中國(guó)西南邊境地區(qū)人口空間格局演變研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-17 13:16
【摘要】：中國(guó)西南邊境地區(qū)與越南、老撾、緬甸三國(guó)接壤,是中國(guó)連接?xùn)|南亞各國(guó),通往印度洋的西南通道,區(qū)位優(yōu)勢(shì)十分突出。近年來(lái),中國(guó)—東盟自由貿(mào)易區(qū)建成,大湄公河次區(qū)域合作不斷深入,“一帶一路”戰(zhàn)略的提出等,給西南邊境地區(qū)帶來(lái)前所未有的發(fā)展機(jī)遇,使西南邊境地區(qū)成為中國(guó)面向西南對(duì)外開(kāi)放的前沿。長(zhǎng)期以來(lái),西南邊境地區(qū)人口問(wèn)題一直是學(xué)術(shù)界關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn),如跨境民族問(wèn)題、跨境婚姻問(wèn)題、人口與經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展問(wèn)題等等,但是,從地理學(xué)角度進(jìn)行研究的成果很少。隨著對(duì)外開(kāi)放度的提高,區(qū)域的屏蔽效應(yīng)逐漸減弱,西南邊境地區(qū)的人口現(xiàn)象變得更加復(fù)雜,改變著人口在空間上的分布格局。論文以西南邊境地區(qū)為研究范圍,以1990年、2000年、2010年三次人口普查數(shù)據(jù)為基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù),分別選擇中緬邊境騰沖縣、鎮(zhèn)康縣、耿馬縣、滄源縣,以及中越邊境麻栗坡縣、馬關(guān)縣作為訪談及問(wèn)卷調(diào)查區(qū)域,并在查閱大量文獻(xiàn)及歷史資料的前提下,從地理學(xué)角度出發(fā),借鑒人口學(xué)、社會(huì)學(xué)、國(guó)際關(guān)系學(xué)、民族學(xué)等理論,運(yùn)用GIS空間信息技術(shù),采用定性與定量相結(jié)合的方法對(duì)西南邊境地區(qū)總?cè)丝凇⒖缇趁褡迦丝�、流�?dòng)人口的空間格局演變機(jī)制、影響等進(jìn)行了探討。論文的結(jié)論為中國(guó)更好地建設(shè)西南沿邊經(jīng)濟(jì)帶,以及推動(dòng)西南邊境地區(qū)人口、經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)、自然環(huán)境協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展提供參考依據(jù)。按照研究的內(nèi)容,論文共分為四個(gè)主要部分。第一部分,對(duì)邊境地區(qū)國(guó)內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行了梳理,并對(duì)關(guān)鍵概念進(jìn)行了辨析;第二部分,由于邊境地區(qū)的特殊性,論文對(duì)西南邊境地區(qū)地緣環(huán)境的變遷、特征、趨勢(shì)進(jìn)行了分析;第三部分,對(duì)西南邊境地區(qū)總?cè)丝�、民族人口、流�?dòng)人口1990、2000、2010年三個(gè)時(shí)點(diǎn)的人口空間格局進(jìn)行靜態(tài)描述和動(dòng)態(tài)比較,分析其演變特征;第四部分,分析了人口空間格局演變的引致機(jī)理和影響,總結(jié)西南邊境地區(qū)人口空間格局演變的規(guī)律和特點(diǎn)。總體上看,論文主要有3個(gè)特色。第一,從國(guó)內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀看,從地理學(xué)角度對(duì)邊境地區(qū)人口研究的成果很少,對(duì)邊境地區(qū)人口空間格局演變的研究將彌補(bǔ)邊境地區(qū)人口研究?jī)?nèi)容上的缺陷,進(jìn)一步豐富人口地理學(xué)理論體系;第二,結(jié)合邊境地區(qū)的特殊性,首次將地緣環(huán)境作為人口空間格局演變的因素進(jìn)行分析,突破了人口空間格局影響因素研究的傳統(tǒng)范式;第三,在人口再分布指數(shù)的基礎(chǔ)上提出人口空間格局演變的自然變動(dòng)引致指數(shù)和機(jī)械變動(dòng)引致指數(shù),為人口空間格局演變提供了新的研究方法。通過(guò)對(duì)中國(guó)西南邊境地區(qū)人口空間格局的研究,得出如下結(jié)論:(1)自然環(huán)境決定了人口空間格局演變的基本格局;(2)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展是人口空間格局演變的根本動(dòng)力;(3)西南邊境地區(qū)人口空間格局演變與地緣政治經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境關(guān)系密切。由于西南邊境地區(qū)特殊的地理區(qū)位,地緣政治經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境在人口空間格局的演變過(guò)程中起著十分重要的作用,人口的空間格局會(huì)隨著地緣環(huán)境的變化而發(fā)生變化;(4)跨境民族的人口空間格局將長(zhǎng)期存在,民族大融合的趨勢(shì)不可阻擋;(5)西南邊境地區(qū)人口空間格局演變較為活躍,但引致力均衡,引起人口空間格局變化的外力不足;(6)西南邊境地區(qū)人口空間格局演變及影響呈現(xiàn)以下主要特征:第一,人口總體增長(zhǎng)緩慢,逐漸顯現(xiàn)人口集聚現(xiàn)象。第二,跨境民族人口空間格局穩(wěn)定,人口性別比偏低。第三,流動(dòng)人口增長(zhǎng)迅速,空間格局變化較大。第四,人口增長(zhǎng)對(duì)區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展起到了明顯的推動(dòng)作用;第五,人口增長(zhǎng)并沒(méi)有對(duì)自然環(huán)境帶來(lái)壓力,反而刺激了自然環(huán)境承載力的加大;第六,人口主要集中于第一產(chǎn)業(yè),勞動(dòng)力過(guò)剩導(dǎo)致外出人口快速增加;第七,外出人口和戶口待定人口的持續(xù)增加給邊境安全帶來(lái)威脅。
[Abstract]:The border area of Southwest China bordering on Vietnam, Laos and Burma is China's south-west passage connecting Southeast Asian countries to the India ocean. Its regional advantages are very prominent. In recent years, the China ASEAN Free Trade Area has been built, the Greater Mekong sub regional cooperation has been deepened, and the "one belt and one way" strategy has been brought to the southwest border area. The unprecedented opportunities for development have made the southwest border areas the frontier of China's opening up to the outside world. For a long time, the population problem in the southwest border areas has been the focus of academic attention, such as cross-border ethnic issues, cross-border marriage issues, population and economic development issues, etc. However, few studies have been carried out from the Perspective of geography. With the increase of opening-up, the regional shielding effect gradually weakens, and the population phenomena in the southwest border area become more complex, changing the spatial distribution pattern of population. This paper takes the southwest border area as the research scope, and chooses the China-Myanmar border Teng as the basic data of the three population censuses in 1990, 2000 and 2010, respectively. Chongxian, Zhenkang, Gengma, Cangyuan, Malipo and Maguan counties along the Sino-Vietnamese border are the areas for interviews and questionnaires. On the premise of consulting a large number of documents and historical data, the author uses the theories of demography, sociology, international relations and ethnology for reference, uses GIS spatial information technology to make qualitative and quantitative analysis. The paper discusses the evolution mechanism and influence of the spatial pattern of the total population, the cross-border ethnic population and the floating population in the southwest border area.The conclusion of the paper provides a reference for China to better construct the southwest border economic