從黑城出土文書(shū)看元代貨幣制度
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-27 16:03
【摘要】：黑城位于今內(nèi)蒙古阿拉善盟額濟(jì)納旗境內(nèi),是西夏黑水城和元代亦集乃路遺址。1983年至1984年,內(nèi)蒙古考古隊(duì)工作者在這里進(jìn)行了兩次大規(guī)模的考古發(fā)掘工作,出土了大量珍貴文書(shū)。這些文書(shū),絕大部分屬于元代,漢文文書(shū)經(jīng)李逸友先生整理研究,1991年由科學(xué)出版社出版,定名為《黑城出土文書(shū)》(漢文文書(shū)卷)。 本文研究的是該書(shū)第183頁(yè)的拾肆“票據(jù)類”中搜集的三件印有“都提舉萬(wàn)億寶源庫(kù)”的票券。筆者結(jié)合同期出土的《鹽券》、《倉(cāng)票》,并根據(jù)史料,對(duì)三件票券的印造年代、內(nèi)容、性質(zhì)及其所反映出的元代貨幣體制和財(cái)政狀況進(jìn)行了研究。關(guān)于票券的印造年代,根據(jù)史料對(duì)其進(jìn)行了推斷。對(duì)于票券的內(nèi)容,依據(jù)元代貨幣制度和貨幣管理體制及宋、金貨幣史料,就“都提舉萬(wàn)億寶源庫(kù)”、“至元鈔拾定”、“偽爛短少”、“檢鈔司庫(kù)”、“提調(diào)官”及券面上加蓋的朱紅官印等內(nèi)容進(jìn)行了考釋。關(guān)于票券的性質(zhì),在李逸友先生研究的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合鹽券F126:W2、倉(cāng)票F105:W5,依據(jù)史料對(duì)其作了深入的探究,論證其為“鈔本”的命名是成立的,并對(duì)鈔本的發(fā)展演變及其在元代貨幣體制中作用、鈔本挪用對(duì)紙幣的影響、鈔本的印造發(fā)行等內(nèi)容進(jìn)行了考證。在上述研究的基礎(chǔ)上,就鈔本挪用所反映出的元代財(cái)政收支失衡的原因及其對(duì)社會(huì)帶來(lái)的通貨膨脹等問(wèn)題進(jìn)行論述。 總之,通過(guò)上述研究,對(duì)三件票券的印造年代、內(nèi)容、性質(zhì)及其所反映的元代貨幣制度和財(cái)政狀況有了明確的認(rèn)識(shí),以文書(shū)實(shí)物論證了元代中晚期朝廷印造、發(fā)行鈔本這一史實(shí),從而與《元史》記載的元代中晚期政府為彌補(bǔ)財(cái)政虧空多次印造、發(fā)行“鈔本”的史料相印證,為我們研究元代中晚期財(cái)政狀況提供了珍貴的實(shí)物依據(jù)和第一手材料,對(duì)研究元代社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)和通貨膨脹具有特殊的價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:Heicheng is located in the Ejina Banner of the present Alashan League in Inner Mongolia. It is the site of Heishui City in the Western Xia and Yicinai Road in the Yuan Dynasty. From 1983 to 1984, the Inner Mongolia archaeologists carried out two large-scale archaeological excavations here. A large number of valuable documents were unearthed. Most of these documents belong to Yuan Dynasty. The Chinese documents were collected and studied by Mr. Li Yiyou, and published by Science Publishing House in 1991. They were named "documents unearthed in Black City" (Chinese document Volume). In this paper, we study three bills printed with "hold up trillion Treasuries" in the book's 183rd page "Bill". According to the historical data, the author studied the printing age, content, nature and the monetary system and financial situation of the three bills of the Yuan Dynasty, which were unearthed in the same period. As to the printing date of the ticket, we infer it according to the historical data. With regard to the contents of the bills, according to the monetary system and monetary management system of the Yuan Dynasty and the historical data of the Song and Jin currencies, they all "raised the source of trillion-dollar treasures", "collected and fixed the Yuan banknotes", "feigned short notes," and "treasurers for checking banknotes." The contents of the Diao Guan and the scarlet official seal on the surface of the coupons were studied and explained. As to the nature of the ticket, on the basis of the research by Mr. Li Yiyou, combining with the salt bill F126: W2 and the warehouse ticket F105: W5, according to the historical data, this paper makes a deep inquiry into it, and proves that the name of "banknote book" is established. The development and evolution of the banknote and its role in the monetary system of the Yuan Dynasty, the influence of the misappropriation of the banknote on the banknote, the printing and issuing of the banknote are also studied. On the basis of the above research, this paper discusses the causes of the imbalance of fiscal revenue and expenditure in Yuan Dynasty and the inflation brought about by the misappropriation of banknotes. In a word, through the above research, we have a clear understanding of the printing age, content, nature and the monetary system and financial situation of the Yuan Dynasty, and demonstrate the printing of the three bills in the middle and late Yuan Dynasty by means of documents. This historical fact of issuing banknotes confirms the historical data recorded in the "Yuan History" that the government issued "banknote books" many times in order to make up for the deficit in finance. It provides precious material basis and firsthand materials for us to study the financial situation in the middle and late Yuan Dynasty, and has special value for the study of social economy and inflation in Yuan Dynasty.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2006
