【摘要】：王毓銓辨析"籍是籍、貫是貫",有助于澄清以往的模糊認(rèn)識,但又有矯枉過正之嫌,從明代文獻(xiàn)看,當(dāng)時"籍"與"貫"的含義已經(jīng)混融趨同。明代不少人既有原籍(也稱祖籍、本籍等,即祖先著籍地),又在其他地方占籍(也稱附籍、著籍等,即戶籍登記地),參加科舉考試、僉派徭役等場合例以后者為準(zhǔn);但在日常生活中,并無確定單一籍貫之必要,史籍和地方志著錄人物籍貫時也沒有統(tǒng)一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。明代的戶籍,可以區(qū)分為基本戶籍和次生戶籍兩大類,前者之間不能兼容并存,但可在其上疊加次生戶籍;后者有的屬于役籍,有的則與徭役無關(guān),都是在基本戶籍的基礎(chǔ)上編定的,因此可與基本戶籍兼容并存,而且一種次生戶籍之中往往包含數(shù)種基本戶籍。役籍與職業(yè)之間,雖然不能說毫無關(guān)系,但確實(shí)也不存在直接的對應(yīng)關(guān)系。
[Abstract]:Wang Yuquan's discrimination of "nationality is a nationality, tram" is helpful to clarify the vague understanding in the past, but there is also a suspicion of overcorrection. From the literature of the Ming Dynasty, the meaning of "book" and "penetration" has been mixed and converged at that time. In Ming Dynasty, many people not only had their place of origin (also known as ancestral origin, native nationality, etc.), but also occupied registration in other places (also known as attached books, etc., that is, domicile registration place), took part in imperial examination, sent corvee and other occasions to the latter. However, in daily life, there is no need to determine a single place of origin, and there is no unified standard for the description of historical records and local chronicles. The household registration in Ming Dynasty can be divided into two categories: basic household registration and secondary household registration. The former can not coexist compatible with each other, but it can be superimposed on it. Some of the latter belong to the service registration, others have nothing to do with corvee, they are compiled on the basis of the basic household registration, so they can coexist with the basic household registration, and a secondary household registration often contains several kinds of basic household registration. Although there is no relationship between service and occupation, there is no direct correspondence.
【作者單位】： 北京行政學(xué)院校刊編輯部;
【分類號】：K248;D691

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