本文關(guān)鍵詞： 合作行政 市場經(jīng)濟 信用合作社　出處：《華中師范大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：近代合作社不僅是市場經(jīng)濟的產(chǎn)物,它還是弱勢生產(chǎn)者通過共同經(jīng)營來改善自身經(jīng)濟利益或經(jīng)濟地位的一種經(jīng)濟組織。鄉(xiāng)村社會中,在商品交換中處于“劣勢”地位的農(nóng)民,只有聯(lián)合起來,組織各種類型的合作社,才能以集體的力量參與到市場競爭中去。合作社同市場的結(jié)合能進一步改變農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)、收購、銷售等環(huán)節(jié)受中間商人盤剝的既有格局。 本文重點分析了南京國民政府時期浙江開展的合作運動,圍繞著浙江如何在全省范圍內(nèi)建立合作行政機構(gòu)展開探討,并梳理了其變遷的整個過程。其后,在建設(shè)廳的大力推動下,浙江的合作社組織迎來了一個發(fā)展的小高峰,但在高速發(fā)展的背后,暴露出的問題也是層出不窮。由于一味地追求發(fā)展速度而導(dǎo)致某些合作社質(zhì)量極為低劣。此外,農(nóng)村對于金融資金的渴望,則直接造成了信用合作社的畸形發(fā)展。這些問題從表象上來看,似乎是經(jīng)濟問題,但實質(zhì)上,民國鄉(xiāng)村基層社會所特有的政治權(quán)力和社會結(jié)構(gòu)才是合作運動異化的最直接誘因。為了擺脫這種困境,省政府通過派駐合作指導(dǎo)員和建立合作實驗區(qū)的方法來規(guī)范各地的合作社組織。 此外,當時的調(diào)查報告客觀反映出浙江各地合作社實施的一些基本概況,總體來看,合作社的組織狀況在各地并不樂觀,各地方政府對合作事業(yè)的推廣并不十分熱情,甚至連能夠盡職盡責的合作指導(dǎo)人員也是屈指可數(shù)。 綜觀整個運動,其亮點主要是體現(xiàn)在信用合作社的組織上。信用社對農(nóng)村金融的救濟還是起了一定的作用,因為這種借貸在一定程度上促進了農(nóng)業(yè)的生產(chǎn)和改良,改變了鄉(xiāng)村傳統(tǒng)的借貸格局。農(nóng)村建立的各種類型的合作社,無論是信用、生產(chǎn),還是運銷、消費等社,其出發(fā)點都是希望能夠借助互助合作,使得人力、物力和財力得到有效的整合,提高個體小農(nóng)抗御市場風險的能力,以團體的力量來抵制商人對于農(nóng)民的壓榨和盤剝。
[Abstract]:Modern cooperative is not only the product of market economy, but also a kind of economic organization in rural society where the weak producers can improve their economic interests or economic status through joint operation. Peasants who are in a "disadvantaged" position in the exchange of commodities must unite to form various types of co-operatives. The combination of the cooperative and the market can further change the existing pattern of agricultural production, acquisition, sale and other links exploited by the middleman. This paper focuses on the analysis of the cooperation movement in Zhejiang during the Nanjing National Government period, focusing on the establishment of cooperative administrative agencies in Zhejiang province, and combing the whole process of its changes. Under the impetus of the construction department, the cooperative organization in Zhejiang Province ushered in a small peak of development, but behind the rapid development. The problems exposed are also endless. The pursuit of the speed of development leads to the extremely poor quality of some cooperatives. In addition, the rural desire for financial funds. These problems appear to be economic problems, but in essence. In order to get rid of this dilemma, the political power and social structure of the rural grassroots society of the Republic of China are the most direct inducement of the alienation of the cooperative movement. The provincial government standardizes cooperative organizations through the deployment of cooperative instructors and the establishment of cooperative experimental areas. In addition, the survey report at that time objectively reflects the implementation of some of the basic general situation of cooperatives in Zhejiang Province, generally speaking, the organizational situation of cooperatives in the region is not optimistic. Local governments are not enthusiastic about the promotion of partnerships, and even dedicated mentors are few. Looking at the whole movement, its bright spot is mainly reflected in the organization of the credit union, which has played a certain role in the relief of rural finance. To some extent, this kind of loan has promoted the production and improvement of agriculture and changed the traditional pattern of lending in rural areas. All kinds of cooperatives, whether credit, production, distribution or consumption, have been established in rural areas. Its starting point is to hope to be able to cooperate with each other, so that the human, material and financial resources are effectively integrated to improve the individual smallholder resilience to market risks. To resist the oppression and exploitation of the peasants by the merchants with the strength of the group.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：K258

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