保加利亞人口國際遷移現(xiàn)狀研究（2007-2015）
發(fā)布時間：2019-01-04 13:50
【摘要】：在全球化的年代,人類社會逐漸成為一個多元文化、多元價(jià)值、多元結(jié)構(gòu)的綜合體,隨著商品和資金的大量流動,以提高生活質(zhì)量為目的的勞動力流動也逐漸增加。這使得跨國遷移逐漸成為現(xiàn)代生活方式不可缺少的一部分,它被當(dāng)代一些理論家稱為繼商品、資本之后的"全球化第三大浪潮",是世界各國政府及學(xué)術(shù)界逐漸重視的課題。保加利亞的人口國際遷移一度對本國的人口發(fā)展造成了嚴(yán)重的影響。最近十年,即2007年保加利亞加入歐盟之后,保加利亞的外遷人口在持續(xù)增加,但因遷入保加利亞的人口也顯示出增長的勢頭,該國的人口機(jī)械增長率較之90年代有很大的提高。此外,保加利亞人口遷移目的國近年來也出現(xiàn)了戲劇性的變化-美國、加拿大對保國移民的吸引力有所減小,西班牙、德國等歐盟國家對保加利亞外遷人口的吸引力優(yōu)勢明顯。與此同時,近年來,隨著"16+1"合作與"一帶一路"倡議的不斷推進(jìn),中國與中東歐國家合作加深。經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化、政治上的交流促進(jìn)了中國和保加利亞之間的人口遷移。本文從保加利亞人口遷移歷史入手,通過對保加利亞2007年加入歐盟后的人口國際遷移的現(xiàn)狀與特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行分析,并在搜集到一手?jǐn)?shù)據(jù)及文獻(xiàn)的基礎(chǔ)上,繪制出保加利亞人口機(jī)械增長率近年來的變化態(tài)勢,進(jìn)而探究保加利亞人口國際流動的特點(diǎn)與效應(yīng)。本文從社會學(xué)和文化學(xué)的角度出發(fā),采用回顧性分析、比較研究、問卷調(diào)查分析、數(shù)據(jù)列舉、文件分析等多種研究方法,通過綜合分析、比對得出結(jié)論:2007年加入歐盟以后,保加利亞的遷出人口增長速率變慢,而遷入人口持續(xù)增長,未來甚至可能出現(xiàn)移入人口多于移出人口的情況。本文在第一章的導(dǎo)論中解釋了選題的必要性、創(chuàng)新性、所用的研究方法,以及所要達(dá)到的研究目的。在第二章中首先對移民、國際移民的定義與分類,和當(dāng)今世界國際遷移總體特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行了分析。第三章從歷史回顧的角度,列舉了 2007年以前保加利亞移民的幾個典型階段,并具體描述了加入歐盟以后保加利亞的移民變化態(tài)勢及相關(guān)原因。第四章既分析了保加利亞人口國際遷移的特點(diǎn),也描述了這些特點(diǎn)所造成的相應(yīng)社會經(jīng)濟(jì)影響。第五章則以歐盟、美國、俄羅斯、中國為例,分析了保加利亞移民目的國的變化趨勢及移民在相關(guān)國家的文化適應(yīng)狀況。本文所涉及到的研究時間為2007年保加利亞加入歐盟之后至今,目前保加利亞學(xué)術(shù)界的相關(guān)研究成果大多涉及年代都為1989年至21世紀(jì)初,專門研究最近十年的成果較少,在中國甚至國際學(xué)界也是類似情況。因此,本文在搜集大量一手?jǐn)?shù)據(jù)和文獻(xiàn)的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行的分析和研究,是對相關(guān)研究的有效補(bǔ)充。也期待能夠?yàn)橹斜蓢约爸袊椭袞|歐國家的關(guān)系研究提供借鑒。
[Abstract]:In the era of globalization, human society has gradually become a multi-cultural, multi-value, multi-structure complex, with the flow of goods and funds, the flow of labor force for the purpose of improving the quality of life has gradually increased. This makes the transnational migration gradually become an indispensable part of the modern way of life, which is called "the third wave of globalization" by some contemporary theorists after the commodity and capital. It is a subject that governments and academicians all over the world pay more and more attention to. Bulgaria's international migration once had a serious impact on the country's population development. After Bulgaria joined the European Union in 2007, the emigration population of Bulgaria has been increasing continuously in the last decade, but the mechanical growth rate of the country has been greatly increased compared with that of the 1990s because the population of Bulgaria has also shown the momentum of growth. In addition, there have been dramatic changes in the destination countries of population migration in Bulgaria in recent years: the United States and Canada have reduced their attractiveness to migrants from Bulgaria, and the European Union countries such as Spain and Germany have obvious advantages over the emigrants of Bulgaria. At the same time, in recent years, with the "16 1" cooperation and the "Belt and Road" initiative, the cooperation between China and Central and Eastern European countries deepened. Economic, cultural and political exchanges have facilitated population migration between China and Bulgaria. Starting from the history of Bulgarian population migration, this paper analyzes the current situation and characteristics of Bulgaria's international migration after its accession to the European Union in 2007, and on the basis of collecting primary data and literature, The changing trend of Bulgaria's population mechanical growth rate in recent years is plotted, and the characteristics and effects of Bulgarian population's international flow are explored. From the angle of sociology and culturology, this paper adopts many research methods, such as retrospective analysis, comparative study, questionnaire survey analysis, data enumeration, document analysis, etc. Through comprehensive analysis, it draws a conclusion: after joining the European Union in 2007, Bulgaria's emigration rate has slowed, and immigration continues to grow, and it may even be possible to move more people in or out of the country in the future. In the first chapter, the author explains the necessity, the innovation, the research methods and the purpose of the research. In the second chapter, the definition and classification of migration, international migration and the general characteristics of international migration in today's world are analyzed. The third chapter enumerates several typical stages of Bulgarian immigration before 2007 from the perspective of historical retrospect and describes the changing situation and related reasons of Bulgarian immigration after joining the European Union. Chapter four not only analyses the characteristics of Bulgarian population migration, but also describes the corresponding social and economic effects caused by these characteristics. The fifth chapter takes EU, USA, Russia and China as an example to analyze the changing trend of the destination countries of Bulgarian immigrants and the cultural adaptation of the immigrants in the relevant countries. Since Bulgaria joined the European Union in 2007, most of the relevant research achievements in the Bulgarian academic circles are from 1989 to the beginning of the 21st century. In China and even in the international academic community is a similar situation. Therefore, the analysis and research on the basis of collecting a large number of primary data and literature is an effective supplement to the relevant research. It also looks forward to providing reference for the study of the relations between China and Bulgaria, as well as between China and Central and Eastern European countries.