【摘要】：近年來隨著媒體大量報道官方機構(gòu)的負(fù)面新聞，使得社會對官方組織的整體公信力都有很大的下滑趨勢，這不僅使得組織機構(gòu)的工作效率降低，工作目標(biāo)無法達(dá)成外，還造成公眾對官方組織機構(gòu)及權(quán)威專家發(fā)布的言論的負(fù)面敏感性，致使社會整體的公信力下降，甚至使公眾做出不理性的負(fù)性的決策判斷。那么研究信任等因素對決策的影響就有了其實際的研究意義。 本研究嘗試在慈善公益背景下，，設(shè)置兩種不同的實驗情境來考查被試的決策傾向，一個要求被試想象完成涉及高情感因素的任務(wù)，另一個要求被試想象完成涉及低情感因素的任務(wù)。研究整體共涉及三個自變量，即信任、情緒、情感相關(guān)任務(wù)，均為兩個水平。具體地，實驗一選用了信任、情感相關(guān)任務(wù)為自變量，來探索對決策判斷的影響。結(jié)果顯示：(1)信任對決策判斷的影響差異顯著；(2)情感相關(guān)任務(wù)對決策判斷的影響差異顯著；(3)信任、情感相關(guān)任務(wù)兩因素之間的交互作用差異顯著；(4)無論是高情感相關(guān)任務(wù)還是低情感相關(guān)任務(wù)，高信任者均比低信任者更易做出積極肯定的決策判斷；(5)在高信任水平下，高情感相關(guān)任務(wù)情境下做出的決策與低情感相關(guān)任務(wù)情境下做出的決策之間差異不顯著；在低信任水平下，高情感相關(guān)任務(wù)情境下比低情感相關(guān)任務(wù)情境下更傾向于做出消極否定的決策，即差異顯著。 實驗二在實驗一的基礎(chǔ)上加入了具體的情緒變量，分為積極情緒和消極情緒兩個水平，且均為地震背景下的情緒喚醒。目的是考查加入具體的情緒變量的作用后是否會改變個體的決策。實驗結(jié)果顯示：(1)信任、情緒、情感相關(guān)任務(wù)等三因素的主效應(yīng)均顯著，即對決策判斷的影響均差異顯著；(2)信任、情緒兩因素之間的交互作用差異顯著，情緒、情感相關(guān)任務(wù)兩因素之間的交互作用差異顯著；信任、情感相關(guān)任務(wù)兩因素之間的交互作用差異不顯著；(3)信任、情緒、情感相關(guān)任務(wù)等三因素的交互作用顯著；(4)無論在積極情緒還是消極情緒下，無論在高情感相關(guān)任務(wù)情境下還是低情感相關(guān)任務(wù)下，高信任者均比低信任者更易做出積極肯定的決策判斷；(5)在低信任-積極情緒水平下，情感相關(guān)任務(wù)對決策判斷的影響不顯著；在低信任-消極情緒水平下，行為主體在高情感相關(guān)任務(wù)情境下比在低情感相關(guān)任務(wù)情境下更傾向于做出消極否定的決策判斷，即差異顯著。 當(dāng)然，由于客觀實驗條件的限制，實驗變量控制（包括實驗環(huán)境）的嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)程度等問題可能在某種程度上影響了實驗的信效度，使本研究還存在著不少缺陷有待改進(jìn)的地方。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with a large number of media reports on the negative news of official organizations, the society has a great downward trend towards the overall credibility of official organizations, which not only makes the work efficiency of organizations lower, but also the work goals can not be achieved. It also causes the negative sensitivity of the public to the statements issued by the official organizations and authoritative experts, which results in the decline of the credibility of the society as a whole, and even makes the public make irrational and negative decisions. So it has practical significance to study the influence of trust and other factors on decision-making. This study tries to set up two different experimental situations to examine the decision tendency of the subjects under the background of charity public welfare. One requires the subjects to complete the tasks involving high emotional factors. Another asked subjects to imagine completing tasks involving low emotional factors. The whole study involved three independent variables, namely, trust, emotion and affective related tasks. Specifically, experiment 1 uses trust and affective related tasks as independent variables to explore the influence on decision-making judgment. The results showed that: (1) the influence of trust on decision judgment was significant; (2) affective related tasks had significant influence on decision judgment; (3) there were significant differences between the two factors of trust and affective related tasks; (4) whether it is high affective related task or low affective related task, it is easier for the high trust person to make positive decision judgment than the low trust person; (5) under the condition of high trust, there was no significant difference between the decisions made in the context of high affective related tasks and those made in the context of low affective related tasks; In the low trust level, the high affective related task situation is more inclined to make the negative decision than the low emotion related task situation, that is, the difference is significant. On the basis of experiment 1, the second experiment adds specific emotional variables, which can be divided into two levels: positive emotion and negative emotion, and both of them are emotional arousal in earthquake background. The aim was to see if adding specific emotional variables would change the individual's decision-making. The results show that: (1) the main effects of trust, emotion and affective related tasks are significant, that is, the influence on decision judgment is significant; (2) there were significant differences in the interaction between the two factors of trust, emotion, emotion and affective tasks, but there was no significant difference in the interaction between the two factors of trust and emotion. (3) the interaction of trust, emotion and affective related tasks was significant; (4) in both positive and negative emotions, whether in the context of high affective related tasks or low affective related tasks, high trust people are more likely to make positive and positive decision judgment than those with low trust; (5) at the level of low trust and positive emotion, affective tasks have no significant influence on decision judgment; At the level of low trust and negative emotion, the behavior subjects tend to make negative decision judgment in the high affective related task situation than in the low affective related task situation, that is, the difference is significant. Of course, due to the limitation of objective experimental conditions, the rigorous degree of experimental variable control (including the experimental environment) may affect the reliability and validity of the experiment to some extent, so there are still many defects in this study to be improved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：B842

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本文編號：2379011