本文選題：唐代文學(xué)　切入點：諫官　出處：《陜西師范大學(xué)》2002年博士論文

【摘要】： 唐朝是中國古代君權(quán)有限制度實行得最有效的時代，同時也是中國古代文學(xué)發(fā)展的巔峰時期。這一時期文學(xué)與政治找到了一個十分便當(dāng)?shù)娜诤宵c，即政治的文人化和諫官制度的規(guī)范化。唐代有成就的文學(xué)家大都曾任諫官，即使未任諫官，亦都具有諫官心態(tài)，其政治生活和藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作都深深地打下了諫官的烙印，因此，系統(tǒng)分析唐代諫官與文學(xué)的關(guān)系，對認(rèn)識唐代政治和文學(xué)是十分有益的。 本文先從中國政治思想中有關(guān)君權(quán)有限的理論人手，從宏觀上把握中國文學(xué)的諫政話語體系以及政治母題，確立了全文的基本思路。然后簡要地介紹了唐代諫官設(shè)置的特點以及諫官任職資格中的文學(xué)因素，分析唐代政治對文學(xué)的具體要求以及文人在唐代政治體系中的地位，以散騎常侍、給事中、諫議大夫、起居郎、補闕、拾遺等諫宮中的文學(xué)家為主要對象，比較高級諫官和低級諫宮中的文學(xué)家們的人生經(jīng)歷以及政治作用，揭示唐代諫官的政治命運與唐王朝的政治命運的內(nèi)在關(guān)聯(lián)。這是政治制度層面上的討論。此外，本文還從儒家和道家(教)文化與政治的關(guān)系入手，分析了唐代諫官的政治正義感的形成及其人格特征，從文化心理的角度，探討唐代文學(xué)家的政治角色的多樣性，以突出儒道文化對中國政治的深刻影響。最后以文學(xué)本體為對象，系統(tǒng)分析唐代文人的諫臣意識與文學(xué)意識，揭示唐代主要詩人的諫臣意識對唐代文學(xué)發(fā)展的影響，給文學(xué)創(chuàng)作與政治活動的關(guān)系提供一個相對客觀的參照。 本文的主要結(jié)論有：1．儒家君權(quán)有限理論的是諫諍的理論基礎(chǔ)；士大夫是實踐君權(quán)有限的行為主體�！暗馈笔俏膶W(xué)與政治對話的“意義情結(jié)”，它成了文學(xué)創(chuàng)作的最高準(zhǔn)則，“志”是實現(xiàn)文學(xué)與政治對話的基本話語體系，是融人了文、政、道諸種因素的藝術(shù)形態(tài)。受諫諍意識的影響，中國古代文學(xué)形成了人格修養(yǎng)、感物言志、諫政實踐這三大政治母題。2．唐代諫官制度是中國古代政治制度中比較完善的部分。唐代諫官設(shè)置中有三大特色：官職分工與諫凈合作、進諫制度化與隨意性相結(jié)合、帝王和宰相有所回避，這三大特色使得諫官行使諫職具有較大獨立性。3．諫諍是一項綜合了諸種文化因素的政治實踐，儒家對唐代文人諫臣意識的形成及其諫諍活動產(chǎn)生了很大影響。唐代開國時期有作為的諫官大都受到了王通務(wù)實求變的政治哲學(xué)的影響；唐代經(jīng)學(xué)家中不少人就是諫官，特別是中唐時期興起的啖趙《春秋》學(xué)，對中唐政治及文學(xué)家都有直接的作用；儒家建立在諫議基礎(chǔ)之上的君 ”fh 門 S 臣之學(xué)在貞觀時代得到了成功實踐，貞觀政要》真實地記載了這段歷史，因此《貞 觀政要》是一部政治教課書。4．道教（家）的政治道德中有極強的諫凈意識，唐代 許多以諫凈著稱的文學(xué)家和政治家都與道教密切的聯(lián)系。5．唐代文學(xué)家諫官的 諫凈活動和諫臣意識對唐代文學(xué)的發(fā)展起了重要的作用。唐代貞觀時期的文學(xué)設(shè) 計、陳子昂時期的文學(xué)自我確認(rèn)、元白韓李柳時代的文學(xué)革新思潮，都是文學(xué)家的 諫凈意識催生的。6．唐代諫官任職資格中文學(xué)因素占有相當(dāng)大的比重，因此唐代 政治意義上的文學(xué)既不同于漢代以博學(xué)為主的文學(xué)，也不同于南北朝時期以華艷 為主的文學(xué)，它要求文才、吏能、德性三者的中和，這種特色構(gòu)成唐代政治文人化的 重要標(biāo)志之一。7．唐代文學(xué)家大都出任過諫官，雖然時間有長有短，官職有高有 低，但都是唐代政治中的積極分子，，任諫官成為其人生實踐和文學(xué)創(chuàng)作難得的材 料。8．唐代從開國到滅亡，政治風(fēng)氣以及對人才需求標(biāo)準(zhǔn)時有變化，諫凈風(fēng)氣經(jīng) 歷了波浪式的發(fā)展，但只有在晚唐才有諫官因諫而被殺的事件，諫官的消失與唐王 朝的滅亡基本同步。9．唐代文學(xué)家諫官的政治命運隨著唐代政治風(fēng)氣和諫凈風(fēng) 氣的變化而變化，從而使得唐代文學(xué)也呈現(xiàn)出波浪式的發(fā)展特色。
[Abstract]:The Tang Dynasty is China system of the limited monarchical power was conducted most effectively, but also the development of ancient Chinese literature Chinese peak. During this period, politics and literature found a very easy fusion point, namely politics of the literati and the standardization of the admonisher system in Tang Dynasty. Successful writers mostly served as advisors, even admonisher also has not any official mentality, the political life and artistic creation deeply laid the brand, therefore, the system analysis of the relationship between the official and the literature in Tang Dynasty, is very useful for understanding of politics and literature in Tang Dynasty.
This thesis starts from the Chinese political thoughts about theory of the limited monarchical power of hands, grasp the China literature remonstrative politics discourse system and political motif from the macro, established the basic ideas of this paper. Then briefly introduces the characteristics of the Tang Dynasty and set the official official literary factors qualifications, status analysis, specific requirements of the Tang Dynasty political literature the scholars in the Tang Dynasty and the political system in the next, to the matter, counsellor doctor, living Lang, compartmentallized.the, etc. to palace literary supplements as the main object, the writers have higher admonisher and lower Jian palace life experience and political role, inner Association revealed the political fate of Tang and Tang Dynasty admonisher the fate of the political dynasty. It is discussed the level of political system. In addition, this paper also from Confucianism and Taoism (teach) of the relationship between culture and politics, analyzes the Tang Dynasty government official The formation and treatment of personality characteristics of sense of justice, from the perspective of cultural psychology, to explore the diversity of the political role of writers in the Tang Dynasty, Confucianism and Taoism culture in order to highlight the profound influence on the political China. Finally to literary ontology as the object, the system analysis of the Tang dynasty literati Jianchen consciousness and literature consciousness, revealing the leading poets in the Tang Dynasty Jian Chen consciousness the influence of the Tang Dynasty literature development, to the relationship between literary creation and political activities to provide a relatively objective reference.
