【摘要】：抑郁會降低老年人的生活質(zhì)量,使老年人社會適應(yīng)功能水平下降,是危害老年人心理健康的重要心理因素。社會支持與老年人抑郁的關(guān)系研究結(jié)果不一致。害怕跌倒是“在進行某些活動時為了避免跌倒而出現(xiàn)的自我效能或信心降低”,是老年人常見的心理問題之一,已有研究表明害怕跌倒與社區(qū)、養(yǎng)老院老年人抑郁相關(guān)。本研究將在以往研究的基礎(chǔ)上,探究老年人的社會支持、害怕跌倒與抑郁的關(guān)系。本研究采用《老年抑郁量表11題簡本》、《修正版害怕跌倒量表》和《社會支持評定量表》,選取300名江蘇南京和河南農(nóng)村60歲及以上老年人進行問卷調(diào)查。使用文獻(xiàn)綜述、問卷調(diào)查、T檢驗、方差分析、相關(guān)分析、回歸分析等方法后,得出如下研究結(jié)論:(1)老年人社會支持、抑郁狀態(tài)在城鄉(xiāng)、居住條件、經(jīng)濟條件、是否有退休金、是否患有重大疾病等上存在顯著差異。老年人的害怕跌倒在經(jīng)濟條件、是否跌倒上存在顯著差異。(2)老年人害怕跌倒與抑郁呈顯著正相關(guān);老年人社會支持與抑郁呈顯著負(fù)相關(guān);害怕跌倒和社會支持可以預(yù)測老年抑郁;老年人社會支持與害怕跌倒不相關(guān)。(3)有退休金對害怕跌倒與抑郁具有顯著的調(diào)節(jié)作用,有退休金的老年人害怕跌倒越低,抑郁越低(4)居住在城鎮(zhèn)/農(nóng)村對害怕跌倒與抑郁具有顯著的調(diào)節(jié)作用,與城鎮(zhèn)老年人相比,農(nóng)村老年人害怕跌倒與抑郁關(guān)系更為顯著,害怕跌倒越低,抑郁水平越低。因此本研究得出結(jié)論:老年人心理健康水平會受到老年人擁有的支持水平、害怕跌倒心理水平高低的影響。老年人擁有的社會支持越多,害怕跌倒水平越低,老年人抑郁的水平越低。對于有退休金的老年人來說,害怕跌倒水平高低與抑郁水平的關(guān)系更為顯著,居住在城市或者鄉(xiāng)村影響老年人害怕跌倒與抑郁的關(guān)系程度。
[Abstract]:Depression can reduce the quality of life of the elderly and decrease the level of social adaptation of the elderly. It is an important psychological factor that endangers the mental health of the elderly. The findings of the study on the relationship between social support and depression in the elderly were inconsistent. Fear of falling is one of the common psychological problems in the elderly, which is "self-efficacy or decreased confidence in order to avoid falling in some activities". Some studies have shown that fear of falling is associated with depression in the community and nursing home. Based on previous studies, this study will explore the relationship between social support, fear of falling and depression in the elderly. In this study, we selected 300 elderly people aged 60 and above in Nanjing and Henan provinces, Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing and Henan provinces by using the "Depression scale for the aged 11", the "revised version of fear of falling" and the "Social support rating scale". Using the methods of literature review, questionnaire survey, ANOVA, correlation analysis, regression analysis and so on, the following conclusions are drawn: (1) Social support, depression in urban and rural areas, living conditions, economic conditions, pension, etc. There are significant differences in whether or not they suffer from major diseases. The fear of falling down in the elderly had significant difference in economic condition. (2) there was a significant positive correlation between the fear of falling down and depression in the elderly, and there was a significant negative correlation between social support and depression in the elderly. Fear of fall and social support can predict old age depression, social support is not related to fear of fall. (3) there is a significant regulatory effect of pension on fear of fall and depression. The lower depression was (4) living in urban / rural areas had a significant effect on the regulation of fear of falling and depression. Compared with the elderly in urban areas, the relationship between fear of falling and depression was more significant, and the lower the fear of falling, the lower the level of depression. Therefore, this study concludes that the mental health level of the elderly is affected by the level of support and fear of falling down. The more social support older people have, the lower the level of fear of falling and the lower the level of depression. For the elderly with pension, the relationship between the level of fear of falling and the level of depression is more significant. Living in urban or rural areas affects the degree of the relationship between fear of falling and depression.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：B844.4

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