belt and promote the coordinated development of population, economy, society and natural environment in the southwest border area. The content of the study is divided into four main parts. The first part is to sort out the research status of the border areas at home and abroad, and to identify the key concepts; the second part, due to the particularity of the border areas, the paper analyzes the changes, characteristics and trends of the geo-environment in the southwest border areas; the third part, the southwest border areas. The spatial pattern of the total population, the ethnic population and the floating population in 1990, 2000 and 2010 are described and compared statically and dynamically, and their evolution characteristics are analyzed. The fourth part analyzes the mechanism and influence of population spatial pattern evolution, and summarizes the laws and characteristics of population spatial pattern evolution in the southwestern border areas. There are three main characteristics in this paper. Firstly, from the point of view of domestic and foreign research status, there are few achievements in the study of population in border areas from the perspective of geography. It is the first time to analyze the geo-environment as a factor of population spatial pattern evolution, breaking through the traditional paradigm of population spatial pattern influencing factors. thirdly, on the basis of the population redistribution index, it puts forward the index of natural and mechanical changes induced by population spatial pattern evolution, which provides a basis for the evolution of population spatial pattern. New research methods. Through the study of population spatial pattern in the southwestern border areas of China, the following conclusions are drawn: (1) natural environment determines the basic pattern of population spatial pattern evolution; (2) economic development is the fundamental driving force of population spatial pattern evolution; (3) the relationship between population spatial pattern evolution and geopolitical and economic environment in the southwestern border areas Because of the special geographical location of the southwest border area, the geopolitical and economic environment plays an important role in the evolution of population spatial pattern, and the spatial pattern of population will change with the change of geographic environment; (4) the spatial pattern of cross-border ethnic groups will exist for a long time, and the trend of national integration is irresistible. (5) The spatial pattern of population in the southwest frontier region has evolved actively, but the external forces leading to the change of population spatial pattern are insufficient; (6) The evolution and influence of population spatial pattern in the southwest frontier region have the following main characteristics: firstly, the overall population growth is slow, and the population agglomeration gradually appears; secondly, the population space of cross-border ethnic groups is insufficient. The pattern is stable and the sex ratio of population is on the low side. Thirdly, the floating population is growing rapidly and the spatial pattern is changing greatly. Fourthly, the population growth has played an obvious role in promoting the development of regional economy. Fifthly, the population growth has not brought pressure on the natural environment, but stimulated the increase of the carrying capacity of the natural environment. Sixthly, the population is mainly concentrated in the first place. In the first industry, excess labor force leads to a rapid increase in the number of people going out; in the seventh place, the continuous increase in the number of people going out and the number of households to be determined poses a threat to border security.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：云南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：C924.2
本文編號(hào)：2187750
[Abstract]:The border area of Southwest China bordering on Vietnam, Laos and Burma is China's south-west passage connecting Southeast Asian countries to the India ocean. Its regional advantages are very prominent. In recent years, the China ASEAN Free Trade Area has been built, the Greater Mekong sub regional cooperation has been deepened, and the "one belt and one way" strategy has been brought to the southwest border area. The unprecedented opportunities for development have made the southwest border areas the frontier of China's opening up to the outside world. For a long time, the population problem in the southwest border areas has been the focus of academic attention, such as cross-border ethnic issues, cross-border marriage issues, population and economic development issues, etc. However, few studies have been carried out from the Perspective of geography. With the increase of opening-up, the regional shielding effect gradually weakens, and the population phenomena in the southwest border area become more