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京外國語大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：C964.544
本文編號：2400372
[Abstract]:In the era of globalization, human society has gradually become a multi-cultural, multi-value, multi-structure complex, with the flow of goods and funds, the flow of labor force for the purpose of improving the quality of life has gradually increased. This makes the transnational migration gradually become an indispensable part of the modern way of life, which is called "the third wave of globalization" by some contemporary theorists after the commodity and capital. It is a subject that governments and academicians all over the world pay more and more attention to. Bulgaria's international migration once had a serious impact on the country's population development. After Bulgaria joined the European Union in 2007, the emigration population of Bulgaria has been increasing continuously in the last decade, but the mechanical growth rate of the country has been greatly increased compared with that of the 1990s because the population of Bulgaria has also shown the momentum of growth. In addition, there have been dramatic changes in the destination countries of population migration in Bulgaria in recent years: the United States and Canada have reduced their attractiveness to migrants from Bulgaria, and the European Union countries such as Spain and Germany have obvious advantages over the emigrants of Bulgaria. At the same time, in recent years, with the "16 1" cooperation and the "Belt and Road" initiative, the cooperation between China and Central and Eastern European countries deepened. Economic, cultural and political exchanges have facilitated population migration between China and Bulgaria. Starting from the history of Bulgarian population migration, this paper analyzes the current situation and characteristics of Bulgaria's international migration after its accession to the European Union in 2007, and on the basis of collecting primary data and literature, The changing trend of Bulgaria's population mechanical growth rate in recent years is plotted, and the characteristics and effects of Bulgarian population's international flow are explored. From the angle of sociology and culturology, this paper adopts many research methods, such as retrospective analysis, comparative study, questionnaire survey analysis, data enumeration, document analysis, etc. Through comprehensive analysis, it draws a conclusion: after joining the European Union in 2007, Bulgaria's emigration rate has slowed, and immigration continues to grow, and it may even be possible to move more people in or out of the country in the future. In the first chapter, the author explains the necessity, the innovation, the research methods and the purpose of the research. In the second chapter, the definition and classification of migration, international migration and the general characteristics of international migration in today's world are analyzed. The third chapter enumerates several typical stages of Bulgarian immigration before 2007 from the perspective of historical retrospect and describes the changing situation and related reasons of Bulgarian immigration after joining the European Union. Chapter four not only analyses the characteristics of Bulgarian population migration, but also describes the corresponding social and economic effects caused by these characteristics. The fifth chapter takes EU, USA, Russia and China as an example to analyze the changing trend of the destination countries of Bulgarian immigrants and the cultural adaptation of the immigrants in the relevant countries. Since Bulgaria joined the European Union in 2007, most of the relevant research achievements in the Bulgarian academic circles are from 1989 to the beginning of the 21st century. In China and even in the international academic community is a similar situation. Therefore, the analysis and research on the basis of collecting a large number of primary data and literature is an effective supplement to the relevant research. It also looks forward to providing reference for the study of the relations between China and Bulgaria, as well as between China and Central and Eastern European countries.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京外國語大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：C964.544
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