【摘要】：冠狀面視角的生物運動知覺中存在一個特殊現(xiàn)象,正射投影的光點行走人物具有雙穩(wěn)態(tài)特性,即對于同一個刺激,既可被知覺為朝向觀察者(facing-the-viewer),也可被知覺為背向觀察者(facing-away),但人們知覺到朝向觀察者的概率往往遠高于背向觀察者,這個現(xiàn)象被稱為生物運動的朝向偏向(facingbias)。以往研究顯示,自上而下和自下而上的因素可能對朝向偏向均存在一定的影響。但是,這些研究并未區(qū)分自下而上因素與自上而下因素的不同作用。另外,局部運動信息對生物運動朝向偏向這種特殊的高水平知覺過程是否也存在影響,也尚待探究。鑒于此,本研究一方面通過改變局部運動信息的時間關系和空間關系,探討局部運動信息對朝向偏向的影響;另一方面通過對社交焦慮水平(自上而下因素)和局部運動信息(自下而上因素)的作用進行比較,揭示朝向偏向的加工特征。本研究的結(jié)果有利于進一步揭示生物運動知覺,尤其是朝向偏向知覺的加工規(guī)律。本研究總共包含3個實驗:實驗1考察局部運動空間關系信息對朝向偏向的影響;實驗2考察局部運動時間關系信息對朝向偏向的影響;實驗3則綜合考察局部運動的時間和空間關系對朝向偏向的影響,同時比較社會焦慮水平和局部運動信息的不同作用。本研究獲得以下結(jié)果:(1)與側(cè)面視角的朝向知覺不同,冠狀面視角的生物運動朝向知覺不受局部運動信息的影響,這與后者的雙穩(wěn)態(tài)特性和社會生物特性相關;(2)與局部運動信息對朝向偏向沒有影響不同,社會焦慮水平對朝向偏向產(chǎn)生了顯著的影響,即自上而下的因素在生物運動的朝向偏向加工中起主導作用,自下而上因素的重要程度相對較弱�？傊�,本研究認為,與其他生物運動的知覺過程不同,生物運動的朝向偏向主要基于對自上而下因素的加工而引發(fā),自下而上因素的加工對其的作用較弱。
[Abstract]:There is a special phenomenon in the biological motion perception of the coronal angle of view, in which the walking figure with positive projection has a bistable characteristic, that is, for the same stimulus, It can be perceived as either a facing-the-viewer or a facing-away, but people tend to be far more likely to feel towards the observer than the back observer, a phenomenon known as the orientation bias (facingbias). Of biological movement Previous studies have shown that both top-down and bottom-up factors may have an effect on the orientation bias. However, these studies do not distinguish between bottom-up factors and top-down factors. In addition, whether the local movement information has influence on the special high level perception process of biological movement orientation is still to be explored. In view of this, on the one hand, by changing the temporal and spatial relationship of local motion information, the influence of local motion information on orientation bias is discussed. On the other hand, the effects of social anxiety level (top-down factor) and local movement information (bottom-up factor) were compared to reveal the processing characteristics of orientation bias. The results of this study are helpful to further reveal the processing law of biological motion perception, especially towards biased perception. This study consists of three experiments: experiment 1 examines the effect of local motion spatial relationship information on orientation bias, experiment 2 studies the effect of local motion time relation information on orientation bias; In experiment 3, the effects of temporal and spatial relationship of local movement on orientation bias were comprehensively investigated, and the different effects of social anxiety level and local motion information were compared at the same time. The results of this study are as follows: (1) different from the orientation perception of the lateral angle, the biological motion orientation perception of the coronal angle is not affected by the local motion information. This is related to the bistable and sociobiological characteristics of the latter. (2) the level of social anxiety has a significant effect on the orientation bias, and the local movement information has no effect on the orientation bias. That is, top-down factors play a leading role in the orientation bias processing of biological movement, and the importance of bottom-up factors is relatively weak. In conclusion, this study suggests that, unlike other biological movements, the orientation bias of biological movement is mainly caused by the processing of top-down factors, but the effect of bottom-up factors is weak.
【學位授予單位】：浙江大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：B842

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本文編號：2271902