【摘要】：依戀是由其理論的創(chuàng)始人John Bowlby提出來的,個(gè)體在畢生發(fā)展過程中與其主要撫養(yǎng)者之間形成的一種非常牢固的情感聯(lián)系。從理論上講,人類天生的依戀行為系統(tǒng)是由向依戀對(duì)象尋求親近來組織的。依戀理論認(rèn)為,依戀系統(tǒng)的激活受到兩個(gè)因素的影響,即內(nèi)在情緒和外在情境,而不同依戀類型個(gè)體內(nèi)部工作模型中的目標(biāo)、需要、期望和策略等認(rèn)知成分又均存在差異,這些認(rèn)知成分會(huì)影響個(gè)體對(duì)信息的選擇性注意和記憶過程。大量研究表明,不同依戀類型個(gè)體的注意偏向受壓力情境、刺激威脅程度的影響,通過考察不同因素對(duì)注意偏向的影響就可以揭示不同依戀類型個(gè)體注意偏向的內(nèi)在奧秘。本研究采用經(jīng)典的點(diǎn)探測(cè)實(shí)驗(yàn)范式,基于依戀類型、壓力水平和刺激的威脅程度等因素的影響,以反應(yīng)時(shí)和注意偏向分作為衡量注意偏向的尺度,探討依戀類型注意偏向的特點(diǎn)。實(shí)驗(yàn)材料是從具有生態(tài)效應(yīng)的中國情緒圖片系統(tǒng)(CAPS)中選出來的圖片(高威脅圖片、低威脅圖片和中性圖片)。根據(jù)Brennan等的親密關(guān)系量表(ECR),從300名初中二年級(jí)學(xué)生中篩選出112名作為本研究的被試,其中56名作為無壓力情境下的被試,安全型、冷漠型、恐懼型和迷戀型組被試各14名;56名作為壓力情境下的被試,安全型、冷漠型、恐懼型和迷戀型組被試各14名。研究結(jié)果表明:(1)無壓力情境下,刺激呈現(xiàn)時(shí)間為500ms時(shí),安全型依戀的初中生對(duì)高威脅信息和低威脅信息均沒有表現(xiàn)出注意偏向,冷漠型、恐懼型和迷戀型依戀的初中生只對(duì)高威脅刺激表現(xiàn)出注意偏向。(2)有壓力情境下,刺激呈現(xiàn)時(shí)間為500ms時(shí),不同依戀類型的初中生對(duì)高威脅信息和低威脅信息均表現(xiàn)出注意偏向。安全型依戀初中生對(duì)高、低威脅信息的注意偏向差異不顯著,冷漠型、恐懼型、迷戀型依戀初中生對(duì)高、低威脅信息的注意偏向差異不顯著,但與安全型依戀初中生之間的差異顯著,三者之間差異不顯著。(3)有壓力情境下,刺激呈現(xiàn)時(shí)間為500ms時(shí),安全型依戀初中生表現(xiàn)出的注意偏向差異與無壓力情境下相比并不顯著,冷漠型、恐懼型和迷戀型依戀的初中生表現(xiàn)出的注意偏向與無壓力情境下相比差異顯著,但冷漠型、恐懼型和迷戀型依戀的初中生之間的注意偏向差異并不顯著。
[Abstract]:Attachment is proposed by John Bowlby, the founder of his theory, and it is a very strong emotional connection between the individual and his main caregivers in the course of his lifetime development. Theoretically speaking, human's innate attachment behavior system is organized by seeking closeness to the attachment object. According to attachment theory, the activation of attachment system is affected by two factors, that is, internal emotion and external situation, and different cognitive elements, such as target, need, expectation and strategy, in the internal work model of different attachment types. These cognitive components affect the individual's selective attention to information and memory process. A large number of studies have shown that the attention bias of different attachment types is affected by the stress situation and the threat degree of stimulation. By examining the influence of different factors on the attention bias, the internal mystery of attention bias of different attachment type individuals can be revealed. Based on the effects of attachment type, stress level and threat level of stimulus, the typical point detection paradigm was used to measure the attention bias, and the response time and attention bias score were used to measure the attention bias. To explore the characteristics of attachment type attention bias. The experimental materials were selected from the Chinese emotional Picture system (CAPS) with ecological effects (high-threat, low-threat and neutral). According to Brennan et al.'s closeness scale (ECR), 112 students were selected from 300 junior middle school sophomores as subjects in this study, 56 of them were safety type, apathetic type. There were 14 subjects in fear type group and 14 in infatuation group. There were 56 subjects in stress situations, 14 in safety, apathy, fear and infatuation groups. The results showed that: (1) when the time of stimulation was 500ms, the high threat information and low threat information of the security attachment junior high school students showed no attention bias and apathy. Fear type and infatuation type attachment junior high school students only showed attention bias to high threat stimuli. (2) in stress situations, the stimuli showed a time of 500ms. Junior high school students with different attachment types showed attention bias to high threat information and low threat information. There was no significant difference in the attention bias of high and low threat information among the security attachment junior high school students, the apathy, fear type, infatuation type attachment junior middle school students' attention bias to the high and low threat information. But there was significant difference between them and the safety attachment junior high school students. (3) when the time of stimulation was 500ms, the difference was not significant. The difference of attention bias of safety attachment junior high school students was not significant compared with that under no stress situation, but the indifference type, fear type and infatuation type attachment junior high school students showed significant difference in attention bias, but apathy type. There was no significant difference in attention bias between fear type and infatuated attachment junior high school students.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：B842.3

