bào)》2017年07期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：吳尚時(shí)(1904-1947)是中國(guó)近代地理學(xué)重要開創(chuàng)者之一。1928年吳尚時(shí)獲金牌畢業(yè)于中山大學(xué),次年考取公費(fèi)前往法國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)地理學(xué)。他先后就讀于里昂大學(xué)和格日諾布爾大學(xué),授業(yè)于A.阿歷克斯,M.巴爾臺(tái)和R.布朗夏爾等,布氏是維達(dá)爾·布拉什知名弟子。1934年吳氏學(xué)成歸國(guó),任中山大學(xué)地理系教授,1939-1945年任地理系主任。時(shí)逢日軍侵華,學(xué)校不斷搬遷逃避戰(zhàn)火,華南、西南千里遷徙之途成為先生的野外考察路線,這需要非同一般的堅(jiān)毅意志和對(duì)科學(xué)的獻(xiàn)身精神。先生學(xué)術(shù)文稿泰半完成于此艱危時(shí)期,過度的勞累和極度困苦的環(huán)境嚴(yán)重?fù)p害了他的健康。1947年,先生去世,年僅43歲。繼張相文之后的第二代中國(guó)近代地理學(xué)家群體中,吳尚時(shí)是少有的綜合地理學(xué)學(xué)家。先生所具有的綜合與復(fù)雜性地理學(xué)思想和深厚的部門專業(yè)素養(yǎng),在宏觀把握與深入研究之間敏銳地找到恰當(dāng)切入點(diǎn)和相對(duì)整體性以及杰出的野外工作能力,令其許多研究成果經(jīng)受了科學(xué)發(fā)展和時(shí)間的嚴(yán)酷考驗(yàn)而歷久彌新。如提出中國(guó)山系"一帶三弧"格局、"丹霞南雄層"同時(shí)異相說、論證珠江三角洲之存在等。先生的建樹涉及地形學(xué)、水文地理、氣象學(xué)、制圖學(xué)、區(qū)域地理等近代地理學(xué)各學(xué)科。先生的研究工作幾乎都是他實(shí)地考察,敏銳的觀察力,犀利嚴(yán)密的邏輯推理,廣博的知識(shí)和專業(yè)直覺的結(jié)合。本文概述吳氏的主要學(xué)術(shù)成就和對(duì)中國(guó)近代地理學(xué)建立的貢獻(xiàn),對(duì)當(dāng)代地理學(xué)仍有其現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。吳氏的科學(xué)思想與實(shí)踐可以追溯到法國(guó)地理學(xué)派的親炙和歐美地理學(xué)派的影響。同樣有必要探討根植于他意識(shí)深處的中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化和人文主義的作用。以其社會(huì)關(guān)系和教育背景,先生不難躋身權(quán)貴,然其性剛正不阿,擯棄利祿,選擇地理科學(xué)作為畢生事業(yè),安貧樂道,窮而益堅(jiān)。先生亦地理學(xué)教育大家,羅開富、曾昭璇、徐俊鳴等地理名家皆出其門下,中山大學(xué)地理系成為中國(guó)地理學(xué)重鎮(zhèn),先生功不可沒。目前廣州市政府在吳氏于1937年發(fā)現(xiàn)古海蝕崖所在建立"七星崗古海蝕遺址科學(xué)公園",并放置先生銅像。
[Abstract]:In 1928, Wu graduated from Sun Yat-sen University and went to France to study geography at public expense. He studied at the University of Lyon and the University of Greynobur. In 1934, Wu returned to China as Professor of Geography at Sun Yat-sen University. He was chairman of the Department of Geography from 1939 to 1945, when Japanese troops invaded China. Schools are constantly moving away from war, and the thousands of miles of migration from South China and Southwest China have become the way for students to study in the field. This requires extraordinary perseverance and dedication to science. Mr. Tai's academic papers were completed in this difficult and dangerous period. His health was seriously damaged by overwork and extreme hardship. In 1947, his husband died at the age of 43. In the second generation of modern Chinese geographers after Zhang Xiangwen, Wu Shangshi is a rare comprehensive geography scientist. Mr. Wu Shangshi has comprehensive and complex geography thoughts and deep departmental expertise. Keen to find the right entry point and relative integrity between macro-control and in-depth research, as well as outstanding field work skills, Many of its research achievements have withstood the severe test of scientific development and time. For example, when it comes to the "three arcs" pattern of the Chinese mountain system, the "Danxia Nanxiong layer" is also said to be different. Demonstrating the existence of the Pearl River Delta and so on. Mr. Chen's achievements are related to various subjects of modern geography, such as topography, hydrogeography, meteorology, cartography, regional geography, and so on. This paper summarizes Wu's main academic achievements and contributions to the establishment of modern Chinese geography. Wu's scientific thoughts and practices can be traced back to the affinity of the French school of geography and the influence of the European and American schools of geography. It is also necessary to explore the traditional Chinese texts rooted in the depths of his consciousness. The role of humanism, with its social and educational background, It is not difficult for you to be among the powerful, but your character is upright, and you abandon Lilu and choose geography science as your lifelong work. You are happy and poor. You are also educated in geography, Luo Kaifu and Zeng Zhaoxuan. Xu Junming and other famous geographical experts all came from their families, and the Department of Geography of Sun Yat-sen University became a major geographical town in China. At present, the Guangzhou Municipal Government discovered the ancient sea erosion cliff in 1937 and set up the "Qixing Gang Ancient Sea erosion site Scientific Park" and placed the bronze statue of Mr.
【作者單位】： 華東師范大學(xué)河口海岸國(guó)家重點(diǎn)研究室;中山大學(xué)近岸海洋科學(xué)與技術(shù)研究中心;中山大學(xué)地理系;
【分類號(hào)】：K26

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