【摘要】：有統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字表明，熟練駕駛員(Advanced driver)與新手駕駛員(Novice driver)相比，前者引發(fā)的交通事故比率要明顯低于后者。司機(jī)的安全與如何搜索行車環(huán)境特別是路面信息有密切關(guān)系。焦慮是駕駛員常見的情緒，尤其常見于新手駕駛員，那么新手駕駛員視覺搜索特點(diǎn)與經(jīng)驗(yàn)駕駛員的差異是否與焦慮有關(guān)？駕駛員在焦慮狀態(tài)下視覺搜索特點(diǎn)是否會(huì)改變？ 本研究的目的正是要通過(guò)調(diào)查新手駕駛員在駕駛過(guò)程中的焦慮狀態(tài)，了解新手駕駛員的焦慮情緒，通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)分析新手與經(jīng)驗(yàn)駕駛員在焦慮條件下視覺搜索模式的差異，對(duì)揭示經(jīng)驗(yàn)和路況對(duì)視覺搜索模式的影響機(jī)制有一定的理論意義，也對(duì)新手駕駛員的培訓(xùn)是否要增加情緒調(diào)節(jié)環(huán)節(jié)有一定的實(shí)踐意義。 研究包括三個(gè)部分。研究一采用問(wèn)卷法調(diào)查新手駕駛員與經(jīng)驗(yàn)駕駛員在駕駛過(guò)程中的狀態(tài)焦慮；研究二是一個(gè)2（分組：新手組、經(jīng)驗(yàn)組）×2（路況：簡(jiǎn)單路況、復(fù)雜路況）的混合實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)，該實(shí)驗(yàn)考察平靜條件下新手駕駛員和經(jīng)驗(yàn)駕駛員在視覺搜索特點(diǎn)上是否存在差異；研究三的實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)與研究二相同，考察的是焦慮條件下新手駕駛員和經(jīng)驗(yàn)駕駛員在視覺搜索特點(diǎn)上是否存在差異。 通過(guò)分析實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果，得出下列結(jié)論： （1）新手駕駛員與經(jīng)驗(yàn)駕駛員相比，在駕駛中更容易產(chǎn)生焦慮情緒； （2）在平靜條件下，無(wú)論是簡(jiǎn)單路況還是復(fù)雜路況，新手組和經(jīng)驗(yàn)組的視覺搜索模式?jīng)]有顯著差異； （3）在平靜條件下，路況條件不同，新手駕駛員和經(jīng)驗(yàn)駕駛員都會(huì)改變視覺搜索模式，復(fù)雜路況下會(huì)增加對(duì)中間的注視； （4）實(shí)驗(yàn)室可以誘發(fā)駕駛員的焦慮情緒，，而且新手駕駛員的焦慮水平高于經(jīng)驗(yàn)駕駛員； （5）焦慮可以引起駕駛員注視目標(biāo)的減少，復(fù)雜路況比簡(jiǎn)單路況減少的更多，新手組駕駛員比經(jīng)驗(yàn)組駕駛員減少的更多； （6）焦慮可以引起駕駛員的注意偏向，復(fù)雜路況比簡(jiǎn)單路況更容易引起注意偏向，新手組駕駛員比經(jīng)驗(yàn)駕駛員出現(xiàn)更多的注意偏向。
[Abstract]:Some statistics show that the ratio of traffic accidents caused by (Advanced driver) of skilled drivers is obviously lower than that caused by (Novice driver) of novice drivers. The safety of drivers is closely related to how to search traffic environment, especially road information. Anxiety is a common emotion of drivers, especially for novice drivers, so is the difference between the visual search characteristics of novice drivers and experienced drivers related to anxiety? Will the driver's visual search characteristics change in a state of anxiety? The purpose of this study is to investigate the anxiety state of novice drivers in the process of driving, to understand the anxiety of novice drivers, and to analyze the differences between novice and experienced drivers in visual search mode under anxious conditions. It has certain theoretical significance to reveal the influence mechanism of experience and road conditions on visual search mode, and also has certain practical significance to whether the training of novice drivers should increase the emotional regulation link. The study consists of three parts. The first study investigated the state anxiety of novice drivers and experienced drivers in the process of driving by questionnaire. The second study is a mixed experimental design of 2 (grouping: novice group, experience group) 脳 2 (road condition: simple road condition, complex road condition), The experiment investigated whether there were differences in visual search characteristics between novice drivers and experienced drivers under calm conditions. The experimental design of study 3 is the same as that of study 2, and the differences between novice drivers and experienced drivers in visual search under anxiety conditions are investigated. By analyzing the experimental results, the following conclusions are drawn: (1) compared with experienced drivers, novice drivers are more likely to have anxiety in driving; (2) under calm conditions, there was no significant difference in visual search patterns between the novice group and the experience group, regardless of the simple or complex road conditions; (3) under the calm condition, the novice driver and the experienced driver will change the visual search mode, and under the complex road condition will increase the attention to the middle; (4) the anxiety level of novice drivers was higher than that of experienced drivers. (5) anxiety can cause the driver to focus on the target less, the complex road condition is more than the simple road condition, the novice group driver reduces more than the experience group driver; (6) anxiety can cause attention bias of drivers, complex road conditions are more likely to cause attention bias than simple road conditions, and novice drivers have more attention bias than experienced drivers.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：B842

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本文編號(hào)：2360522