【摘要】：目的:大腦兩半球加工面孔情緒的能力有差異,但是,目前的研究結(jié)果還沒(méi)有達(dá)成一致。本研究采用嵌合臉實(shí)驗(yàn),通過(guò)控制不同表情面孔的呈現(xiàn)方向和性別差異,進(jìn)一步探究大腦兩半球加工情緒的偏側(cè)化機(jī)制。方法:采用嵌合臉?lè)妒?在屏幕上方和下方同時(shí)呈現(xiàn)嵌合臉對(duì),檢查了 110名大學(xué)生(男生50名、女生60名)被試。實(shí)驗(yàn)采用2面孔方向(正置,倒置)×2面孔性別(男性,女性)×4情緒類型(高興、悲傷、驚訝、憤怒)的三因素被試內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì),被試的任務(wù)是判斷嵌合臉對(duì)中哪張面孔所表達(dá)的情緒更強(qiáng)。結(jié)果:(1)正置呈現(xiàn)男性和女性四種情緒面孔時(shí),被試偏向于選擇情緒表情呈現(xiàn)在左視野的面孔,且左視野中情緒表情的反應(yīng)顯著快于右視野情緒表情的反應(yīng)。但是,正置的四種男性情緒面孔的左視野(右半球)偏向沒(méi)有差異,正置的四種女性情緒面孔的左視野(右半球)偏向有差異,且悲傷比高興、驚訝和憤怒有更大的左視野(右半球)偏向;(2)倒置呈現(xiàn)男性和女性四種情緒面孔時(shí),被試偏向于選擇情緒表情呈現(xiàn)在右視野的面孔,且右視野中情緒表情的反應(yīng)快于左視野中情緒表情的反應(yīng),但是沒(méi)有達(dá)到顯著性水平。倒置的四種男性情緒面孔的右視野(左半球)偏向有差異,且高興比悲傷、驚訝和憤怒有更大的右視野(左半球)偏向;倒置的四種女性情緒面孔的右視野(左半球)偏向也有差異,且高興比憤怒有更大的右視野(左半球)偏向,驚訝比悲傷、憤怒有更大的右視野(左半球)偏向;(3)總體上來(lái)說(shuō),偏側(cè)化系數(shù)與反應(yīng)時(shí)偏差顯著正相關(guān),即個(gè)體左視野偏向程度越大,選擇左視野中情緒面孔的反應(yīng)就越快;個(gè)體右視野偏向程度越大,選擇右視野中情緒面孔的反應(yīng)就越快。且回歸分析發(fā)現(xiàn),偏側(cè)化系數(shù)可以很好地預(yù)測(cè)反應(yīng)時(shí)偏差。結(jié)論:(1)正置的情緒面孔有顯著的左視野(右半球)偏向;倒置的情緒面孔有顯著的右視野(左半球)偏向。這些發(fā)現(xiàn)支持“大腦每個(gè)半球加工面部情緒的能力有差異”這個(gè)假設(shè),即右半球在結(jié)構(gòu)加工中有優(yōu)勢(shì),左半球在特征加工中有優(yōu)勢(shì);(2)正置男性面孔的性別信息不影響情緒面孔的結(jié)構(gòu)加工,但是正置女性面孔的性別信息影響情緒面孔的結(jié)構(gòu)加工,且悲傷的女性面孔有更大的右半球加工優(yōu)勢(shì);倒置男性面孔的性別信息影響情緒面孔的特征加工,且高興的男性面孔有更大的左半球加工優(yōu)勢(shì);倒置女性面孔的性別信息影響情緒面孔的特征加工,且高興與驚訝的女性而孔有更大的左半球加工優(yōu)勢(shì);(3)偏側(cè)化系數(shù)與反應(yīng)時(shí)偏差這兩種不對(duì)稱測(cè)量顯著正相關(guān),說(shuō)明偏側(cè)化系數(shù)與反應(yīng)時(shí)偏差研究為情緒偏側(cè)化加工提供了一致的不對(duì)稱證據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Objective: there are differences in the ability of the two hemispheres to process facial emotions, but the results have not been agreed. In this study, chimeric face experiments were used to further explore the lateralization mechanism of processing emotions in the two hemispheres of the brain by controlling the orientation and gender differences of different facial expressions. Methods: the chimeric face pairs were presented at the top and bottom of the screen using the chimeric face paradigm. 110 college students (50 males and 60 females) were examined. The subjects were designed with 2 face orientation (positive, inverted) 脳 2 face sex (male, female) 脳 4 mood types (happy, sad, surprised, angry). The task of the subjects was to determine which face expressed more emotion than the chimeric face. Results: (1) when the male and female emotional faces were presented positively, the subjects tended to choose the faces with the emotional expression in the left visual field, and the response of the emotional expression in the left visual field was significantly faster than that in the right visual field. However, there was no difference in the left visual field (right hemisphere) bias of the four positive male emotional faces, while the left visual field (right hemisphere) bias of the positive four female emotional faces was different, and sadness was more than happy. Surprise and anger have a larger left field of vision (right hemisphere) bias; (2) when the male and female emotional faces were inverted, the subjects tended to choose the faces with the emotional expression in the right visual field, and the response of the emotional expression in the right visual field was faster than that in the left visual field. But not at a significant level. The right visual field (left hemisphere) bias of the four male emotional faces was different, and the right visual field (left hemisphere) bias of happiness was greater than that of sadness, surprise and anger. The right visual field (left hemisphere) bias of the four female emotional faces was also different, and the right visual field (left hemisphere) bias of happiness was greater than anger, surprise was more than sadness, anger had greater right visual field (left hemisphere) bias; (3) on the whole, the coefficient of lateralization was positively correlated with the deviation of reaction time, that is, the greater the degree of deviation of individual's left visual field, the faster the reaction of selecting emotional faces in the left field of vision; The greater the degree of deviation of individual right visual field, the faster the reaction of choosing emotional faces in right visual field. Regression analysis shows that the skew coefficient can well predict the reaction time deviation. Conclusion: (1) the positive emotional faces have significant left visual field (right hemispheric) bias, while the inverted emotional faces have significant right visual field (left hemisphere) bias. These findings support the hypothesis that there are differences in the ability of each hemisphere of the brain to process facial emotions: the right hemisphere has an advantage in structural processing, while the left hemisphere has an advantage in feature processing; (2) the gender information of positive male faces does not affect the structural processing of emotional faces, but the gender information of positive female faces affects the structural processing of emotional faces, and the sad female faces have greater right hemispheric processing advantages; The gender information of inverted male faces affects the processing of emotional faces, and the happy male faces have greater left hemispheric processing advantages. The gender information of inverted female faces affected the processing of emotional faces, and the female who were happy and surprised had more advantage in left hemisphere processing. (3) there is a significant positive correlation between the partial lateralization coefficient and the reaction time deviation, which indicates that the study of the partial lateralization coefficient and the reaction time deviation provides consistent asymmetric evidence for the emotional lateralization process.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：B842

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