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 王英芊;鄒泓;侯珂;王明珠;湯玉龍;潘斌;;親子依戀、同伴依戀與青少年消極情感的關(guān)系:有調(diào)節(jié)的中介模型[J];心理發(fā)展與教育;2016年02期

2 郝賦;趙丹妮;楊艷;雷英;朱紅強(qiáng);蘇景寬;;心理疲勞對(duì)情緒圖片注意偏向的研究[J];現(xiàn)代生物醫(yī)學(xué)進(jìn)展;2014年18期

3 邵秀巧;曹雪梅;;狀態(tài)焦慮、刺激呈現(xiàn)時(shí)間、特質(zhì)焦慮水平對(duì)注意偏向影響的實(shí)驗(yàn)研究[J];中國健康心理學(xué)雜志;2014年02期

4 熊倩;陳旭;;初中生性別角色類型與依戀風(fēng)格的關(guān)系研究[J];內(nèi)蒙古師范大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(教育科學(xué)版);2011年04期

5 王爭(zhēng)艷;楊葉;汪斌;;依戀內(nèi)部工作模式的社會(huì)認(rèn)知研究[J];心理科學(xué)進(jìn)展;2006年06期

6 李同歸;王新暖;郭曉飛;;初中生的依戀類型與異性交往行為[J];中國行為醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué);2006年07期

7 李同歸;加藤和生;;成人依戀的測(cè)量:親密關(guān)系經(jīng)歷量表(ECR)中文版[J];心理學(xué)報(bào);2006年03期

8 彭曉哲,周曉林;情緒信息與注意偏向[J];心理科學(xué)進(jìn)展;2005年04期

9 鄭希付;焦慮情緒與啟動(dòng)情緒兩種狀態(tài)下的記憶信息處理[J];心理科學(xué);2005年02期

10 鐘杰,錢銘怡;中文情緒形容詞檢測(cè)表的編制與信效度研究[J];中國臨床心理學(xué)雜志;2005年01期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 郭薇;不同依戀類型戀愛受挫者的注意偏向[D];西南大學(xué);2012年

2 邵秀巧;特質(zhì)焦慮者對(duì)威脅信息注意偏向的實(shí)驗(yàn)研究[D];天津師范大學(xué);2008年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前7條

1 陳燦陽;回避型依戀個(gè)體對(duì)依戀相關(guān)詞匯的注意偏向[D];南京師范大學(xué);2016年

2 李倩;不同成人依戀個(gè)體對(duì)人際反饋信息的注意偏向機(jī)制及干預(yù)研究[D];陜西師范大學(xué);2015年

3 陳奇佳;不同依戀風(fēng)格者對(duì)情緒性信息的注意偏向及其時(shí)間進(jìn)程特點(diǎn)的研究[D];西南大學(xué);2015年

4 溫小艷;高中生依戀、自尊與學(xué)習(xí)壓力應(yīng)對(duì)方式的關(guān)系研究[D];福建師范大學(xué);2014年

5 李敏;不同成人依戀類型個(gè)體的注意偏向及其產(chǎn)生階段[D];杭州師范大學(xué);2011年

6 王莉佳;高中生死亡態(tài)度及其與依戀關(guān)系的研究[D];華東師范大學(xué);2010年

7 王小妍;壓力情境下成人依戀取向與注意偏差的關(guān)系研究[D];華中師范大學(xué);2008年

，

本文編號(hào)：2396424