【摘要】： 由審美趣味的研究現(xiàn)狀和意義來(lái)看,從社會(huì)學(xué)角度去研究繪畫、建筑、音樂(lè)等藝術(shù)形式的審美鑒賞和審美創(chuàng)造是現(xiàn)代美學(xué)研究的新方向。作為現(xiàn)代美學(xué)分支學(xué)科的審美社會(huì)學(xué)正是這個(gè)研究方向的集中體現(xiàn)。它的發(fā)展、積累及現(xiàn)狀有著自己的學(xué)術(shù)特色。第一、就其研究成果和積累來(lái)看,宏觀層面的理論體系已經(jīng)基本建立并不斷完善。第二、就其審美活動(dòng)的研究方法來(lái)看,大都以審美活動(dòng)中多種藝術(shù)形式共同體現(xiàn)的美趣味為研究依據(jù)。對(duì)于特定群體審美活動(dòng)與相關(guān)單個(gè)藝術(shù)形式的對(duì)應(yīng)研究,這些具體微觀研究層面還有相當(dāng)?shù)膶W(xué)術(shù)研究空間。第三、就其參與審美活動(dòng)的審美主體分類研究方面,往往關(guān)注于社會(huì)知識(shí)分子階層相關(guān)的審美活動(dòng),而社會(huì)其他階層審美活動(dòng)的歸納研究相對(duì)較少。第四、就其審美活動(dòng)研究的時(shí)代選擇方面,大都以近現(xiàn)代的審美活動(dòng)為學(xué)術(shù)研究的時(shí)代切入點(diǎn)。有著千年藝術(shù)發(fā)展史的人類文明,為審美社會(huì)學(xué)領(lǐng)域留下了許多值得進(jìn)一步探索的美學(xué)課題。 本文通過(guò)選擇典型時(shí)代背景下,針對(duì)特定階層的審美趣味與具體藝術(shù)形式相關(guān)的審美活動(dòng)采取對(duì)應(yīng)研究的方法。拓寬了審美社會(huì)學(xué)研究領(lǐng)域微中觀層面的研究深度,同時(shí)其具體的研究?jī)?nèi)容,為今后相關(guān)領(lǐng)域的研究提供了參考依據(jù)。 明初政權(quán)建立后,為了加強(qiáng)對(duì)中原地區(qū)的的控制,開(kāi)始采取休養(yǎng)生息的政策,社會(huì)生產(chǎn)力得到了逐漸的恢復(fù)。到明代中葉時(shí),國(guó)力逐漸達(dá)到強(qiáng)盛,經(jīng)濟(jì)得到繁榮發(fā)展。此時(shí)伴隨商品經(jīng)濟(jì)的繁榮而產(chǎn)生的明代市民階層開(kāi)始不斷發(fā)展壯大。與前代市民階層所不同,他們自出現(xiàn)之時(shí),就注定成為推動(dòng)中國(guó)邁向近代社會(huì)的一支重要力量,對(duì)明代政治、思想意識(shí)、社會(huì)風(fēng)俗、學(xué)術(shù)發(fā)展等方面都產(chǎn)生了重要的影響作用,成為明代社會(huì)最富有影響力的階層。像這樣一個(gè)可以對(duì)全社會(huì)發(fā)展有著巨大影響力的階層,其審美趣味能否對(duì)其時(shí)代藝術(shù)發(fā)展產(chǎn)生重要影響?假設(shè)可行,依據(jù)是什么?而他們又是如何產(chǎn)生影響作用的呢? 圍繞著這個(gè)“假設(shè)”的推斷,我們開(kāi)始了對(duì)市民階層的相關(guān)研究。首先,以古代城市為線索,對(duì)市民階層的興起、發(fā)展及歷史演變過(guò)程中構(gòu)成成員的不斷變化作了簡(jiǎn)短的回顧,并從政治、思想意識(shí)、社會(huì)風(fēng)俗、學(xué)術(shù)發(fā)展等方面論述了明代市民階層對(duì)明代社會(huì)發(fā)展所產(chǎn)生的巨大影響。然后,從歷史共同性和時(shí)代特殊性兩個(gè)方面,分析了明代市民階層審美趣味的特征,又從研究主體的審美感興能力、時(shí)代背景、近代啟蒙思想的影響等角度對(duì)其形成過(guò)程進(jìn)行了分析研究。最后,在審美趣味對(duì)繪畫藝術(shù)影響的理論分析的基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步確定明代市民階層審美趣味所影響的畫家范圍和程度。以沈周、文徵明、仇英三位明代代表畫家的藝術(shù)經(jīng)歷和藝術(shù)風(fēng)格的形成過(guò)程為事實(shí)依據(jù),分別論證了明代市民階層審美趣味對(duì)明代文人畫家和民間職業(yè)畫家,兩個(gè)重要的畫家群體的影響。從而,論證了明代市民階層審美趣味能夠?qū)γ鞔L畫藝術(shù)發(fā)展產(chǎn)生重要影響,這個(gè)“假設(shè)”推斷的可行性。
[Abstract]:From the perspective of the present situation and meaning of the study of the aesthetic taste, the aesthetic appreciation and the aesthetic creation of the art forms such as painting, building and music from the perspective of sociology are the new direction of the modern aesthetic study. The aesthetic sociology, which is the subject of modern aesthetics, is the reflection of this research direction. Its development, accumulation and present situation have its own academic characteristics. First, on the basis of its research results and accumulation, the theoretical system of the macro-level has been basically established and improved. Second, in view of the research method of its aesthetic activities, most of them are based on the beauty of the aesthetic activities. The specific micro-research level has considerable academic research space for the corresponding research of the specific group's aesthetic activities and the relevant individual art forms. Third, in terms of its participation in aesthetic subject classification of aesthetic activities, it is often concerned with the aesthetic activities related to the social intellectuals, and the conclusion of the aesthetic activities of other social groups is relatively small. The fourth, in terms of the times of the study of its aesthetic activities, most of the modern aesthetic activities are the entry point of the academic research. The human civilization with the development history of the thousand years has left many aesthetic subjects worthy of further exploration in the field of aesthetic sociology. In this paper, through the selection of the typical background, the corresponding study is taken for the aesthetic interest of the specific class and the aesthetic activities related to the specific art form. Methods: The research depth of the micro-mesoscopic level in the field of the study of the aesthetic sociology was widened, and the specific contents of the study were given. On the basis of the establishment of the early regime, in order to strengthen the control of the Central Plains, the social productive forces have been obtained in order to strengthen the control of the Central Plains. gradually restored. By the middle of the Ming Dynasty, the time of the middle period of the Ming Dynasty gradually reached the strength and the economy By the time of the prosperity of the commodity economy, the middle class of the Ming Dynasty began to not It is an important force for the development of China to the modern society, and it is of great importance to the political, ideological, social and academic development of the Ming Dynasty. The effect of the influence of the Ming Dynasty is the most rich shadow of the Ming Dynasty. A class that has a great influence on the development of the whole society, and whether the taste of the aesthetic interest can be made to the development of the art of the times. What's the important effect? It's supposed to be feasible, What's the basis? And how they're creating a shadow? In response to this 鈥淎ssumptions鈥，

本文編號(hào)：2415091