本文選題：朝貢 + 邦交��； 參考：《暨南大學(xué)》2006年博士論文

【摘要】：明朝是中越關(guān)系從無序、不明朗狀態(tài)發(fā)展至規(guī)范化、制度化的重要階段。從明朝與安南的邦交互動來看,大致分為三個時期:第一,洪武、永樂時期。明太祖吸取了宋、元?dú)v史的經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn),試圖恢復(fù)中國傳統(tǒng)的邦交理念,構(gòu)建一個以中國為主導(dǎo),有等級秩序的、和諧的理想世界秩序。然而,由于安南陳朝自立意識的膨脹,與明太祖理想世界的構(gòu)想發(fā)生沖突,致使明、安之間圍繞宗藩關(guān)系、占、安爭端、明、安邊境糾紛等問題,不斷發(fā)生磨擦。至明成祖時,矛盾進(jìn)一步激化,陳天平事件便成為了明成祖征討安南的導(dǎo)火線。第二,從宣德至嘉靖中葉。熙宗、宣宗對明朝在安南的統(tǒng)治現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行反省后,決定放棄安南,并圍繞兩國的宗藩關(guān)系進(jìn)行交涉,安南黎朝承諾遵循洪武所定的制度,對明朝嚴(yán)格實(shí)行三年一貢;明、安之間邊境的糾紛則以“彼此利便,永息紛爭”為原則,進(jìn)行友善的交涉;對占、安關(guān)系,明朝以不偏不倚的態(tài)度進(jìn)行調(diào)解,并沒有進(jìn)行直接的干預(yù),因此,在這一百年間,明、安關(guān)系具有穩(wěn)定、和平與規(guī)范的特點(diǎn);第三,晚明時期,明朝與安南同處于朝政衰敗狀態(tài),但由于安南黎、莫兩度易權(quán),明朝藉此機(jī)會對其削藩降爵,僅授予“都統(tǒng)使”之職,等同于內(nèi)地。但是,即便如此,安南不論是莫朝,或是中興黎朝,實(shí)質(zhì)上依然是“自帝其國”。明朝對安南政權(quán)的交替并不拘泥于傳統(tǒng)的“興滅繼絕”的理念,基本上是承認(rèn)既成事實(shí),并在“一個安南”的原則上處理兩國的宗藩關(guān)系;此外,為了自身安全與利益,明朝適度地施以“存莫抑黎”的手段,通過保護(hù)莫氏殘余來達(dá)到抑制中興黎朝的目的。在明、安關(guān)系中,安南由于受其歷史淵源與地緣政治的影響,安、明的宗藩關(guān)系內(nèi)容與其它藩國有所區(qū)別,安南對明朝的入貢主要是藉封自重與威鄰,并不存在經(jīng)濟(jì)利益的追求。而有明一代,對安關(guān)系也從明初追求以“德”“禮”為基礎(chǔ)的理想的天下秩序,到晚明時期實(shí)行務(wù)實(shí)的保境安民政策的轉(zhuǎn)變,這一演變主要受到國力萎縮與學(xué)術(shù)文化價(jià)值觀的演變所影響。
[Abstract]:The Ming Dynasty is the important stage of the Sino Vietnamese relations from the disorder and the unclear state to the standardization and institutionalization. From the interaction between the Ming Dynasty and Annan's diplomatic relations, it is roughly divided into three periods: first, Hongwu and Yongle period. Ming Tai Zu absorbed the experience and lessons of the song Dynasty and the yuan history, tried to restore the traditional Chinese concept of diplomatic relations and set up a Chinese leadership. There is a hierarchical and harmonious ideal world order. However, because of the expansion of the self-reliance consciousness of Annan Chen Dynasty, it conflicts with the idea of the ideal world of the Ming Tai Zu, resulting in the constant friction between the Ming and the emperor of the suzerain vassal relations, the dispute, the Ming and the border disputes. To Ming Cheng Zu, the contradiction further intensified, and the Chen Tianping incident was He became the leading line of Annan in the Ming Dynasty. Second, from Xuande to the middle of Jiajing, xuzong decided to give up Annan after the Ming Dynasty reexamined the state of Annan's rule, and negotiated the relationship between the two countries, and Annan pledged to follow the system established by Hong Wu and strictly implement the border between the Ming Dynasty and the Ming Dynasty for three years. In the one hundred years, the relations of the Ming Dynasty were stable, peaceful and standard, and third, the Ming Dynasty and Annan were in the political decline of the Ming Dynasty. However, because Annan Li and mo were two degrees of power, the Ming Dynasty took this opportunity to chipping down the vassal and descending of the vassal vassal, only granting the office of "all unification" to the mainland. However, even so, Annan, whether it was the mocho, or Zhongxing Li Dynasty, was still "the country of the emperor" in essence. The alternation of the Ming Dynasty to the Annan regime was not confined to the traditional "rise and fall". The idea is basically to recognize the fait accompli, and to deal with the patriarchal vassal relationship between the two countries on the principle of "one Annan". In addition, for the sake of his own security and interests, the Ming Dynasty appropriately applied the means of "preserving the mod and suppressing Lebanon" in the Ming Dynasty by protecting the remnants of the Mohs to suppress the Zhongxing Li Dynasty. In the Ming Dynasty, Annan was subjected to its historical abyss. In the influence of source and geopolitics, the content of the relationship between the emperor and the Ming Dynasty was different from that of other vassal states. Annan's tribute to the Ming Dynasty was mainly by self weight and its neighbour, and there was no pursuit of economic interests. The transformation of the policy of protecting the environment and protecting the people is mainly affected by the decline of national power and the evolution of academic and cultural values.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：暨南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2006
【分類號】：K248

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

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本文編號：2016234