合作和競(jìng)爭(zhēng)情境下人際情緒調(diào)節(jié)的工具性動(dòng)機(jī)
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-26 14:46
【摘要】：人際情緒調(diào)節(jié)是良好社交的先決條件,影響著互動(dòng)雙方的情緒狀態(tài)及其關(guān)系的質(zhì)量。動(dòng)機(jī)在確定情緒調(diào)節(jié)的方向和結(jié)果上起重要作用。為了實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo),個(gè)體常常上調(diào)或下調(diào)情緒反應(yīng)強(qiáng)度或持續(xù)時(shí)間來(lái)滿足特定的動(dòng)機(jī),也有改變他人情緒狀態(tài)的動(dòng)機(jī)。人際情緒調(diào)節(jié)動(dòng)機(jī)包括享樂(lè)動(dòng)機(jī)和工具性動(dòng)機(jī)。在日常生活中,人們多選擇享樂(lè)動(dòng)機(jī)來(lái)調(diào)節(jié)情緒;在對(duì)抗活動(dòng)中,則多選擇工具性動(dòng)機(jī)。先前研究雖然探討了情緒調(diào)節(jié)動(dòng)機(jī),但對(duì)人際情緒調(diào)節(jié)動(dòng)機(jī)的研究較少,尤其是工具性動(dòng)機(jī)。人際情緒調(diào)節(jié)具有一定的情境性,在不同情境下,人們調(diào)節(jié)他人情緒的動(dòng)機(jī)可能會(huì)有差異。人們是否增加某種情緒調(diào)節(jié)動(dòng)機(jī)取決于感知到這種情緒在成功對(duì)抗中的有效性。當(dāng)人們認(rèn)為生氣可以促進(jìn)目標(biāo)實(shí)現(xiàn)時(shí),就易于產(chǎn)生調(diào)節(jié)生氣情緒的動(dòng)機(jī)�；�(dòng)雙方的熟悉度是影響人際情緒調(diào)節(jié)動(dòng)機(jī)的因素之一。在人際互動(dòng)中,人們與朋友的熟悉度更高,情感交流更多,更易選擇享樂(lè)動(dòng)機(jī),與陌生人互動(dòng)時(shí)可能會(huì)更多選擇工具性動(dòng)機(jī)。此外,金錢(qián)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)對(duì)動(dòng)機(jī)的產(chǎn)生有直接的促進(jìn)作用,個(gè)體的表現(xiàn)隨獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)金額的增加而提高。金錢(qián)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)也可能是影響人際情緒調(diào)節(jié)動(dòng)機(jī)的一個(gè)重要因素。本研究通過(guò)三個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)來(lái)探討人際情緒調(diào)節(jié)動(dòng)機(jī)。實(shí)驗(yàn)1通過(guò)玩一個(gè)攻擊性游戲,探測(cè)人們是否會(huì)在工具性動(dòng)機(jī)的驅(qū)使下增加合作伙伴(而非競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手)的不愉快情緒(生氣),以及感知到生氣情緒的有效性是否起調(diào)節(jié)作用。實(shí)驗(yàn)2將合作伙伴和競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手換成熟悉的朋友,考察人際情緒調(diào)節(jié)的工具性動(dòng)機(jī)是否仍然存在。實(shí)驗(yàn)3考慮了金錢(qián)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)這一因素,將被試隨機(jī)分配到高低獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)組,探究不同獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)金額是否會(huì)影響實(shí)驗(yàn)1的結(jié)論。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示:(1)在人際情緒調(diào)節(jié)中,被試試圖增加合作伙伴(而非競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手)的生氣情緒以實(shí)現(xiàn)獲利的目標(biāo)。這一結(jié)果不受熟悉度的影響,即使合作伙伴是較熟悉的朋友,結(jié)果亦是如此。(2)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)金額影響人際情緒調(diào)節(jié)的工具性動(dòng)機(jī)。高獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)金額組的被試為了獲利,試圖增加合作伙伴(而非競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手)的生氣情緒體驗(yàn)。低獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)金額組在合作和競(jìng)爭(zhēng)兩種情境下的表現(xiàn)無(wú)差異。(3)感知到生氣的有效性調(diào)節(jié)情境和對(duì)生氣情緒偏愛(ài)程度之間的關(guān)系,被試認(rèn)為生氣情緒越有效,就越想誘導(dǎo)合作伙伴(而非競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手)產(chǎn)生生氣情緒體驗(yàn)。本研究驗(yàn)證了人際情緒調(diào)節(jié)的工具性動(dòng)機(jī),對(duì)于拓展人際情緒調(diào)節(jié)的研究視角、了解人際情緒調(diào)節(jié)動(dòng)機(jī)的機(jī)制和指導(dǎo)臨床應(yīng)用具有重要的意義。
[Abstract]:Interpersonal emotional regulation is a prerequisite for good social interaction, affecting the emotional state of both sides and the quality of their relationship. Motivation plays an important role in determining the direction and outcome of emotional regulation. In order to achieve the goal, individuals often up or down the intensity or duration of emotional response to meet specific motivations, but also the motivation to change the emotional state of others. Interpersonal emotion regulation motivation includes pleasure motivation and instrumental motivation. In daily life, people tend to choose hedonic motivation to regulate their emotions; in confrontational activities, they choose instrumental motivation. Although previous studies have explored emotion regulation motivation, there are few researches on interpersonal emotion regulation motivation, especially instrumental motivation. Interpersonal emotional regulation has a certain situational nature, in different situations, people may have different motivations to regulate the emotions of others. Whether people increase some emotional motivation depends on perceived effectiveness of the emotion in successful confrontation. When people think anger can promote the achievement of their goals, it is easy to generate motivation to regulate angry emotions. Familiarity is one of the factors that influence the motivation of interpersonal emotion regulation. In interpersonal interaction, people are more familiar with friends, more emotional communication, more easy to choose pleasure motivation, and may choose more instrumental motivation when interacting with strangers. In addition, monetary reward has a direct promoting effect on motivation, and individual performance increases with the increase of reward amount. Monetary rewards may also be an important factor in the motivation of interpersonal emotion regulation. In this study, three experiments were conducted to explore the motivation of interpersonal emotion regulation. By playing an aggressive game, experiment 1 explores whether people are motivated by instrumental motivation to increase the unpleasant emotions of their partners (rather than competitors) and whether the perceived effectiveness of angry emotions plays a role in regulating them. Experiment 2 changed partners and competitors into familiar friends to investigate whether instrumental motivation for interpersonal emotion regulation still exists. In experiment 3, considering the factor of monetary reward, the subjects were randomly assigned to high and low reward groups to explore whether the different amount of