本文關(guān)鍵詞： 民國 開封 社會習(xí)俗　出處：《鄭州大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：晚清以來,西方資本主義列強(qiáng)不斷侵略中國,伴隨侵略而來的不僅有堅船利炮,而且有西方的文化。至民國時期,西方文化和以儒家思想為代表的中國傳統(tǒng)文化激烈碰撞。開封作為當(dāng)時的河南省省會,其衣食住行、婚喪嫁娶、節(jié)慶、宗教等社會習(xí)俗都或多或少地受到了西方文化的影響,一些習(xí)俗被摒棄,一些習(xí)俗發(fā)生變遷,與此同時,一些新的習(xí)俗產(chǎn)生,呈現(xiàn)中西習(xí)俗并存的特點。受西方文化的影響,一方面,西方的穿著樣式開始在開封上層民眾中出現(xiàn),一些西式建筑以及以汽車、火車為代表的新式交通工具開始走進(jìn)開封人的生活;另一方面,相當(dāng)一部分開封民眾的服飾、飲食、居住,仍秉持著古老的傳統(tǒng)。婚、葬是中國傳統(tǒng)文化中很重要的兩項。民國時期,接受過近代西方教育的人們開始反思中華民族的傳統(tǒng)文化。他們激烈批判中國傳統(tǒng)婚姻壓迫、束縛女性,傳統(tǒng)葬禮奢靡無度,認(rèn)為這些是封建文化的糟粕,并掀起轟轟烈烈的“新文化運(yùn)動”。在此背景下,開封出現(xiàn)了新式的婚禮、葬禮。同時,以春節(jié)為代表的中華傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日,在與西方文化的碰撞中,幾乎完好地保存延續(xù)了下來。民國時期,開封不僅有傳統(tǒng)的佛教和回教,也有隨著西方列強(qiáng)而來的基督教,同時還有在開封地區(qū)生存了近千年的猶太教。開封社會呈現(xiàn)出眾多宗教共存的情形。研究民國時期開封社會習(xí)俗,不僅有助于了解民國時期開封的社會狀況,而且對社會主義精神文明建設(shè)也有借鑒意義。
[Abstract]:Since the late Qing Dynasty, Western capitalist powers have been invading China, accompanied not only by a strong boat and guns, but also by Western culture, until the period of the Republic of China. Western culture and traditional Chinese culture represented by Confucianism collide. Kaifeng was the provincial capital of Henan Province at that time, its clothing, food, housing, marriage and funeral, festival. Religion and other social customs are more or less affected by Western culture, some customs have been abandoned, some customs have changed, at the same time, some new customs have emerged. By the influence of Western culture, on the one hand, the Western dress style began to appear in the upper class of Kaifeng, some Western-style buildings and cars. The new mode of transportation represented by train began to enter the life of Kaifeng people; On the other hand, quite a part of Kaifeng people's clothing, diet, living, still adhere to the ancient tradition. Marriage, burial is a very important traditional Chinese culture, the Republic of China period. People who received modern western education began to reflect on the traditional culture of the Chinese nation. They strongly criticized the oppression of Chinese traditional marriage, bound women, traditional funeral extravagance, think these are the dross of feudal culture. In this context, new weddings and funerals appeared in Kaifeng. At the same time, the traditional Chinese festival, represented by the Spring Festival, was in collision with western culture. During the period of the Republic of China, Kaifeng had not only traditional Buddhism and Islam, but also Christianity with the Western powers. At the same time, there are Jews who have lived in Kaifeng area for nearly a thousand years. There are many religious coexistence in Kaifeng society. It is not only helpful to understand the social conditions of Kaifeng during the Republic of China, but also to study the social customs of Kaifeng during the Republic of China. And also to the socialist spiritual civilization construction also has the reference significance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：K258;K892.4

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