本文選題：明清　切入點(diǎn)：山陜商人　出處：《西北大學(xué)》2010年博士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】： 進(jìn)入上世紀(jì)九十年代后,中國(guó)商幫研究始終是學(xué)術(shù)界關(guān)注的熱點(diǎn)問(wèn)題之一。其中,晉商研究和陜商研究均已取得很好的成績(jī)。但是目前,關(guān)于晉商和陜商的研究都是分省的割裂式研究,這種研究忽視了一個(gè)基本事實(shí),即明清時(shí)期,晉商與陜商在較長(zhǎng)的歷史時(shí)期和經(jīng)營(yíng)空間內(nèi),都是以“山陜商人”的聯(lián)省商幫面目出現(xiàn)的,被稱(chēng)為“西商”或“山陜商人”。因此,明清時(shí)期,山陜商人不是孤立于彼此而獨(dú)立發(fā)展的,他們之間存在著既復(fù)雜又微妙的相互關(guān)系。故而本文試圖進(jìn)行一次山陜商人的整體式研究,即以山陜商人為研究對(duì)象,著重研究二者之間的相互關(guān)系,特別其中的聯(lián)合關(guān)系,以期能夠管中窺豹,了解明清時(shí)期山陜商人共同的成功經(jīng)商規(guī)律。 為了更有效地探求明清山陜商人的相互關(guān)系,特別是相互聯(lián)合關(guān)系,本文首先在山陜商人聯(lián)合的可能性分析中介紹了山陜商人的基本概況,即明清時(shí)期,山西商人和陜西商人在經(jīng)營(yíng)項(xiàng)目、商品來(lái)源地、商品銷(xiāo)售市場(chǎng)、經(jīng)商路線等方面存在著“交集”,這些交集使山陜商人出于規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)的考慮,完全有可能走向聯(lián)合。然后,本文從歷史、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化等方面分析了山陜商人聯(lián)合的原因,從而認(rèn)為,明清時(shí)期,山陜商人之間存在聯(lián)合關(guān)系是成立的。繼而,本文又通過(guò)討論山陜商人聯(lián)合的經(jīng)濟(jì)形式和組織形式,說(shuō)明山陜商人之間的聯(lián)合,在經(jīng)濟(jì)上和組織上是如何實(shí)現(xiàn)的。緊接著,本文分析了山陜商人在全國(guó)各地特別是在河南、湖北、山東、甘肅等地的聯(lián)合情況。最后,本文分析了山陜商人之間的聯(lián)合因難免存在的競(jìng)爭(zhēng),而表現(xiàn)出的分分合合的靈活性。通過(guò)對(duì)山陜商人聯(lián)合中靈活性的分析,說(shuō)明了山陜商人之間相互關(guān)系中的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)方面,從而完成對(duì)明清時(shí)期山陜商人相互關(guān)系的整體分析。通過(guò)對(duì)山陜商人的整體研究,本文得出結(jié)論：明清時(shí)期,山陜商人之間存在著以聯(lián)合為主的、既聯(lián)合又競(jìng)爭(zhēng)相互關(guān)系。在各章的研究中,本論文都綜合運(yùn)用歷史分析與經(jīng)濟(jì)分析相結(jié)合的方法,全方位多角度對(duì)問(wèn)題進(jìn)行分析。本文的創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)在于：將山陜商人的相互關(guān)系,作為統(tǒng)一的研究對(duì)象,特別研究了山陜商人相互關(guān)系中聯(lián)合關(guān)系的發(fā)生、發(fā)展及其運(yùn)動(dòng)變化規(guī)律,克服了單獨(dú)研究晉商和單獨(dú)研究陜商的局限性；對(duì)山陜商人的資本組織形式進(jìn)行對(duì)比,特別研究了山陜商人的合伙制；對(duì)明清時(shí)期山陜商人在全國(guó)所建的會(huì)館進(jìn)行了分省數(shù)量統(tǒng)計(jì),并對(duì)其分布特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行分析：從經(jīng)商路線的角度入手,詳細(xì)論述了明清山陜商人在河南、湖北、甘肅等省聯(lián)合的基本情況。 明清時(shí)期,山陜商人之間以聯(lián)合為主的、既聯(lián)合又競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的相互關(guān)系,是中國(guó)商業(yè)史上最生動(dòng)最有趣的經(jīng)濟(jì)現(xiàn)象之一,研究山陜商人的相互關(guān)系,不僅有利于打破學(xué)術(shù)研究的分割狀態(tài),而且,對(duì)兩省經(jīng)濟(jì)的區(qū)域聯(lián)合發(fā)展,也具有啟發(fā)意義。
[Abstract]:Since -10s, Chinese business group research has always been one of the hot issues in academic circles. Among them, Shanxi business research and Shaanxi business research have made good achievements. But at present, The studies on Shanxi and Shaanxi merchants are divided into provinces. This kind of research ignores a basic fact, that is, in the Ming and Qing dynasties, Shanxi merchants and Shaanxi merchants were in a long historical period and business space. They all appeared as "merchants of Shan and Shan", and were called "Western merchants" or "merchants of Shan and Shan". Therefore, during the Ming and Qing dynasties, Shanshan merchants did not develop independently of each other. There is a complex and delicate relationship between them, so this paper tries to carry out a comprehensive study of Shanshan merchants, that is, taking Shanshan merchants as the research object, focusing on the relationship between the two, especially the joint relationship. In order to be able to look into the leopard, understand the Ming and Qing dynasties Shan merchants common successful business laws. In order to explore more effectively the relationship between Shanshan and Shaanxi merchants