【摘要】：兩漢是中國(guó)封建教育和學(xué)術(shù)迅速崛起并發(fā)展的階段。漢初統(tǒng)治者在實(shí)行無(wú)為政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)政策的同時(shí)，也實(shí)行了較為寬松、開明的文化政策。在此背景下，漢代學(xué)術(shù)尤其是經(jīng)學(xué)的發(fā)展出現(xiàn)繁榮之勢(shì)。家學(xué)則是兩漢經(jīng)學(xué)史上十分普遍的現(xiàn)象，它與經(jīng)學(xué)的發(fā)展息息相關(guān)、相互影響，是兩漢經(jīng)學(xué)史上不可忽視的重要組成部分。 漢武帝以后，在“獨(dú)尊儒術(shù)”的文化政策影響下，漢朝的學(xué)校教育普遍發(fā)展，再加上以“經(jīng)學(xué)取士”為重要內(nèi)容的選官制度的確立，使得兩漢家學(xué)也得以蓬勃發(fā)展。一方面，這些經(jīng)學(xué)之家是漢代文化的重要傳承者之一，家學(xué)通過(guò)父子相傳的主要方式，對(duì)兩漢經(jīng)學(xué)的發(fā)展做出了不可磨滅的貢獻(xiàn)。另一方面，家世經(jīng)學(xué)常常形成累世公卿，這些由家學(xué)而致仕的勢(shì)力也是構(gòu)成兩漢時(shí)期國(guó)家政權(quán)的基礎(chǔ)之一。家學(xué)中多是名儒碩士，且常常擔(dān)任重要官職，積極參政議政。尤其是世代傳經(jīng)、地位顯赫的經(jīng)學(xué)世家，他們或代為帝師，或世居顯位，不僅是發(fā)展兩漢文化教育事業(yè)的重要力量，也是當(dāng)時(shí)國(guó)家政治力量的組成部分。 本論文主要運(yùn)用文獻(xiàn)分析和研究的方法，，力求在充分利用歷史文獻(xiàn)的基礎(chǔ)上，通過(guò)考、論結(jié)合，在兩漢政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化背景下，對(duì)家學(xué)的具體情況、規(guī)律特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行細(xì)致分析，由此凸現(xiàn)家學(xué)在兩漢經(jīng)學(xué)史上的重要地位，并從宏觀上掌握家學(xué)對(duì)兩漢政治文化的貢獻(xiàn)和影響。 本論文力爭(zhēng)在以下兩個(gè)方面有所創(chuàng)新： 首先，本文所探討的論題“兩漢家學(xué)研究”本身即有新意。漢代學(xué)術(shù)作為古代學(xué)術(shù)的一個(gè)重要組成部分，對(duì)當(dāng)世以及其后兩千年的中國(guó)學(xué)術(shù)思想都有著深刻的影響。前人對(duì)漢代學(xué)術(shù)已有頗多的研究和論述，有些問(wèn)題探討的相當(dāng)廣泛和深入，但是對(duì)“家學(xué)”現(xiàn)象的關(guān)注相對(duì)比較少，系統(tǒng)地從“家學(xué)”角度對(duì)兩漢學(xué)術(shù)進(jìn)行研究的著作更是少見。因此可以說(shuō)，“兩漢家學(xué)研究”論題本身是有一定新意的。 其次，本論文在充分利用前人成果的基礎(chǔ)上，通過(guò)分析研究提出了自己的觀點(diǎn)，并得出了一些結(jié)論。比如，家學(xué)往往通過(guò)父以傳子、子承父業(yè)以保持其繼承性，于是前人往往認(rèn)為父子所學(xué)必為一致，實(shí)際并不是如此，家學(xué)中改學(xué)的現(xiàn)象較多，也很突出。此外本論文在考論過(guò)程中，十分注重從全局出發(fā)，并不是孤立的關(guān)注“家學(xué)”現(xiàn)象，而是把它放在兩漢經(jīng)學(xué)的背景下，發(fā)掘其規(guī)律特點(diǎn)以及與經(jīng)學(xué)發(fā)展的同異。
[Abstract]:The Han Dynasty was the stage of the rapid rise and development of Chinese feudal education and learning. In the early Han Dynasty, the rulers carried out policy of inaction and economy, but also carried out liberal and enlightened cultural policy. In this context, the Han Dynasty academic, especially the development of the emergence of prosperity. Family learning is a very common phenomenon in the history of Confucian classics in the Han Dynasty. It is closely related to the development of Confucian classics and has an important influence on each other. It is an important part of the history of Confucian classics in the Han Dynasty. After Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty, under the influence of the cultural policy of "respecting Confucianism alone", the school education of Han Dynasty developed generally, and the establishment of the system of selecting officials with the important content of "taking scholars from the classics" made the family studies of the Han dynasties flourish. On the one hand, these schools of Confucian classics are one of the important inheritors of Han Dynasty culture. Through the main ways of father-son transmission, they have made an indelible contribution to the development of Confucian classics in the Han Dynasty. On the other hand, the family life classics often form the official Qing Dynasty, which is one of the bases of the state power in the Han Dynasty. Most of them are masters of Confucianism, and often hold important official positions, actively participate in politics. In particular, it is not only an important force to develop the cultural and educational undertakings of Han Dynasty, but also a component of the political power of the country at that time. This paper mainly uses the method of literature analysis and research to make full use of the historical literature, through examination, through the combination of theory, under the political, economic, cultural background of the Han Dynasty, to the specific situation of the family, the characteristics of the law to carry on the detailed analysis. From this, the important position of family study in the history of Confucian classics in the Han Dynasty is highlighted, and its contribution and influence to the political culture of the Han Dynasty are grasped from the macro perspective. This thesis tries to innovate in the following two aspects: first, the thesis "the study of the Han Dynasty" itself has new ideas. As an important part of ancient learning, Han Dynasty academic thought had a profound influence on the contemporary and 2000 Chinese academic thought. There have been many researches and expositions on the academic studies of the Han Dynasty, and some problems have been discussed extensively and deeply, but the attention to the phenomenon of "family learning" is relatively few. It is rare to systematically study the academic works of Han Dynasty from the angle of "Family Studies". Therefore, it can be said that the topic of "the study of the Han Dynasty" itself has certain new ideas. Secondly, on the basis of making full use of the previous achievements, this paper puts forward its own viewpoint through analysis and research, and draws some conclusions. For example, the family school often through the father to pass on the son, the son inherits the father to maintain its inheritance, therefore the predecessor often thinks that the father and son learns must be consistent, actually is not so, the home studies changes the phenomenon to be many, also very prominent. In addition, this thesis pays much attention to the whole situation, not the phenomenon of "home study", but puts it in the background of the study of Confucian classics in the Han Dynasty, and explores the characteristics of its laws and differences with the development of Confucian classics.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2006
【分類號(hào)】：K234;G529

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