【摘要】：競(jìng)技比賽是一個(gè)動(dòng)態(tài)的發(fā)展過(guò)程,往往伴隨著多種情緒的變化。我們常�？吹竭\(yùn)動(dòng)員因?yàn)榘l(fā)揮失常而導(dǎo)致比賽的失敗,這與運(yùn)動(dòng)員當(dāng)時(shí)的情緒狀態(tài)有著很大的關(guān)系,尤其是負(fù)性情緒狀態(tài)。另外,動(dòng)作速度在整個(gè)競(jìng)技比賽領(lǐng)域占有非常重要的地位,許多競(jìng)技項(xiàng)目獲勝的關(guān)鍵是對(duì)動(dòng)作速度的有效調(diào)控。因此,探討負(fù)性情緒對(duì)動(dòng)作速度的影響將有助于指導(dǎo)運(yùn)動(dòng)員在賽場(chǎng)上有效的調(diào)控動(dòng)作速度,取得最終的勝利。本研究將情緒誘發(fā)與提示目標(biāo)任務(wù)范式相結(jié)合,從行為和ERP特征兩個(gè)方面,探討了負(fù)性情緒對(duì)動(dòng)作速度的影響。實(shí)驗(yàn)一初步探討負(fù)性情緒對(duì)動(dòng)作速度影響的行為特征。要求被試觀看情緒圖片(不同效價(jià)情緒圖片以偽隨機(jī)方式呈現(xiàn),保證相同效價(jià)的圖片最多連續(xù)呈現(xiàn)兩張),之后在目標(biāo)刺激的提示下快速完成六次按鍵動(dòng)作任務(wù),記錄被試完成第一次和第六次動(dòng)作任務(wù)的時(shí)間。兩因素(情緒效價(jià)×按鍵次序)重復(fù)測(cè)量方差分析結(jié)果表明,情緒效價(jià)間主效應(yīng)不顯著(p=0.087),按鍵次序間主效應(yīng)顯著(p=0.014),兩因素交互作用不顯著(p=0.271)。實(shí)驗(yàn)二著重探討負(fù)性情緒對(duì)動(dòng)作速度影響的行為特征和ERP特征。要求被試觀看情緒圖片(中性和負(fù)性情緒圖片整組呈現(xiàn)),之后在目標(biāo)刺激的提示下快速完成六次按鍵動(dòng)作任務(wù),記錄第一次和第六次完成動(dòng)作任務(wù)的時(shí)間并采集ERP數(shù)據(jù)。將不同情緒效價(jià)組按圖片呈現(xiàn)先后順序分為早中晚三個(gè)時(shí)期,并分別對(duì)三個(gè)時(shí)期的行為和ERP數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析。行為數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)果如下:(1)早期情緒效價(jià)間主效應(yīng)不顯著(p=0.103),按鍵次序間主效應(yīng)顯著(p=0.001),兩因素交互作用不顯著(p=0.963)。(2)中期情緒效價(jià)間主效應(yīng)不顯著(p=0.146),按鍵次序間主效應(yīng)顯著(p=0.039),兩因素交互作用不顯著(p=0.469)。(3)晚期情緒效價(jià)間主效應(yīng)顯著(p=0.042),負(fù)性情緒條件下的動(dòng)作速度要顯著慢于中性條件的動(dòng)作速度;按鍵次序間主效應(yīng)顯著(p=0.002);兩因素交互作用不顯著(p=0.643)。對(duì)晚期ERP數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行兩因素重復(fù)測(cè)量方差分析結(jié)果如下:(1)N1波幅:情緒效價(jià)間主效應(yīng)不顯著(P=0.350);按鍵次序間主效顯著(P=0.043),第六次按鍵誘發(fā)出更大的N1波幅;兩因素交互作用不顯著(P=0.324)。(2)N170波幅:情緒效價(jià)間主效應(yīng)顯著(P=0.031),負(fù)性情緒誘發(fā)出更大的N170成分;按鍵次序間主效不顯著(P=0.249);兩因素交互作用不顯著(P=0.187)。結(jié)論:(1)強(qiáng)烈的負(fù)性情緒會(huì)對(duì)動(dòng)作速度產(chǎn)生顯著干擾效應(yīng),這種干擾效應(yīng)可能是由于負(fù)性情緒加工占用了更多的認(rèn)知資源導(dǎo)致的(2)執(zhí)行動(dòng)作任務(wù)時(shí)注意越集中,動(dòng)作速度越快。
[Abstract]:Competitive competition is a dynamic development process, often accompanied by a variety of emotional changes. We often see the failure of athletes due to abnormal performance, which has a great relationship with the emotional state of the athletes at that time, especially the negative emotional state. In addition, the movement speed plays a very important role in the whole field of competitive competition, and the key to win many sports events is to regulate and control the movement speed effectively. Therefore, discussing the influence of negative emotion on movement speed will be helpful to guide athletes to regulate and control the movement speed effectively on the field and to win the final victory. In this study, the effects of negative emotion on motor speed were discussed from two aspects: behavioral and ERP characteristics, combining emotional induction with task-prompting paradigm. In experiment one, the behavioral characteristics of negative emotion on motor speed were discussed. The subjects were asked to watch emotional pictures (different titer emotional pictures presented in a pseudo-random manner, to ensure that the same titer of the picture presented at most two consecutive), and then at the prompt of the target stimulation to complete the task of pressing the key quickly six times. Record the time of completion of the first and sixth action tasks. The results of ANOVA of two factors (emotional titer 脳 bond order) showed that the main effect between emotional titers was not significant (p < 0.087), but the main effect was significant in bond order (p = 0.014), and the interaction between the two factors was not significant (p = 0.271). The second experiment focused on the behavioral and ERP characteristics of negative emotion on motor speed. The subjects were asked to watch emotional pictures (neutral and negative emotion pictures presented in the whole group), then complete six key-action tasks quickly at the prompt of target stimulation, record the first and sixth time of completing the task, and collect the ERP data. The different emotional titers were divided into three periods according to the order of picture presentation, and the behavior and ERP data of the three periods were statistically analyzed. The results of behavioral data were as follows: (1) the main effect between the early emotional titers was not significant (p < 0. 103), but the main effect was significant in the order of bond (p < 0. 001). The interaction between the two factors was not significant (p < 0. 963). (2). The main effect between the two factors was not significant in the mid-term (p = 0. 146), but in the order of bond was significant (p < 0. 039). The interaction between the two factors was not significant (p < 0. 469). (3). The main effect between the two factors was significant (p < 0. 042) in the late stage of emotional titers, and the speed of movement in negative mood was significantly slower than that in neutral condition. The main effect between the two factors was significant (p < 0.002), but the interaction between the two factors was not significant (p = 0.643). The results of ANOVA were as follows: (1) N1 amplitude: the main effect between mood titers was not significant (P = 0.350); The main effect was significant in the order of keystroke (P0. 043), and a larger N1 amplitude was induced by the sixth keystroke. The interaction between the two factors was not significant (P < 0. 324). (2). The main effect between the two factors was significant (P < 0. 031), and the negative emotion induced a larger N170 component, but the key effect was not significant in the order of pressing the key (P < 0. 249). The interaction between the two factors was not significant (P < 0. 187). Conclusion: (1) strong negative emotion can cause significant disturbance effect on motor speed, which may be due to negative emotion processing taking up more cognitive resources. (2) more attention is paid to the execution of motor tasks. The faster you move.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海體育學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：B842.6

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前4條

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本文編號(hào)：2466091