本文選題：漢代　切入點(diǎn)：邊防　出處：《華中師范大學(xué)》2013年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：兩漢時(shí)期的邊疆防御體系,是兩漢王朝國(guó)家統(tǒng)治的重要軍事保障。本文以兩漢時(shí)期邊防體系構(gòu)建為主題,以現(xiàn)有的資料為基礎(chǔ),結(jié)合傳世文獻(xiàn)與出土文獻(xiàn),在研究方法上,以歷史學(xué)、軍事學(xué)和邊疆學(xué)等相結(jié)合的方式,注重對(duì)邊防體系整理輪廓的把握。本文旨在通過(guò)對(duì)邊防體系的構(gòu)建情況分析,探討邊防體系對(duì)邊疆地區(qū)發(fā)展的影響,探索邊防區(qū)域內(nèi)游牧民族與農(nóng)耕民族之間的聯(lián)系,揭示邊防體系在漢代戰(zhàn)略文化和政治制度層面上的貢獻(xiàn),以及為后世歷代邊防體系發(fā)展所奠定的堅(jiān)實(shí)基礎(chǔ)。 漢代邊疆防御范圍的劃分。在拋棄狹隘的邊防線概念的基礎(chǔ)上,漢代邊疆主要是指三個(gè)范疇內(nèi)的邊疆：行政區(qū)劃范疇、軍事駐防機(jī)構(gòu)范疇和地緣結(jié)構(gòu)范疇。邊郡在邊防區(qū)域中處于主體地位,軍事駐防機(jī)構(gòu)加強(qiáng)了對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)氐拿褡逯卫砼c軍事統(tǒng)領(lǐng),而西域地區(qū)在漢代邊防中的特殊地位以及他在地緣政治中所扮演的角色給漢王朝以及周邊民族政權(quán)所帶來(lái)的影響也頗為深遠(yuǎn)。 邊防領(lǐng)導(dǎo)體系的結(jié)構(gòu)和軍事武裝力量。漢代邊防的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)體系也是由幾個(gè)層次組成。在邊郡有行政領(lǐng)導(dǎo)體系；在邊地有屯田領(lǐng)導(dǎo)體系；作戰(zhàn)時(shí),有將軍“幕府”的指揮系統(tǒng)。多層次的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)結(jié)構(gòu),將邊防體系的各項(xiàng)職責(zé)任務(wù)進(jìn)行了分區(qū)管理,加強(qiáng)了漢王朝在各個(gè)領(lǐng)域?qū)叿赖挠行Ч芾怼Ｕ麄�(gè)體系都是圍繞武裝力量更好的發(fā)揮其應(yīng)有的作用而相互集結(jié)整合的。 邊防軍事工程建設(shè)和邊防體系的物資供給模式。這個(gè)體系的構(gòu)成,大致可以看作烽燧(亭燧)基點(diǎn)組成連接城障中心構(gòu)成邊塞線的邊防土木工程形式,以點(diǎn)——線——帶的防御層次組成工程體系。漢代的防御體系主要由候望系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)作來(lái)完成偵察報(bào)警的任務(wù),是漢代邊塞防御系統(tǒng)中的重要組成部分。邊防的交通建設(shè)和郵驛制度所呈現(xiàn)的邊防使命正是邊防土木工程的作用與邊防信息傳遞相結(jié)合的契點(diǎn)。由于邊疆與內(nèi)地的經(jīng)濟(jì)聯(lián)系以及邊防的后勤需要都使邊防物資補(bǔ)給成為維持邊防體系有效運(yùn)作的物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ)。 邊防的行政職責(zé)。設(shè)置在邊疆地區(qū)的關(guān)、津等作為國(guó)家的門戶,一方面發(fā)揮軍事防御的作用,一方面也具有維護(hù)管理邊疆社會(huì)安定的行政功能。尤其邊防法律對(duì)邊疆社會(huì)所起到的控制功能,主要表現(xiàn)在對(duì)人身、戰(zhàn)略物資方面的管控上。邊防領(lǐng)導(dǎo)機(jī)構(gòu)還承擔(dān)著漢王朝涉外事務(wù)的運(yùn)作和管理等職責(zé),漢王朝借外交的手段促進(jìn)邊疆的穩(wěn)定,鞏固邊防。邊疆社會(huì)的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展也是邊防工作的組成部分,與域外民族政權(quán)的經(jīng)濟(jì)來(lái)往甚至成為邊防守御的政治、軍事籌碼。 兩漢王朝的國(guó)防戰(zhàn)略與邊疆的隱患。漢代戰(zhàn)略文化的發(fā)展是社會(huì)歷史經(jīng)驗(yàn)的積累、國(guó)家價(jià)值觀念的認(rèn)識(shí),民族心理定位的共同作用形成的。漢代的戰(zhàn)略文化對(duì)治邊政策,邊防戰(zhàn)略的制定和實(shí)施是統(tǒng)治者執(zhí)行國(guó)家意志的思想原則和指導(dǎo)方針。漢代的邊防體系也存在著某些缺陷和隱患。邊防作為國(guó)家統(tǒng)治機(jī)器的組成部分,在政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)的多重影響下,不可避免的也同王朝的繁榮衰亡同榮辱共進(jìn)退。
[Abstract]:The Han Dynasty frontier defense system is an important guarantee of the Han Dynasty military rule. Based on the national defense system in the Han Dynasty building as the theme, based on available information, combined with the masterpieces of literature and unearthed documents, the research method, such as history, military science and frontier science combination, finishing on the contour the grasp of the defense system. This paper aims to construct the situation analysis of the border system, to explore the influence of border system development in border areas, border region exploration between nomadic and farming ethnic relations, reveals the defense system in the Han Dynasty with the strategic level of cultural and political system, and lay a solid foundation for the development of future generations the border of the system.
