本文選題：低齡老年人 + 一般自我效能感　； 參考：《上海師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：在人口老齡化的趨勢(shì)下,老年人的身心健康已逐漸成為全社會(huì)關(guān)注的問(wèn)題。老年人特殊的生理、心理和行為特點(diǎn),決定了其不同于其他群體的物質(zhì)和精神需求。在老齡人口迅速增加的同時(shí),中國(guó)現(xiàn)代化、城鎮(zhèn)化和獨(dú)生子女政策的時(shí)代特點(diǎn)也正逐漸顯現(xiàn)。越來(lái)越多的農(nóng)村老人來(lái)到城市幫助子女照顧第三代,城市老人的傳統(tǒng)養(yǎng)兒防老觀(guān)念和三代同堂的居住方式也在發(fā)生改變。因此,除了家庭支持,老年人更需要通過(guò)自主的心理調(diào)適來(lái)適應(yīng)社會(huì)發(fā)展和生活環(huán)境的變化,維持良好的心理健康水平。本研究選取低齡老年人為研究對(duì)象,通過(guò)探查低齡老年人的一般自我效能感、心理健康和家庭支持現(xiàn)狀,旨在揭示三者之間的相互關(guān)系。側(cè)重考察低齡老人一般自我效能感對(duì)其心理健康的直接或間接作用,同時(shí)初探了參與學(xué)習(xí)與低齡老人心理健康的關(guān)系。研究采用成熟心理量表《一般自我效能感量表》、《紐芬蘭紀(jì)念大學(xué)幸福度量表》、《UCLA孤獨(dú)感量表》、《流調(diào)中心抑郁量表》、《焦慮自評(píng)量表》以及《覺(jué)知社會(huì)支持問(wèn)卷》,對(duì)262名城市低齡老人進(jìn)行一般自我效能感、心理健康和家庭支持現(xiàn)狀調(diào)查,結(jié)合被試的性別、年齡、健康狀況、居住結(jié)構(gòu)、收入水平、學(xué)習(xí)狀況等背景信息,研究結(jié)果如下:1、參與學(xué)習(xí)在低齡老年人的主觀(guān)幸福感上主效應(yīng)顯著。參與學(xué)習(xí)的老人主觀(guān)幸福感水平高于不參與學(xué)習(xí)的老人。2、低齡老年人的一般自我效能感可以預(yù)測(cè)其家庭支持和心理健康水平,一般自我效能感越高,可能獲得的家庭支持越多,主觀(guān)幸福感越高,孤獨(dú)、抑郁、焦慮越低。3、家庭支持在低齡老年人一般自我效能感和心理健康之間起到部分中介效應(yīng),一般自我效能感在一定程度上經(jīng)由家庭支持影響心理健康。以上研究結(jié)果表明,一般自我效能感可以預(yù)測(cè)低齡老年人的心理健康水平,并且在一定程度上通過(guò)家庭支持實(shí)現(xiàn)這一影響。參與學(xué)習(xí)可有效提高低齡老年人的主觀(guān)幸福感,因此為低齡老年人提供豐富的文化生活和多樣的學(xué)習(xí)平臺(tái),是促進(jìn)低齡老年人心理健康的重要方式之一。
[Abstract]:Under the trend of aging population, the physical and mental health of the elderly has gradually become a concern of the whole society. The special physical, psychological and behavioral characteristics of the elderly determine their material and spiritual needs different from other groups. At the same time, China's modernization, urbanization and the one-child policy are becoming more and more important. More and more rural elderly come to the city to help their children take care of the third generation. Therefore, in addition to family support, the elderly need to adapt to social development and changes of living environment through independent psychological adjustment to maintain a good level of mental health. The purpose of this study was to explore the general self-efficacy, mental health and family support status of the younger aged people in order to reveal the relationship between them. The direct or indirect effects of general self-efficacy on the mental health of the young elderly were investigated, and the relationship between the participation in learning and the mental health of the young was also explored. The study used the mature Psychological scale, the General Self-efficacy scale, the Newfoundland Memorial University Happiness scale, the UCLA Lonely scale, the Center Depression scale, the Self-Rating anxiety scale and the perceived Social support questionnaire. The average sense of self-efficacy of the young people in the city, Mental health and family support status, combined with background information such as gender, age, health status, housing structure, income level, learning status, etc. The results are as follows: 1. Participation in learning plays a significant role in the subjective well-being of young people. The level of subjective well-being of the elderly who participated in the study was higher than that of the elderly who did not participate in the study. The general self-efficacy of the young people could predict their level of family support and mental health. The higher the general sense of self-efficacy, the more family support they might get. The higher the subjective well-being, the lower the loneliness, depression and anxiety. Family support plays a role in mediating the relationship between general self-efficacy and mental health. General self-efficacy affects mental health to some extent through family support. The results show that the general self-efficacy can predict the mental health level of the young people and achieve this effect through family support to some extent. Participation in learning can effectively improve the subjective well-being of the young people, so it is one of the important ways to promote the mental health of the young people to provide rich cultural life and diverse learning platform for the young elderly.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：B848

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