本文選題：明清 + 農(nóng)書　； 參考：《南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2007年碩士論文

【摘要】： 明清時期在我國漫長的歷史長河中有著舉足輕重的地位，這一時期的農(nóng)書編纂亦呈現(xiàn)出鮮明的時代特征。明清農(nóng)書不僅在數(shù)量上全面超越了以前各個歷史時期，而且其內(nèi)容廣博，涉及了農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)的各個方面，并且對明清農(nóng)業(yè)的發(fā)展起到了十分重要的推動作用。 明代中期以后，“經(jīng)世致用”思潮風(fēng)行；明末清初和清末出現(xiàn)了兩次“西學(xué)東漸”的高潮；“農(nóng)本”思想得到進一步強化；以科舉考試制度為特征的精英教育與民間大眾教育緊密結(jié)合；出版印刷業(yè)繁榮。所有的這些都成為了明清農(nóng)書創(chuàng)作的有利條件，促成了明清時期農(nóng)書創(chuàng)作高潮期的出現(xiàn)。受儒家“經(jīng)世致用”思想的熏陶和封建王朝重農(nóng)思想的影響，士人群體是明清農(nóng)書的創(chuàng)作主體，而這其中，具有進士、舉人等科舉功名身份的各級官員和在野士大夫又占了相當(dāng)大的比重。 以地方性農(nóng)書為代表，明清農(nóng)書有著顯著的地域特征，而明清時期普遍實行的地方官員任職地域回避制度有效地促進了區(qū)域農(nóng)學(xué)的交流。明清農(nóng)書的創(chuàng)作也體現(xiàn)出了一定的時代特征，，如明代農(nóng)書的創(chuàng)作的高峰期是在嘉靖以后，而光緒朝則是清代農(nóng)書創(chuàng)作的興盛時期。這其中既有“經(jīng)世致用”思潮的影響，也有海外貿(mào)易的刺激，又有美洲新作物的推動。 借助于明清農(nóng)書，明清農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)知識的傳播在農(nóng)書作者與農(nóng)民之間是一個互動的過程。明清民間大眾教育的繁榮使得廣大農(nóng)民具備了一定的閱讀能力，這是農(nóng)書在農(nóng)民群體間傳播的前提。由于明清時期出版印刷業(yè)發(fā)達，農(nóng)書的價格并不是農(nóng)書傳播流布的重大障礙，而明清時期多元化的圖書發(fā)行渠道也有利于農(nóng)書的傳播。明清時期的民間日用類書能有效地傳播物候、農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)知識。圖說性質(zhì)的農(nóng)書因其圖文并茂、通俗易懂，故廣受歡迎。明清農(nóng)書在海外的傳播促進了中西衣學(xué)的交流，擴大了中華農(nóng)業(yè)文明在世界范圍內(nèi)的影響。
[Abstract]:The Ming and Qing dynasties played an important role in the long history of our country. The agricultural books in Ming and Qing dynasties not only exceeded the previous historical periods in quantity, but also contained a wide range of contents and involved all aspects of agricultural production, and played a very important role in promoting the development of agriculture in Ming and Qing dynasties. After the middle period of Ming Dynasty, the trend of thought of "applying the world to the world" became popular; there were two climaxes of "the western learning to the east" in the late Ming Dynasty and the early Qing Dynasty and the late Qing Dynasty, and the thought of "peasant origin" was further strengthened. The elite education, characterized by the imperial examination system, closely combined with the folk education, and the publishing and printing industry flourished. All these have become the favorable conditions for the creation of agricultural books in the Ming and Qing dynasties, and contributed to the emergence of the peak period of the creation of agricultural books in the Ming and Qing dynasties. Influenced by the Confucian thought of "applying the world to the world" and the feudal dynasty's thought of emphasizing agriculture, the scholar group was the main creative subject of the agricultural books in the Ming and Qing dynasties, and among them, there were Jin Shi. Officials at all levels and officials in opposition took a large proportion of imperial examinations. With the local agricultural books as the representative, the Ming and Qing agricultural books have remarkable regional characteristics, and the regional avoidance system of the local officials held office during the Ming and Qing dynasties has effectively promoted the exchange of regional agronomy. The creation of agricultural books in the Ming and Qing dynasties also reflected certain characteristics of the times, such as the peak period of the creation of agricultural books in the Ming Dynasty was after Jiajing, and the Guang Xu Dynasty was the prosperous period of the creation of agricultural books in the Qing Dynasty. These include the influence of the trend of thought, the stimulation of overseas trade, and the promotion of new crops in America. With the help of the agricultural books of the Ming and Qing dynasties, the dissemination of agricultural production knowledge in the Ming and Qing dynasties is an interactive process between the farmers and the farmers. The prosperity of folk education in Ming and Qing dynasties made the peasants have certain reading ability, which is the premise of the spread of agricultural books among farmers. As the publishing and printing industry developed in the Ming and Qing dynasties, the price of agricultural books was not a major obstacle to the spread of agricultural books, and the diversified distribution channels of books in the Ming and Qing dynasties were also conducive to the dissemination of agricultural books. The folk daily books in Ming and Qing dynasties can effectively spread phenology and agricultural production knowledge. The illustrative agricultural books are popular because they are rich in text and easy to understand. The spread of agricultural books abroad in Ming and Qing dynasties promoted the exchange of Chinese and Western clothing studies and expanded the influence of Chinese agricultural civilization in the world.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2007
【分類號】：K248

【引證文獻】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 李輝;《山居錄》研究[D];吉林大學(xué);2011年

2 許敏蓓;明清時期太湖地區(qū)茶葉生產(chǎn)研究[D];南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2011年

本文編號：1872143