complex, changing the spatial distribution pattern of population. This paper takes the southwest border area as the research scope, and chooses the China-Myanmar border Teng as the basic data of the three population censuses in 1990, 2000 and 2010, respectively. Chongxian, Zhenkang, Gengma, Cangyuan, Malipo and Maguan counties along the Sino-Vietnamese border are the areas for interviews and questionnaires. On the premise of consulting a large number of documents and historical data, the author uses the theories of demography, sociology, international relations and ethnology for reference, uses GIS spatial information technology to make qualitative and quantitative analysis. The paper discusses the evolution mechanism and influence of the spatial pattern of the total population, the cross-border ethnic population and the floating population in the southwest border area.The conclusion of the paper provides a reference for China to better construct the southwest border economic belt and promote the coordinated development of population, economy, society and natural environment in the southwest border area. The content of the study is divided into four main parts. The first part is to sort out the research status of the border areas at home and abroad, and to identify the key concepts; the second part, due to the particularity of the border areas, the paper analyzes the changes, characteristics and trends of the geo-environment in the southwest border areas; the third part, the southwest border areas. The spatial pattern of the total population, the ethnic population and the floating population in 1990, 2000 and 2010 are described and compared statically and dynamically, and their evolution characteristics are analyzed. The fourth part analyzes the mechanism and influence of population spatial pattern evolution, and summarizes the laws and characteristics of population spatial pattern evolution in the southwestern border areas. There are three main characteristics in this paper. Firstly, from the point of view of domestic and foreign research status, there are few achievements in the study of population in border areas from the perspective of geography. It is the first time to analyze the geo-environment as a factor of population spatial pattern evolution, breaking through the traditional paradigm of population spatial pattern influencing factors. thirdly, on the basis of the population redistribution index, it puts forward the index of natural and mechanical changes induced by population spatial pattern evolution, which provides a basis for the evolution of population spatial pattern. New research methods. Through the study of population spatial pattern in the southwestern border areas of China, the following conclusions are drawn: (1) natural environment determines the basic pattern of population spatial pattern evolution; (2) economic development is the fundamental driving force of population spatial pattern evolution; (3) the relationship between population spatial pattern evolution and geopolitical and economic environment in the southwestern border areas Because of the special geographical location of the southwest border area, the geopolitical and economic environment plays an important role in the evolution of population spatial pattern, and the spatial pattern of population will change with the change of geographic environment; (4) the spatial pattern of cross-border ethnic groups will exist for a long time, and the trend of national integration is irresistible. (5) The spatial pattern of population in the southwest frontier region has evolved actively, but the external forces leading to the change of population spatial pattern are insufficient; (6) The evolution and influence of population spatial pattern in the southwest frontier region have the following main characteristics: firstly, the overall population growth is slow, and the population agglomeration gradually appears; secondly, the population space of cross-border ethnic groups is insufficient. The pattern is stable and the sex ratio of population is on the low side. Thirdly, the floating population is growing rapidly and the spatial pattern is changing greatly. Fourthly, the population growth has played an obvious role in promoting the development of regional economy. Fifthly, the population growth has not brought pressure on the natural environment, but stimulated the increase of the carrying capacity of the natural environment. Sixthly, the population is mainly concentrated in the first place. In the first industry, excess labor force leads to a rapid increase in the number of people going out; in the seventh place, the continuous increase in the number of people going out and the number of households to be determined poses a threat to border security.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：云南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：C924.2
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