reward would affect the conclusion of experiment 1. The results show that: (1) in interpersonal emotional regulation, the participants try to increase the angry emotions of their partners (rather than competitors) in order to achieve the goal of profit. This result is not influenced by familiarity, even if the partner is a more familiar friend. (2) the incentive amount affects the instrumental motivation of interpersonal emotional regulation. Participants in the high-award group tried to increase the emotional life of their partners, rather than competitors, in order to make a profit. There was no difference in the performance of the low reward group in the two situations of cooperation and competition. (3) perceived the relationship between the validity of anger and the degree of preference for angry emotion, the participants considered that the more effective the angry emotion was, The more you want to induce a partner (not a competitor) to generate a dynamic emotional experience. This study verifies the instrumental motivation of interpersonal emotion regulation, which is of great significance for expanding the perspective of interpersonal emotion regulation, understanding the mechanism of interpersonal emotion regulation motivation and guiding clinical application.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：四川師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：B842.6
本文編號(hào)：2146352
[Abstract]:Interpersonal emotional regulation is a prerequisite for good social interaction, affecting the emotional state of both sides and the quality of their relationship. Motivation plays an important role in determining the direction and outcome of emotional regulation. In order to achieve the goal, individuals often up or down the intensity or duration of emotional response to meet specific motivations, but also the motivation to change the emotional state of others. Interpersonal emotion regulation motivation includes pleasure motivation and instrumental motivation. In daily life, people tend to choose hedonic motivation to regulate their emotions; in confrontational activities, they choose instrumental motivation. Although previous studies have explored emotion regulation motivation, there are few researches on interpersonal emotion regulation motivation, especially instrumental motivation. Interpersonal emotional regulation has a certain situational nature, in different situations, people may have different motivations to regulate the emotions of others. Whether people increase some emotional motivation depends on perceived effectiveness of the emotion in successful confrontation. When people think anger can promote the achievement of their goals, it is easy to generate motivation to regulate angry emotions. Familiarity is one of the factors that influence the motivation of interpersonal emotion regulation. In interpersonal interaction, people are more familiar with friends, more emotional communication, more easy to choose pleasure motivation, and may choose more instrumental motivation when interacting with strangers. In addition, monetary reward has a direct promoting effect on motivation, and individual performance increases with the increase of reward amount. Monetary rewards may also be an important factor in the motivation of interpersonal emotion regulation. In this study, three experiments were conducted to explore the motivation of interpersonal emotion regulation. By playing an aggressive game, experiment 1 explores whether people are motivated by instrumental motivation to increase the unpleasant emotions of their partners (rather than competitors) and whether the perceived effectiveness of angry emotions plays a role in regulating them. Experiment 2 changed partners and competitors into familiar friends to investigate whether instrumental motivation for interpersonal emotion regulation still exists. In experiment 3, considering the factor of monetary reward, the subjects were randomly assigned to high and low reward groups to explore whether the different amount of reward would affect the conclusion of experiment 1. The results show that: (1) in interpersonal emotional regulation, the participants try to increase the angry emotions of their partners (rather than competitors) in order to achieve the goal of profit. This result is not influenced by familiarity, even if the partner is a more familiar friend. (2) the incentive amount affects the instrumental motivation of interpersonal emotional regulation. Participants in the high-award group tried to increase the emotional life of their partners, rather than competitors, in order to make a profit. There was no difference in the performance of the low reward group in the two situations of cooperation and competition. (3) perceived the relationship between the validity of anger and the degree of preference for angry emotion, the participants considered that the more effective the angry emotion was, The more you want to induce a partner (not a competitor) to generate a dynamic emotional experience. This study verifies the instrumental motivation of interpersonal emotion regulation, which is of great significance for expanding the perspective of interpersonal emotion regulation, understanding the mechanism of interpersonal emotion regulation motivation and guiding clinical application.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：四川師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：B842.6
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