【摘要】： 西漢是漢民族形成的重要時期，漢民族形成時所加強(qiáng)的民族自我意識和民族客體意識是漢民族的民族意識的主要內(nèi)容，且奠定了漢民族基本的共同心理素質(zhì)。本論主要從以下幾個方面對西漢時期漢民族的民族意識進(jìn)行分析。 (1) 民族與國家的演進(jìn)關(guān)系。以注重族別之分和族類自我體認(rèn)為旨趣的民族意識，并非只是到近代才出現(xiàn)，它其實(shí)是一種很古老的觀念。這種古老的觀念形成離不開古代國家的建立。民族與國家是互為依存的關(guān)系。國家總是由一定民族構(gòu)成的，而國家的存在又加強(qiáng)了民族族體認(rèn)同。漢民族的民族意識在西漢得到加強(qiáng)，很大程度上是由于統(tǒng)一的封建官僚國家的建立。 (2) 西漢時期漢民族的自我意識。自我意識主要體現(xiàn)在對自我民族族統(tǒng)的追述、對自我民族文化的認(rèn)識與把握、對主流歷史的追述和對自身國家的認(rèn)同四個方面。這表明漢民族雖還沒有一個完全固定的自稱，但這個民族對我族已有相當(dāng)高的認(rèn)同感。 (3) 西漢時期漢民族的客體意識�？腕w意識是在自我意識的基礎(chǔ)上，與周邊民族頻繁交往得以產(chǎn)生和得到加強(qiáng)的。西漢不同時期的民族政策正是基于漢民族對我族和他族的不同認(rèn)識和評價的客體意識。由于客體意識是不斷變化的，不同時期的不同思想背景的人們對我族與他族的認(rèn)識和評價有所不同，其客體意識大同中有小異。 (4) 西漢時期漢民族的民族意識與傳統(tǒng)的天下觀相比也是有同有異。天下觀的形成與漢民族的民族意識的形成都與早期中國多民族存在的歷史事實(shí)相關(guān)。不論是漢民族意識還是天下觀思想都滲透著華夏中心主義思想觀念。漢民族民族意識與天下觀相互影響。漢民族的民族意識與天下觀的區(qū)別在于：天下觀比民族意識更系統(tǒng)。天下觀從理論上看比較世界主義，而漢民族意識則是具體現(xiàn)實(shí)的政治產(chǎn)物。 (4) 西漢時期漢民族的民族意識的意義在于促成了漢民族的形成，，其局限是漢民族民族意識中所包含的民族中心主義防礙了漢族對他族的了解。
[Abstract]:The Western Han Dynasty is an important period for the formation of the Han nationality. The national self-consciousness and the national object consciousness strengthened in the formation of the Han nationality are the main contents of the Han nationality's national consciousness, and have laid the basic common psychological quality of the Han nationality. This paper mainly analyzes the national consciousness of Han nationality in the Western Han Dynasty from the following aspects. (1) the relationship between nationality and state. The national consciousness, which pays attention to the difference of the clan and the self-body of the race, is not only appeared in modern times, but actually is a very old idea. The formation of this ancient concept can not be separated from the establishment of ancient countries. Nations and nations are interdependent. The state is always made up of certain ethnic groups, and the existence of the state strengthens the ethnic identity. The national consciousness of the Han nationality was strengthened in the Western Han Dynasty, to a large extent, because of the establishment of a unified feudal bureaucratic state. (2) the self-consciousness of the Han nationality in the Western Han Dynasty. The self-consciousness is mainly reflected in the following four aspects: the tracing of the self-national unity, the understanding and grasp of the self-national culture, the tracing of the mainstream history and the recognition of one's own country. This indicates that the Han nationality does not have a completely fixed claim, but this nationality has a high sense of identity to our nationality. (3) the object consciousness of the Han nationality in the Western Han Dynasty. On the basis of self-consciousness, object consciousness is produced and strengthened by frequent communication with neighboring nationalities. The national policy in different periods of the Western Han Dynasty is based on the object consciousness of the Han nationality's different cognition and evaluation to our nationality and other nationality. Because the consciousness of object is constantly changing, people from different ideological backgrounds in different periods have different understanding and evaluation of our nationality and other people. (4) the national consciousness of Han nationality in the Western Han Dynasty is different from the traditional view of the world. The formation of the view of the world and the formation of the national consciousness of the Han nationality are all related to the historical facts of the existence of many nationalities in early China. Both the Chinese national consciousness and the idea of the world are permeated with the ideology of Huaxia-centrism. The consciousness of Han nationality and the view of the world influence each other. The difference between the national consciousness of Han nationality and the view of the world lies in the fact that the view of the world is more systematic than the consciousness of the nation. In theory, the view of the world compares cosmopolitanism. The Han nationality consciousness is the political product of the concrete reality. (4) the significance of the Han nationality consciousness in the Western Han Dynasty lies in the formation of the Han nationality. Its limitation is that the ethnocentrism contained in the Han nationality consciousness hinders the Han nationality's understanding of other nationalities.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2003
【分類號】：K234.1

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 戴羽;《沖突與整合—魏晉南北朝民族意識研究》[D];寧波大學(xué);2011年

本文編號：2279560