in Ming and Qing dynasties, especially the joint relationship between them, this paper first introduces the basic situation of Shanshan merchants in the analysis of the possibility of the association of Shanshan and Shaanxi merchants, that is, the Ming and Qing dynasties, which is the period of the Ming and Qing dynasties. There is a "intersection" between Shanxi businessmen and Shaanxi businessmen in business projects, commodity sources, commodity sales markets, trade routes, and so on. These intersections make it possible for Shanshan businessmen to move toward union out of the consideration of economies of scale. Then, This paper analyzes the causes of Shanshan businessmen 'union from the aspects of history, economy and culture, and concludes that there was a joint relationship between Shan and Shan merchants in Ming and Qing dynasties. By discussing the economic and organizational forms of Shanshan and Shaanxi businessmen 'union, this paper explains how the economic and organizational integration between Shanshan and Shaanxi businessmen is realized. Then, this paper analyzes the Shan-Shan businessmen in various parts of the country, especially in Henan. Hubei, Shandong, Gansu and other places. Finally, this paper analyzes the flexibility of integration between Shanshan and Shaanxi businessmen because of the inevitable competition. Through the analysis of the flexibility of Shanshan businessmen 'association, This paper explains the competition aspect of the relationship between Shanshan and Shaanxi merchants, thus completes the overall analysis of the relationship between Shanshan and Shaanxi merchants in the Ming and Qing dynasties. Through the overall study of the Shanshan businessmen, this paper draws a conclusion: the Ming and Qing dynasties, the period of the Ming and Qing dynasties, There is a combination between Shanshan-Shaanxi businessmen, which is both joint and competitive. In the study of each chapter, this paper combines historical analysis with economic analysis. The innovation of this paper is that the relationship between the businessmen of Shanshan and Shaanxi is regarded as a unified object of study, especially the occurrence, development and the law of movement change of the joint relationship between the businessmen of Shanshan and Shaanxi. It overcomes the limitations of studying Shanxi merchants alone and Shaanxi merchants separately, compares the capital organization forms of Shanshan businessmen, and especially studies the partnership system of Shanshan businessmen. This paper makes statistics on the number and distribution of Shanshan merchants' halls in the whole country during the Ming and Qing dynasties, and analyzes their distribution characteristics. From the angle of business route, the paper discusses in detail the merchants of Shan and Shan in the Ming and Qing dynasties in Henan and Hubei. The basic situation of Gansu and other provinces United. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, the relationship between the businessmen of Shanshan and Shaanxi, mainly United and competitive, was one of the most vivid and interesting economic phenomena in the history of Chinese business. It is not only beneficial to break the division of academic research, but also enlightening to the regional joint development of the two provinces.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：K248

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