The division of the frontier defense range. Based on the concept of abandon the narrow border line, the border is mainly refers to three categories: administrative division of frontier military garrison organization category, category and geographic structure category. The border counties in the main position in the border area, the military in preventing mechanism to strengthen the local national governance and the military command, and western regions in the Han Dynasty and the special status of the frontier role he plays in the geopolitical impact to the Han Dynasty and the surrounding national regime is also quite profound.
The structure and the military forces. The border border system of leadership leadership system is composed of several layers. The administrative leadership system of border counties in the borderland in order; leadership system; combat command system, a general "shogunate". The leadership structure of multi-level defense system, will the various responsibilities and tasks of the partition management, strengthen the Han Dynasty in all areas of the border of effective management. The whole system is on the armed forces to better play its due role and mutual assembly integration.
Material supply model of border military engineering construction and defense system. The composition of this system, can be roughly as beacons (Ting Sui) point connecting city center line border frontier barrier of civil engineering, engineering system to point line with the Han Dynasty. The level of defense defense system is mainly composed of presentiment system operation reconnaissance alarm task, is an important part of the Han frontier defense system. The border traffic construction and post system of border mission is and border border information of civil engineering transfer combined point. Because of the frontier and the mainland economic ties and border logistics need to border supplies as the material foundation for maintaining the effective operation of defense system.
Border administrative duties. Set in the border area, Tianjin as the gateway of a country, play a military defense role on the one hand, on the one hand, also with the maintenance of social stability management frontier administrative functions. Especially the control function of legal border frontier society played by the main table now to a human body, the strategic materials border control. Leadership also bear the Han Dynasty foreign affairs operation and management responsibilities, the Han Dynasty through diplomatic means to promote the stability of the border areas and consolidating frontier defense. Part of the social and economic development is the frontier frontier work, and other national regime economic ties and even become the frontier defense of the political, military power.
The Han Dynasty frontier defense strategy and risks. Development of the Han Dynasty's strategic culture is the social and historical experience, understanding of national values, contribute to national psychological positioning. The strategy of Han culture policies, the formulation and implementation of the frontier strategy is the rulers of the executive thought principles and guidelines for national will in the Han Dynasty. The border system also exist some defects and problems. As part of the national border, ruling machine in politics, multiple influence economy, inevitable with the prosperity of the decline of dynasty with honor to retreat.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：E254;K234

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