本文關(guān)鍵詞：論清代中藥業(yè)的經(jīng)營(yíng)與貿(mào)易　出處：《鄭州大學(xué)》2006年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 清代 中藥業(yè) 國(guó)內(nèi)發(fā)展 貿(mào)易交流

【摘要】：歷史悠久的中醫(yī)是我國(guó)的四大國(guó)粹之一，與它源于一體的中藥也受到國(guó)內(nèi)外人士的關(guān)注，世界衛(wèi)生組織稱“中醫(yī)藥是世界傳統(tǒng)醫(yī)藥的榜樣”。中醫(yī)藥的發(fā)展道路從古到今是漫長(zhǎng)的，經(jīng)過(guò)長(zhǎng)期發(fā)展積累，到了清代，我國(guó)封建社會(huì)藥業(yè)發(fā)展處于繁盛時(shí)期。文章試從藥業(yè)的國(guó)內(nèi)發(fā)展和對(duì)外貿(mào)易情況加以分析探討。 國(guó)內(nèi)藥業(yè)市場(chǎng)逐漸趨于成熟，出現(xiàn)幾大藥市，如百泉(今河南輝縣)，樟樹(今江西清江樟樹)，祁州(今河北安國(guó))，禹州(今河南禹州)，藥市制定了會(huì)規(guī)和章程，官府派人監(jiān)督、負(fù)責(zé)貿(mào)易活動(dòng)。這些藥市在國(guó)內(nèi)的藥材貿(mào)易中擔(dān)當(dāng)重要角色。隨著藥材的不斷采集，農(nóng)業(yè)墾殖的擴(kuò)張、林木等山地資源的開發(fā)，藥材市場(chǎng)供不應(yīng)求，于是藥材種植大規(guī)模興起；由于藥材市場(chǎng)的成熟發(fā)展，商人對(duì)市場(chǎng)的經(jīng)營(yíng)通過(guò)藥行、藥號(hào)和藥鋪等機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)行，藥業(yè)行會(huì)組織針對(duì)這些機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)行有效的管理。 清時(shí)藥材的內(nèi)、外貿(mào)易也出現(xiàn)了不同，原來(lái)主要是朝貢貿(mào)易(官方貿(mào)易)，和民間貿(mào)易。兩種形式在清代并存，，更側(cè)重于民間貿(mào)易。國(guó)內(nèi)貿(mào)易路線比前代有了進(jìn)步，內(nèi)地和西南各省，內(nèi)地和沿海各省都有貿(mào)易往來(lái)，形成復(fù)雜的貿(mào)易網(wǎng)。藥材對(duì)外貿(mào)易方式有直接貿(mào)易、轉(zhuǎn)口貿(mào)易。這期間藥物對(duì)外貿(mào)易的國(guó)家增多，藥物出口數(shù)量多，藥業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)效益可觀。 我國(guó)的中醫(yī)藥文化，通過(guò)藥物交流得到廣泛傳播，如醫(yī)藥人員的交往和醫(yī)藥書籍的對(duì)外傳播，同時(shí)國(guó)外的醫(yī)藥傳入國(guó)內(nèi)，豐富了我國(guó)的中醫(yī)藥寶庫(kù)。
[Abstract]:A long history of traditional Chinese medicine is one of the four traditional Chinese medicine, and it is rooted in the development are paid attention by domestic and overseas WHO, said "TCM is the essence of the world traditional medicine". The development of Chinese medicine since ancient times is a long road, after a long period of development, to the Qing Dynasty, China's feudal pharmaceutical in the prosperous period of social development. This article tries to analyze from the domestic development of pharmaceutical industry and foreign trade.
The domestic pharmaceutical market has gradually become mature, appear a few big city of medicine, such as Baiquan (now Henan Huixian (now Jiangxi Qingjiang), camphor camphor), Qi State (now Hebei Anguo), Yuzhou (now Henan Yuzhou), drug formulated the rules and regulations, the government sent supervision, responsible for trade activities. The city of medicine play an important role in medicine trade in China. With the continuous acquisition of medicinal materials, agricultural expansion, the development of forest, mountain resources, medicine market demand, so the rise of large-scale planting; because the mature development of medicine market, taking on the market business by medicine, medicine and pharmacy, pharmaceutical and other institutions, the organization of these institutions for effective management.
Clear medicine, foreign trade also appeared, the original is the main tributary trade (official trade), and folk trade. Two kinds of forms in the Qing Dynasty coexist, focuses more on the folk trade. Domestic trade routes than previous generations have made progress, the mainland and the southwest provinces, there are trade between the mainland and the coastal province and the formation of complex trade network. Medicinal materials trade has direct trade, entrepot trade. During this period, foreign trade increased national drug, drug export quantity, pharmaceutical and considerable economic benefit.
The culture of Chinese medicine has been widely spread through drug communication, such as the communication between medical personnel and the dissemination of medical books. Meanwhile, the introduction of foreign medicine into China has enriched the treasure house of Chinese medicine.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2006
【分類號(hào)】：K249

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 曹春婷;1930-1940年代上海藥材業(yè)及其群體研究[D];上海師范大學(xué);2011年

2 楊二蘭;祁州藥市的歷史考察[D];蘇州大學(xué);2008年

本文編號(hào)：1362571