The main conclusions of this paper are: 1. the limited monarchical power theory is the theoretical basis of remonstration; literati is the practice of the limited monarchical power behavior. "Tao" is a literary and political dialogue "complex", it became the highest standards of literary creation, "ambition" is the basic literary discourse system and political dialogue that is integrated into the text, political factors, road art form. Influenced by the awareness of remonstration, Chinese ancient literature of the personality, sense of ambition, remonstration practice of three major political motif.2. in the Tang Dynasty admonisher system is an integrated part of the political system in ancient Chinese. There are three characteristics of the Tang Dynasty admonisher settings: Office of division of labor and to net cooperation, voice system and random combination of the emperor and the prime minister have avoided, these three characteristics make the post exercise remonstrance have considerable independence.3. advice is a comprehensive various The practice of political and cultural factors have great influence on the formation of the Tang Dynasty's Confucian literati remonstrance consciousness and dissuasion activities. In Tang Dynasty period as the court admonisher mostly by Wang Tong and pragmatic political philosophy; many people in Tang Dynasty by experts is advisors, especially in the period of the rise of the taste of spring and autumn, Zhao < > and have a direct role in the political and literary criticism; based on the basis of the Confucian gentleman
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The officials of the school has been successful practice in the early times, the history of the real record Zhenguan politicians so < >, Fiona
The concept of political > is a political textbook.4. Taoism (home) has a strong sense of political morality to the net, the Tang Dynasty
Many famous writers in Jian net and politicians are close contact with Taoism.5. the writer of the Tang Dynasty
Plays an important role in the development of Jian net activity and counselor awareness of literature in the Tang Dynasty. The Tang Dynasty Zhenguan period of literature.
As a result, the Literary Self - confirmation of the Chen Ziang period and the literary innovation trend in the era of Li and Han Li and li Liu are both literary writers.
The birth of the net remonstrance awareness of the.6. qualification Chinese remonstration officials factors occupy a large proportion, so the Tang Dynasty
Literature in political sense is not only different from the literature of the Han Dynasty, but also from the northern and Southern Dynasties.
The main literature, it requires talent, and the three officials, virtue, the characteristics of the Tang dynasty literati of the political
One of the important signs of.7. literature in Tang Dynasty mostly served as advisors, although the time length, there are high
Low, but they are active in Tang Dynasty politics, as admonisher become the life practice and literature creation of rare materials
.8. Tang Dynasty from the founding to its end, the political atmosphere and the demand for talent standards have changed, the remonstrance of net culture
After wave type development, but only the official was killed for suggestion and events are only in the late Tang Dynasty, and the Tang disappeared
At the demise of basic synchronization.9. writer of the Tang Dynasty official political destiny with the political atmosphere and the Tang Dynasty Jian net wind
The change of Qi makes the literature of the Tang Dynasty also present the characteristic of the wave type.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：陜西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2002
【分類號】：I206.2;K242

【引證文獻】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 孔祥俊;唐長安送別詩與灞柳文化[D];西北大學(xué);2010年

本文編號：1680237