【摘要】：圖標是有指代意義的圖形符號,其在傳達信息過程中具有快捷、形象、方便理解與記憶的優(yōu)勢。圖標根據(jù)所傳達意義的不同也會發(fā)生相應(yīng)的變化,人們有時對圖標發(fā)生的變化視而不見,出現(xiàn)變化盲視現(xiàn)象。本研究以圖標作為研究材料,采用變化盲視的迫選探測范式,探討圖標的熟悉度及變化類型對變化盲視現(xiàn)象的影響。實驗一采用迫選探測范式,以在校大學生做為研究對象,采用2(熟悉度:高熟悉度,低熟悉度)×2(變化類型:結(jié)構(gòu)變化,顏色變化)完全被試內(nèi)實驗設(shè)計,以反應(yīng)時、正確率及眼動指標為因變量,探討不同熟悉度與變化類型對圖標變化盲視現(xiàn)象的影響。為了減少被試的猜測率,實驗二改變圖標的呈現(xiàn)方式與反應(yīng)按鍵任務(wù)。由圖標單個呈現(xiàn)改為同時呈現(xiàn)配對的兩個圖標,配對的圖標一個為高熟悉度,一個為低熟悉度;由實驗一中“有變化”、“沒變化”兩個反應(yīng)選項改為“左邊圖標發(fā)生變化”、“右邊圖標發(fā)生變化”和“沒有圖標發(fā)生變化”三個反應(yīng)選項。依然是2(熟悉度:高熟悉度,低熟悉度)×2(變化類型:結(jié)構(gòu)變化,顏色變化)雙因素被試內(nèi)實驗設(shè)計,以反應(yīng)時、正確率及眼動指標為因變量,繼續(xù)探究熟悉度與變化類型對變化盲視現(xiàn)象的影響。實驗結(jié)果表明:(1)熟悉度對變化盲視現(xiàn)象有顯著影響,被試對高熟悉度圖標變化探測的正確率顯著高于低熟悉度圖標,反應(yīng)時也顯著短于低熟悉度圖標。(2)變化類型對變化盲視現(xiàn)象有顯著影響,被試對圖標顏色變化的覺察正確率顯著高于結(jié)構(gòu)變化,顏色變化反應(yīng)時顯著短于結(jié)構(gòu)變化的反應(yīng)時。(3)熟悉度與變化類型對圖標變化位置的定位速度影響有交互作用,眼動指標表明被試對高熟悉度圖標條件下兩種變化類型定位速度沒有顯著差異,但是對低熟悉度圖標顏色變化定位速度顯著快于結(jié)構(gòu)變化。(4)不同熟悉度圖標單獨呈現(xiàn)時,高熟悉度圖標平均注視時間顯著短于低熟悉度圖標;當高熟悉度圖標與低熟悉度圖標同時呈現(xiàn)時,對低熟悉度圖標的注視次數(shù)及注視時間顯著高于高熟悉度圖標。在本研究條件下,得出的研究結(jié)論是:(1)在圖標變化探測過程中,越熟悉的圖標越不容易發(fā)生變化盲視現(xiàn)象。(2)在圖標變化探測過程中,與顏色變化相比,結(jié)構(gòu)變化更容易發(fā)生變化盲視現(xiàn)象。(3)熟悉度對不同屬性變化類型的變化探測有影響,高熟悉度圖標無論是結(jié)構(gòu)變化還是顏色變化,人們對變化位置的定位速度都比較快,而低熟悉度的圖標發(fā)生變化時,人們對顏色變化的位置定位更快。(4)人們對低熟悉度圖標的認知加工需要付出更多努力,對高熟悉度圖標認知加工存在明顯優(yōu)勢。
[Abstract]:Icon is a symbolic graphic symbol, which has the advantages of rapidity, image, comprehension and memory in the process of conveying information. Icon also changes according to the different meaning, people sometimes turn a blind eye to the change of icon. In this study, the influence of the familiarity of icon and the type of icon on the phenomenon of changing blind vision was investigated by using the forced detection paradigm of variable blind vision. In experiment one, the forced detection paradigm was adopted, and the college students were chosen as the research objects. The experiment was designed by using 2 (familiarity: high familiarity, low familiarity) 脳 2 (change type: structure change, color change) in the whole subjects. The correct rate and eye movement index are dependent variables to explore the influence of different familiarity and change type on the blind visual phenomenon of icon change. In order to reduce the guessing rate of the subjects, experiment 2 changed the presentation of the icon and the response keystroke task. Two icons are presented simultaneously, one is high familiarity, the other is low familiarity. From experiment 1, "change", "no change" two response options to "left icon change", "right icon change" and "no icon change" three response options. Still 2 (familiarity: high familiarity, low familiarity) 脳 2 (change type: structure change, color change) double-factor experiment design, with reaction time, correct rate and eye movement index as dependent variable, Continue to explore the influence of familiarity and change types on the change of blind vision. The experimental results show that: (1) familiarity has a significant effect on the change of blind vision, and the correct rate of detecting the change of high familiarity icon is significantly higher than that of low familiarity icon. The response time was also significantly shorter than that of low familiarity icon. (2) the change type had a significant effect on the change of blind vision, and the correct rate of detection of color change of icon was significantly higher than that of structural change. Color change reaction time was significantly shorter than that of structure change reaction time. (3) familiarity and change type had interactive effects on the location speed of icon change position. Eye movement index showed that there was no significant difference in localization speed between the two change types under the condition of high familiarity icon, but the localization speed of color change of low familiarity icon was significantly faster than that of structure change. (4) when the different familiarity icon was presented alone, The average fixation time of high familiarity icon was significantly shorter than that of low familiarity icon. When the high familiarity icon and the low familiarity icon are presented at the same time, the fixation times and fixation time of the low familiarity icon are significantly higher than that of the high familiarity icon. Under the condition of this study, the conclusions are as follows: (1) in the process of icon change detection, the more familiar icon is, the less likely it is to change blind vision. (2) in the process of icon change detection, compared with color change, (3) familiarity has an effect on the detection of changes in different attribute change types. Whether it is structural change or color change, the location speed of changing position is faster. When the low familiarity icon changes, the location of color change is faster. (4) people need to pay more effort to the low familiarity icon cognitive processing, there are obvious advantages to the high familiarity icon cognitive processing.
【學位授予單位】：鄭州大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：B842

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