本文關(guān)鍵詞： 沈葆楨 經(jīng)世思想 洋務(wù)自強 保守傳統(tǒng)　出處：《華東師范大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：在晚清中興名臣中,沈葆楨以廉潔自律、嚴肅吏治、刻薄寡恩的特點而極富個性。他早年中進士、點翰林,有深厚的學(xué)養(yǎng)與文化,在形象上有點接近曾國藩,但與同年李鴻章的私誼較好,是洋務(wù)活動中的得力干將。想要更好地理解他,就必須將其放在所處的時代大背景下,認識到這一時代的特殊性：相比于清末新政的激烈改革所造成的社會動蕩,后人或許能更加深刻地理解沈葆楨等人“保守”傳統(tǒng)的苦心與價值;與進化論傳入中國后所興起的除舊布新思想對立,沈氏所處的洋務(wù)時代主旨在于“取新衛(wèi)舊”。在軍事科技方面,沈葆楨堅定地主張“師夷長技”,所以在總理福州船政局和辦理臺灣防務(wù)、籌劃海防期間,他不遺余力地制造兵輪、修建炮臺、架設(shè)電線、開采煤礦；但是,在關(guān)乎民用和老百姓切身利益時,他會看到除了效益之外更加長遠、根本的東西,拆毀吳淞鐵路便是一個重要表現(xiàn)。在改革力度上,他走得不如李鴻章遠：李鴻章甚至要求廢除八股,而沈葆楨只是提倡在科舉中增設(shè)算學(xué)一科而已�？傮w而言,在嘉道以來經(jīng)世思潮哺育下成長起來的沈葆楨,是一個既具有濃厚的理學(xué)背景,又善于任事、極端踏實勤懇的實干家。身處兩千年未見之大變局中,面對經(jīng)驗之外的世界,其思想兼收并蓄、兼采新舊、擇善而從,最為注重的是外交、海防、內(nèi)政、教育等方面的實效實績。他是中國近代化事業(yè)的先行者,也是中國傳統(tǒng)的繼承者和眷戀者；他不頑固守舊,但同時也講文化。他的堅守與苦痛,他在中西、新舊之間的選擇與取舍,深深烙上了其所處時代的印記,依然包含了能引發(fā)我們深入思考的內(nèi)容。
[Abstract]:In the late Qing Dynasty, among the famous officials of Zhongxing, Shen Baozhen had a strong personality because of his honesty and self-discipline, serious administration of officials, being mean and unkind. In his early years, he was a scholar with a deep education and culture, and was a bit close to Zeng Guofan in his image. But in the same year, Li Hongzhang had a better personal relationship, which was the most effective way to understand him in Westernization activities. In order to understand him better, he must be placed against the background of his time. Recognizing the particularity of this era: compared with the social turbulence caused by the drastic reform of the New deal in the late Qing Dynasty, later generations may have a deeper understanding of the "conservative" traditional pains and values of Shen Baozhen and others; Contrary to the idea of eliminating old and new cloth that emerged after the introduction of evolutionary theory into China, Shen's main purpose of the Westernization era is to "take the new and defend the old". In the field of military science and technology, Shen Baozhen firmly advocated "Shiyi Changji", so during the period of Prime Minister Fuzhou Shipbuilding Bureau and handling Taiwan's defense and planning for coastal defense, he spared no effort to build military ships, build fortresses, set up electric lines, and mine coal mines. When it comes to the vital interests of civilian and ordinary people, he will see that in addition to the benefits, the fundamental thing is that the demolition of the Wusong railway is an important manifestation. In terms of the strength of the reform, He did not go as far as Li Hongzhang: Li Hongzhang even called for the abolition of stereotyped writing, while Shen Baozhen only advocated the addition of a subject of arithmetic in the imperial examination. Is a strong Neo-Confucianism background, but also good at doing things, extremely practical and diligent doer. In the two thousand years of great changes, facing the world outside of experience, his ideas are mixed, both new and old, and choose from the good. He is the forerunner of China's modernization cause, as well as the successor to and attachment to the Chinese tradition; he is not stubborn and conservative. But at the same time, he also stresses culture. His persistence and pain, his choice and choice between China and the West, between the old and the new, are deeply branded with the imprint of his time, and still contain the content that can arouse our deep thinking.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：K256

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