【分類號(hào)】：K247
本文編號(hào)：2148357
[Abstract]:Heicheng is located in the Ejina Banner of the present Alashan League in Inner Mongolia. It is the site of Heishui City in the Western Xia and Yicinai Road in the Yuan Dynasty. From 1983 to 1984, the Inner Mongolia archaeologists carried out two large-scale archaeological excavations here. A large number of valuable documents were unearthed. Most of these documents belong to Yuan Dynasty. The Chinese documents were collected and studied by Mr. Li Yiyou, and published by Science Publishing House in 1991. They were named "documents unearthed in Black City" (Chinese document Volume). In this paper, we study three bills printed with "hold up trillion Treasuries" in the book's 183rd page "Bill". According to the historical data, the author studied the printing age, content, nature and the monetary system and financial situation of the three bills of the Yuan Dynasty, which were unearthed in the same period. As to the printing date of the ticket, we infer it according to the historical data. With regard to the contents of the bills, according to the monetary system and monetary management system of the Yuan Dynasty and the historical data of the Song and Jin currencies, they all "raised the source of trillion-dollar treasures", "collected and fixed the Yuan banknotes", "feigned short notes," and "treasurers for checking banknotes." The contents of the Diao Guan and the scarlet official seal on the surface of the coupons were studied and explained. As to the nature of the ticket, on the basis of the research by Mr. Li Yiyou, combining with the salt bill F126: W2 and the warehouse ticket F105: W5, according to the historical data, this paper makes a deep inquiry into it, and proves that the name of "banknote book" is established. The development and evolution of the banknote and its role in the monetary system of the Yuan Dynasty, the influence of the misappropriation of the banknote on the banknote, the printing and issuing of the banknote are also studied. On the basis of the above research, this paper discusses the causes of the imbalance of fiscal revenue and expenditure in Yuan Dynasty and the inflation brought about by the misappropriation of banknotes. In a word, through the above research, we have a clear understanding of the printing age, content, nature and the monetary system and financial situation of the Yuan Dynasty, and demonstrate the printing of the three bills in the middle and late Yuan Dynasty by means of documents. This historical fact of issuing banknotes confirms the historical data recorded in the "Yuan History" that the government issued "banknote books" many times in order to make up for the deficit in finance. It provides precious material basis and firsthand materials for us to study the financial situation in the middle and late Yuan Dynasty, and has special value for the study of social economy and inflation in Yuan Dynasty.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2006
【分類號(hào)】：K247
【引證文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條
1 陳瑞青;;黑水城所出元代甘肅行省豐備庫(kù)錢糧文書(shū)考釋[J];寧夏社會(huì)科學(xué);2012年02期
相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條
1 劉廣瑞;黑水城所出元代帶編號(hào)文書(shū)初探[D];河北師范大學(xué);2009年
2 馬朵朵;元代信貸問(wèn)題研究[D];河北師范大學(xué);2010年
，本文編號(hào)：2148357
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