論戰(zhàn)國土地私有制——對20世紀80年代以來戰(zhàn)國授田制觀點的質疑
發(fā)布時間：2018-10-12 13:07
【摘要】：戰(zhàn)國農戶土地的最初來源有"分田"和"授田"兩條途徑。"分田"就是取消井田內部"公田"和"私田"的界限,將土地分配給各個家庭,這是戰(zhàn)國農戶土地最初來源的主要途徑。"授田"是國家將手里控制的土地授予特定人群和外來人口。"授田"來源于國有土地,但授予后即歸被授予者所有,與"分田"都屬于私有土地。"賜田"是永業(yè),可以傳之子孫。戰(zhàn)國時期,由轉讓和買賣所導致的土地兼并已有一定程度的發(fā)展。睡虎地秦簡《封診式·封守》所載內容是案件處理參照的文書格式,并非真實的案例,不能證明土地的國有性質。戰(zhàn)國土地可以繼承、轉讓和買賣的事實說明,戰(zhàn)國土地所有制的基本形式是土地私有制,而不是土地國有制。戰(zhàn)國時期,國家對于農業(yè)生產干預較多,是統(tǒng)治者重視"耕戰(zhàn)"的體現(xiàn),與土地所有權無關。
[Abstract]:The original sources of peasant land in the warring States period were divided farmland and farmland grant. " Division of farmland "is to abolish the boundary between" public field "and" private field "within the mine field and to distribute land to each family, which is the main way of the original origin of land for peasant households in the warring States period." The granting of farmland is the granting of land under the control of the state to specific groups of people and foreign populations. The granting of farmland "originates from state-owned land, but after granting it is owned by the grantee, and the division of land belongs to private land." To give land "is a permanent inheritance that can be passed on to children and grandchildren." During the warring States period, the land annexation caused by the transfer and sale has developed to a certain extent. The contents contained in Siehudi Qin Bamboo slips "sealing and guarding" are the form of documents referring to the handling of cases, which are not true cases and cannot prove the state-owned nature of the land. The fact that land can be inherited, transferred and sold during the warring States period shows that the basic form of land ownership in the warring States period is land private ownership, not land state ownership. During the warring States period, the state intervened more in agricultural production, which was the embodiment of rulers' attaching importance to "farming war" and had nothing to do with land ownership.
【作者單位】： 南京師范大學社會發(fā)展學院;
【基金】：江蘇省社會科學基金項目“出土簡牘與戰(zhàn)國秦漢土地制度研究”(項目批準號:11LSB003)的階段性成果
【分類號】：F301.1;K231
[Abstract]:The original sources of peasant land in the warring States period were divided farmland and farmland grant. " Division of farmland "is to abolish the boundary between" public field "and" private field "within the mine field and to distribute land to each family, which is the main way of the original origin of land for peasant households in the warring States period." The granting of farmland is the granting of land under the control of the state to specific groups of people and foreign populations. The granting of farmland "originates from state-owned land, but after granting it is owned by the grantee, and the division of land belongs to private land." To give land "is a permanent inheritance that can be passed on to children and grandchildren." During the warring States period, the land annexation caused by the transfer and sale has developed to a certain extent. The contents contained in Siehudi Qin Bamboo slips "sealing and guarding" are the form of documents referring to the handling of cases, which are not true cases and cannot prove the state-owned nature of the land. The fact that land can be inherited, transferred and sold during the warring States period shows that the basic form of land ownership in the warring States period is land private ownership, not land state ownership. During the warring States period, the state intervened more in agricultural production, which was the embodiment of rulers' attaching importance to "farming war" and had nothing to do with land ownership.
【作者單位】： 南京師范大學社會發(fā)展學院;
【基金】：江蘇省社會科學基金項目“出土簡牘與戰(zhàn)國秦漢土地制度研究”(項目批準號:11LSB003)的階段性成果
【分類號】：F301.1;K231
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