本文選題：兩漢 + 豫州　； 參考：《鄭州大學(xué)》2007年碩士論文

【摘要】： 本文主要分成五個(gè)部分，如下： 第一部分是兩漢行政區(qū)劃與地方各級(jí)組織。主要是根據(jù)兩漢時(shí)地方區(qū)劃將全國(guó)分成四個(gè)部分，即州、郡(諸侯王國(guó))、縣(侯國(guó)、邑、道)、鄉(xiāng)。并對(duì)每一部分的劃分及演變情況進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)述。地方組織分成州官、郡官、縣官、鄉(xiāng)官四級(jí)。對(duì)每一級(jí)機(jī)構(gòu)中官吏分別進(jìn)行介紹，通過(guò)這一部分，首先使我們對(duì)兩漢時(shí)地方行政區(qū)劃與各級(jí)組織有一個(gè)整體認(rèn)識(shí)。 第二部分是對(duì)豫州及其各級(jí)官吏概述。這一部分主要對(duì)豫州的演變發(fā)展情況進(jìn)行概括，并對(duì)其所轄各級(jí)官吏進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)述。 第三部分是對(duì)豫州各級(jí)官吏進(jìn)行分述。這是本文的重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容，主要從以下四個(gè)方面展開(kāi)論述： 州級(jí)官吏，主要考察與分析州刺史(牧)。在對(duì)州級(jí)官吏進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)與分析之前，將兩漢時(shí)州的演變及州級(jí)官吏的變化與職掌以及州屬吏與其長(zhǎng)官的關(guān)系進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單梳理。對(duì)這些州級(jí)官吏進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)與分析，主要是對(duì)官吏的出身及其文化修養(yǎng)、遷轉(zhuǎn)原因及來(lái)源、任職時(shí)間與業(yè)績(jī)、卸任后去向、任職時(shí)代等方面進(jìn)行，并對(duì)每方面都認(rèn)真概括與原因剖析，以便能從中發(fā)現(xiàn)某些規(guī)律。 郡級(jí)官吏，在兩漢史書(shū)及其他資料中，有關(guān)郡守的記載是比較多的，太守在兩漢大部分時(shí)間都是地方最高行政長(zhǎng)官，掌“千里之域”治“百萬(wàn)之民”，地方治理好壞及國(guó)家統(tǒng)治都與郡守密切相關(guān)，故兩漢特重郡守，因而在統(tǒng)計(jì)與分析郡級(jí)官吏時(shí)，將重點(diǎn)放在太守與諸侯王相方面，，分析方法與州級(jí)官吏基本相同。關(guān)于郡佐吏與屬吏，也盡可能將其搜集進(jìn)來(lái)，視其影響大小進(jìn)行分析。 縣級(jí)官吏，重點(diǎn)放在縣令長(zhǎng)與侯相方面。兩漢雖尤重郡守，但對(duì)出宰“百里之縣”的直接親民官令長(zhǎng)(相)也并不輕視，在統(tǒng)計(jì)與分析縣級(jí)官吏時(shí)與州、郡官吏也大致一樣。這部分也仍然采用有詳有略的方式，通過(guò)具體材料加以分析，進(jìn)一步找出原因與規(guī)律。 鄉(xiāng)級(jí)官吏，主要包括鄉(xiāng)有秩、嗇夫、游徼、亭長(zhǎng)。兩漢時(shí)對(duì)這些微秩小吏記載非常少，至于豫州各地鄉(xiāng)官更是廖廖無(wú)幾，無(wú)法對(duì)其展開(kāi)分析，故此，這部分內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)略分析。 第四部分是對(duì)兩漢豫州地區(qū)的官吏進(jìn)行總述。從州、郡國(guó)、縣、鄉(xiāng)四級(jí)官吏的統(tǒng)計(jì)與分析看兩漢地方官吏設(shè)置情況并對(duì)豫州各級(jí)官吏在兩漢時(shí)所處地位進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)述。 第五部分是對(duì)統(tǒng)計(jì)與分析豫州各級(jí)官吏的意義進(jìn)行總結(jié)，以期達(dá)到“古為今用”的目的。
[Abstract]:This paper is divided into five parts, as follows: The first part is the administrative division of the Han Dynasty and local organizations at all levels. Mainly according to the local division of the Han Dynasty, the whole country is divided into four parts, namely, state, county (feudal kingdom, county (Hou, Yi, Dao, Xiang). And the division and evolution of each part are briefly described. Local organizations are divided into four levels: state, county, county and township. Through the introduction of the officials in each level of organization, first of all, we have an overall understanding of the local administrative divisions and the organizations at all levels in the Han Dynasty. The second part is an overview of Yuzhou and its officials at all levels. This part mainly generalizes the evolution and development of Yuzhou, and briefly describes the officials at all levels under its jurisdiction. The third part is the division of officials at all levels in Yuzhou. This is the main content of this paper, mainly from the following four aspects: State officials, the main investigation and analysis of the history of state thorns. Before the statistics and analysis of the state officials, the evolution of the state during the Han Dynasty, the changes of the state officials and their duties, and the relationship between the state officials and their superiors were simply combed. The statistics and analysis of these state officials are mainly about the origin and culture of the officials, the reasons and sources of their transfer, the time and achievements of their posts, the future after leaving office, the times of their posts, and so on. In order to find some laws, we should summarize and analyze the causes of each aspect carefully. County officials, in the history books of the Han Dynasty and other materials, there are more records about the county guards. During most of the Han Dynasty, Tai-Shou was the chief administrative officer of the local government, who was in charge of the "territory of thousands of miles" and governed "millions of people." Local governance and national rule are closely related to the county guard, so the Han Dynasty attaches great importance to the county guard, so in statistics and analysis of county officials, the emphasis is placed on Tai-Shou and all the kings, and the analytical method is basically the same as that of the state officials. As for county officials and subordinates, they are collected as much as possible and analyzed according to their influence. Officials at the county level, focusing on the county commander and the Marquis side. Although the Han Dynasty especially heavy county guard, but out of the "hundred li county" of the direct pro-people officials (phase) also do not despise, in statistics and analysis of county officials and state, county officials are roughly the same. This part still uses the detailed and brief way, through the concrete material to analyze, further finds out the reason and the rule. Township officials, mainly including the rank of township, Sik Fu, Yu Mah, Pavilion Chang. In the Han Dynasty, there were very few records of these minor officials, and there were very few rural officials in Yuzhou, so they could not be analyzed. Therefore, this part was briefly analyzed. The fourth part is a general description of the officials in Henan region of Han Dynasty. From the statistics and analysis of state, county, county and township officials, this paper analyzes the establishment of local officials in the Han Dynasty and briefly describes the position of all levels of officials in Yuzhou during the Han Dynasty. The fifth part summarizes the significance of statistics and analysis of officials at all levels in Yuzhou in order to achieve the purpose of "using the past for the present".
【學(xué)位授予單位】：鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2007
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：K234

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